US gov't knew about Holocaust

during first years after involvement

Organized labor in US

won automatic union membership for defense-plant workers

For Jewish refugees, 1939-1945, US

refused to accept large numbers of refugees

tolerated illicit heterosexual relationships

Primary reason US dropped 2nd bomb

Japan did not immediately surrender after 1st

favored large over small contractors

1942 when US interned Japanese to relocation centers

no evidence Japanese Americans were security risk

WWII, main American strategy to fight Japan was

2 campaigns attack 2 directions

began to relax practices of racial segregation

ended serious German resistance in west

saw effort undermine revitalizing tribal traditions

Prior to using bomb on Japan, Truman

issued ultimatum to Japan to surrender or utter devastation

US women who worked outside home

older than women who worked previously

Battle of Coral Sea 1942

1st important victory over Japan by US

National Defense Research Committee

headed by scientist pioneering computer development

1942, North African campaign

US successfully regrouped after defeat at Kasserine Pass

15 million leave civilian labor for armed forces

Gee navigation system

used electronic pulses to plot course locations

Democrats increased control of House

US and MX agreed on braceros program which

admitted MX contract laborers in US limited time

Battle of Leyte Gulf 1944

largest naval engagement in history

All true of intelligence-gathering except

creation of Purple machine for coded communication

All true of Allied invasion of France EXCEPT

landing made on narrowest part of English Channel

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Chapter 26

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Questions 61

Answers

1
After 1943, US advanced on Japan with aid from
Soviets and China
Australia and New Zealand
England and France
England and Soviets
2
Between 1939-1945, US federal budget
tripled
rose 5-fold
doubled
rose 10-fold
3
Costliest battle in history of US Marine Corps Battle of
Iwo Jima
Okinawa
Midway
Leyte Gulf
4
Battle of Midway 1942
All correct
lasted 4 days
US suffered great losses
stunning defeat for Japanese navy
5
Chinese Americans
All correct
drafted higher % than any other national group
repealed Chinese Exclusion Acts
favorable image in US gov't propaganda
6
1939, 1st steps toward creation of atomic bomb by
Great Britain
Soviet Union
US
Nazi Germany
7
US gov't knew about Holocaust
prior to WWII beginning
only after war was over
during first years after involvement
before US entered war
8
Organized labor in US
agreed to freeze union membership
won automatic union membership for defense-plant workers
used threats of strikes often
lost membership as wages rose
9
Zoot-suit riots in LA
off-duty MX Am soldiers refused military uniform
All correct
tensions between blacks and MX communities
led to city banning zoot suits
10
Smith-Connally Act 1943
president could seize war factory if striking
opposed by FDR
passed because of United Mine Workers actions
All correct
11
For Jewish refugees, 1939-1945, US
made efforts to help them escape
denied Nazis targeting Jews
won agreement for England to accept them
refused to accept large numbers of refugees
12
US military services
banned painting bathing beauties on fighter planes
encouraged USO women to form relationships with servicemen
tolerated homosexuality
tolerated illicit heterosexual relationships
13
Which is true of organized labor?
unions accepted freeze on wages
"wildcat" strikes most common
States passed law expanding union influence
no unions went on strike
14
Primary reason US dropped 2nd bomb
Emperor of Japan asked US for more time
Soviets announced it would not enter war
Japan did not immediately surrender after 1st
Japan gov't announced US had only one bomb
15
All true about internment of Japanese Americans EXCEPT
order upheld by Supreme Court 1944
US never admitted wrongdoing
internment camps essentially prisons
most of interned lost everything
16
1942-1943, British and US effort against Nazis on
freeing France
fighting in North Africa
stopping Holocaust
supporting Soviets
17
War Production Board
favored large over small contractors
won support of small business
directed by Roosevelt ally Leon Henderson
complete control over military purchases
18
August 1944, Allies liberated German occupation of
Stockholm
Amsterdam
Paris
Rome
19
WWII, Allied bombers targeted
railroad lines into Auschwitz
None correct
guard towers and Nazi bunkers at Auschwitz
crematoria at Auschwitz
20
1942 when US interned Japanese to relocation centers
all affected 1st generation Japanese
all of affected Japanese were US citizens
West Coast of US not important military region
no evidence Japanese Americans were security risk
21
Japan surrender to US
All correct
formally signed on Missouri
Occurred September 2, 1945
announced few days after 2nd bomb dropped
22
1943 to simplify tax collection, Congress enacted
earned income tax credit
sales tax
flat tax
automatic payroll deductions
23
WWII, main American strategy to fight Japan was
2 campaigns attack 2 directions
establish strong defense in Solomon Islands to lure
quickly capture Midway Islands
1 large offensive from Marshall Islands west
24
1943, country wanted US to invade France now
Canada
Soviet Union
China
Great Britain
25
WWII, 1 of primary commanders in Pacific
Nimitz
Patton
Bradley
Eisenhower
26
April 1945, US and British halted advance in Germany at Elbe River
wait for Russian army
supply lines overextended
announcement FDR died
due to fierce German resistance
27
February 1944, US naval forces won series of victories Marshall Islands under
Nimitz
Eisenhower
Bradley
MacArthur
28
WWII, US Army chief of staff
Bradley
Marshall
Eisenhower
MacArthur
29
US military
began to relax practices of racial segregation
used quotas to limit number of black servicemen
excluded blacks from combat duty
allowed blacks in all branches of military
30
Battle of Bulge
began spring 1945
ended serious German resistance in west
saw US army drive deep into Germany
None correct
31
American Indians
excluded from military service
pushed out of white society into reservations
saw war work spread to all reservations
saw effort undermine revitalizing tribal traditions
32
Regional impact of gov't spending in US greatest in
South
NE
West
Midwest
33
Significant issue in 1944 election was
Strategy of war
Domestic economy
Corruption of White House
US relationship with Soviets
34
Prior to using bomb on Japan, Truman
sent evidence of test explosion to Japan gov't
warned Japan about atomic bomb
issued ultimatum to Japan to surrender or utter devastation
told Japan to evacuate Hiroshima
35
1943, Casablanca meeting, Allies planned to invade
Corsica
France
Sicily
Cyprus
36
Mid-1945 evidence of Japan's desperation to continue war
All correct
nighttime attacks against US lines
sending 1.000s of pilots suicide missions
loss of over 100,000 at Okinawa
37
US women who worked outside home
barred from unions
None correct
older than women who worked previously
not allowed to have children under 3 in their care
38
Congress abolished
WPA
CCC and WPA
FDIC
CCC
39
Battle of Coral Sea 1942
US withdrew naval forces
US took offensive 1st time
Turning point in war in Pacific
1st important victory over Japan by US
40
National Defense Research Committee
received more private $ than gov't $
concentrated on atomic bomb development
funded less research than WWI
headed by scientist pioneering computer development
41
1942, North African campaign
Germans suffered major defeat at Stalingrad
US pushed Germans out of Egypt
US advanced under Omar Bradley
US successfully regrouped after defeat at Kasserine Pass
42
Labor force in US
supply of civilian labor decline 25%
forced to contend with large labor surplus
15 million leave civilian labor for armed forces
None correct
43
Gee navigation system
used electronic pulses to plot course locations
1st used in last months of war
send sonic message when pilots in range
proved ineffective at sea
44
1944 elections
Dewey nearly won electoral vote
Democrats increased control of House
Republicans gained control of Senate
FDR too ill to campaign
45
Swing music
reinforced racial taboos
new form of jazz
grew out of square dance
originated in Lat Am
46
US and MX agreed on braceros program which
admitted MX contract laborers in US limited time
increased # of MX immigrants as citizens
allowed US business put factories in MX
eliminated tariff on goods from MX
47
Allied decision to delay invasion of France
All correct
occurred after Soviet victory in Stalingrad
left Soviets embittered
put Soviets better position control eastern Europe
48
Battle of Leyte Gulf 1944
US captured Okinawa
saw Japanese forces sink 4 US aircraft carriers
largest naval engagement in history
only time German and Japanese naval forces fought together
49
1st atomic explosion in history took place 1945 in
Hiroshima, Japan
Alamogordo, NM
Salt Lake in Utah
Bikini Islands
50
All true of intelligence-gathering except
breaking Japanese codes before US entry in war
creation of Purple machine for coded communication
capturing Enigma machine
breaking German codes early in war
51
All true of Allied invasion of France EXCEPT
landing made on narrowest part of English Channel
Allied paratroopers dropped behind Germ lines prior
attacked largest # of naval vessels and armaments ever
US, British, Canadian forces stormed beaches
52
Which is true of casualties in WWII?
All true
More than 1 million US dead or wounded
Casualties lighter for US than other countries
14 million combatants died
53
US shoppers
faced many shortages of consumer goods
All correct
did not buy magazines to support war effort
had less $ to spend than decade before
54
All true about developing bomb by Allies EXCEPT
plutonium practical fuel for bomb
Einstein was in charge of program
program proceeded faster pace than expected
program code-named Manhattan Project
55
WWII, 1st Axis country defeated
Japan
Italy
Spain
Germany
56
Germany held tech edge over Allies in
ocean mine detection
centrimetric radar
aircraft bombers
rocket-propelled bombs
57
All rates rose EXCEPT
high school enrollment
birth rate
juvenile crime rate
marriage rate
58
Inflation in US
remained low before 1941
highest in last year of war
largely uncontrolled by federal gov't
much less serious problem than WWI
59
February 1945, Allied bombing attack on Dresden
destroyed 75% of city
mostly civilian causalities
killed 135,000 people
All correct
60
Fair Employment Practices Commission created
response to protests by Congress of Racial Equality
after serious racial rioting
by FDR to stop black protesters marching on capital
to help southern African Americans move to northern cities
61
Effectiveness of German U-boats and mines ended with
All correct
sonar and advanced cavity magnetron valves
centrimetric radar
acoustic countermeasures

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