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Biology Fall Final Review
Biology Fall Final Review
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biology
Flashcards
64 cards
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Questions
64
Answers
1
Which acronym represents the order of phases of mitosis?
CPAT
TMAP
PMAT
PDAT
2
The process in which mRNA serves as a template for protein production
transcription
replication
translation
lysogenic
3
According to Chargaff's Rule, the amount of cytosine will be equal to the amount of what?
adenine
uracil
guanine
thymine
4
In a _____________ solution, water will exit the cell.
hypotonic
none of these
isotonic
hypertonic
5
the shape of DNA
nucleotide
DNA polymerase
single stranded
double helix
6
During this phase, cells continue with their normal functions
anaphase
prophase
metaphase
interphase
7
_________________ chromosomes pair up with each other during prophase
Random
Homologous
Twin
Different
8
The ____________ cycle can remain dormant for many years.
lytic
translation
lysogenic
transcription
9
What is the second phase of mitosis?
prophase
telophase
metaphase
anaphase
10
What are special proteins that regulate the cell cycle?
sarcomeres
enzymes
cyclins
hemoglobin
11
Which of the genotypes below indicates a trait that is homozygous recessive?
Tt
rr
RR
AbC
12
Major difference in plant cells and animal cells
nucleus
cell wall
mitochondria
plasma membrane
13
Enzymes are proteins. What are the monomers for enzymes?
nucleic acids
fatty acids
catalysts
amino acids
14
Cells used in reproduction are
gametes
meiosis
zygotes
somatic cells
15
Enzymes speed up chemical reactions by lowering the
product
substrate potential
activation energy
potential energy
16
Which element is NOT found in a sugar?
oxygen
nitrogen
carbon
hydrogen
17
Pinocytosis and phagocytosis are both types of ...
facilitated diffusion
exocytosis
diffusion
endocytosis
18
How many chromosomes are in a human body cell?
64
23
32
46
19
These do
not
contain membrane bound organelles
animal cells
plant cells
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
20
Viruses are living things
true
false
21
By the end of prophase, each of the following has occured except...
disappearance of the nucleus
coiling of chromosomes
breaking down of nuclear envelope
lining up of the chromosomes at the equator
22
Which set of words describes the "Central Dogma" of biology?
element - compound -- biomolecule
gene -- chromosome -- nucleus
cell - tissue -- organ -- organ system
DNA -- RNA -- protein
23
What happens during the mitosis stage called Anaphase?
two new daughter cells
chromosomes appear
sister chromatids are pulled apart by spindles
chromosomes line up in the middle
24
Which of the following is a major theme about molecules?
Good fences make good neighbors
Love is blind
Charity begins at home
Structure determines function
25
In a __________ solution, water will enter the cell.
hypotonic
isotonic
lypotonic
hypertonic
26
An organic molecule will always contain this element ...
oxygen
carbon
nitrogen
hydrogen
27
This process results in two identical daughter cells
mitosis
meiosis
replication
cytosis
28
These are body cells
hypertonic
isotonic
gametes
somatic
29
Translation takes place in the
nucleus
living room
cytoplasm
mitochondria
30
This is the genetic material found in all living things
RNA
protein
DNA
uracil
31
Which is true of active transport?
it is passive
it requires energy
it does not require energy
it moves from high concentration to low concentration
32
What does a tRNA molecule carry?
a polypeptide chain
a ribosome
a specific amino acid
a codon
33
Transcribe the following DNA into mRNA: TAC
AGC
CGC
AUG
ATT
34
Which of the following is NOT true of RNA?
has adenine
has thymine
single stranded
monomers are nucleotides
35
Which of the following has the least affect on enzyme reaction rates?
temperature
loss of water
pH
enzyme concentration
36
permeable means
things can get stuck
concentration level is low
things can pass through
it's permanent
37
What characteristic is present in a living thing?
contains DNA
needs energy
all of the above
able to grow
38
What is the function of RNA?
breaks down water molecules
Determine how acidic or basic something is
hold genetic information
Carry genetic information to the ribosomes
39
The head of a phospholipid in a cell membrane is
nonexistent
water-loving
non-polar
water-fearing
40
a five carbon sugar found in DNA
deoxyribose
guanine
ribose
helicase
41
the base that pairs with thymine in DNA ...
helicase
RNA
guanine
adenine
42
All living and non-living things are made up of cells.
False
True
43
Which enzyme is responsible for base pairing during DNA replication?
ligase
ATP synthase
helicase
DNA polymerase
44
DNA replication occurs during
prophase
interphase
anaphase
metaphase
45
Which of these are examples of passive transport?
osmosis
diffusion
all of the above
facilitated diffusion
46
The area where chromatids are attached
nucleus
chromosome
interphase
centromere
47
Lipids help insulate the body
false
true
48
What distinguishes a retrovirus from other viruses?
retroviruses are made of cells
antibiotics work on retroviruses
retroviruses have RNA, not DNA
retrovirus gametes are diploid
49
When a substrate bonds with an enzyme at the active site, what is formed?
substrate
product
a new enzyme
enzyme-substrate complex
50
What is the control center of a plant?
mitochondria
golgi body
nucleus
vacuole
51
Any disease-causing agent is known as a
virus
prion
bacteria
pathogen
52
These are the monomers for carbohydrates
nucleotides
fatty acids
amino acids
monosaccharides
53
The process in which messenger RNA is created is called
transcription
lysogenic
replication
translation
54
A viruses structure consists of
DNA or RNA
all of the above
lipid envelope (sometimes)
protein capsid
55
What can cause cancer?
immune system
mutations in DNA
cell membrane
mitochondrial
56
Moving material against the concentration gradient describes
diffusion
osmosis
passive transport
active transport
57
Which type of cell does NOT have a nucleus?
animal cell
bacteria cell
eukaryotic cell
plant cell
58
What is the cell that is needed by a virus in order to reproduce called?
plant cell
bacterial cell
host cell
eukaryotic cell
59
This process allows for cellular growth and repair
mitosis
meiosis
replication
translation
60
A cell membrane is ...
permeable
semi-permeable
61
What is the energy molecule made by the mitochondria?
lipids
ATP
glucose
proteins
62
DNA replication occurs during
mitosis
G2 phase
G1 phase
S-Phase
63
A segment of DNA codes for
a chromosome
an enzyme
a gene
a base
64
This is large and central in plants
golgi body
mitochondria
ribosomes
vacuole
