stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
AP Psych - Cognition and Memory Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
AP Psych - Cognition and Memory
AP Psych - Cognition and Memory
41 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
260 plays
Imported from external platform
Flashcards
41 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
41
Answers
1
Retrieval Cues
Forgetting when a memory cannot be retrieved because of interference.
The disruptive effect of new learning on the recall of old information.
The disruptive effect of prior learning on the recall of new information.
Stimuli that are used to bring a memory to consciousness or into behavior.
2
Mood-congruent memory
thinking about how you think and learn.
Remembering things based on how you feel.
Remembering something better when you are in the same place you learned it.
Remembering things without hints, like writing down everything you know.
3
Short-Term Memory...
is the same as sensory memory
lasts about 12-30 seconds without rehearsal
is not the same thing as working memory
can only hold about 1-3 pieces of information at a time
4
What is a Prototype in Psychology?
An ability to provide a single correct answer
A mental image or best example of a concept
Thinking, knowing, and remembering
The first version of an object from which copies are made
5
which is an example of an implicit memory
describing the taste of a birthday cake
recognizing a celebrity
recalling the name of your JH math teacher
remembering how to tie your shoelace
6
Practical Intelligence:
The ability to analyze, judge, evaluate, compare and contrast.
The ability to use, apply, implement and put into practice
The ability to create, design, invent, originate and imagine
7
Convergent Thinking
expands number of solutions
creativity
lack of creativity
narrows down to best solution
8
Retroactive interference is...
Learning something new interferes with what is yet to happen
...Learning something old interferes with what is known
Learning something or anything interferes with memory
...Learning something new interferes with what is known
9
Intelligence researchers like Gardner and Sternberg argue that schools focus too much on
environmental factors that influence intelligence
traditional and analytical subjects and methods
nonessential subjects like art and music
meeting the needs of students with disabilities
10
Achievement tests are to aptitude tests as
Measurement is to prediction
Reliability is to validity
Elementary school skills are to secondary school skills
Verbal performance is to spacial performance
11
misinformation effect
a continuum of memory processing from shallow to intermediate to deep
a concept or framework that organizes and interprets information
preserves information in its original sensory form for a brief time
when misleading information has corrupted one's memory of an event
12
Reliability in Psychology is ...
the results of the findings or results.
the repeatibility of the findings or results.
the impact of the findings or results.
the consistency of the findings or results.
13
Semantic encoding refers to the processing of…
touch sensations
meanings
sounds
sights
14
A mental set is
Mental groupings
Tendency to approach a problem the same way
Step by step procedure
Conclusions based on assumptions
15
Divergent Thinking
The use of logic based on what has been experienced
Thinking in a variety of ways to solve problems
Coming up with one right answer or way to do a task
The act or process of knowing
16
proactive interference is
new impacting old
no old memories, can make new ones
no new memories, old still exist
old impacting new
17
Which of the following is not one of Howard Gardner's multiple intelligences?
Linguistic
Practical
Musical
Spatial
18
Savant Syndrome
intelligence test for adults
Limited mental abilities with one exceptional skill
extra chromosome, 21
IQ Scores over 130/135
19
Aptitude Test
determines placement for future classes
measures ability to acquire a set of skills
measures acquired learning
accuracy
20
In terms of psychology, what is priming?
Dissociation from certain concepts or ideas
When information influences future responses to a question or situation
“Black and White” thinking
Influencing emotions with facial expressions
21
Gambler’s Fallacy
Assuming that a departure average will be corrected in the long run
If you flip a coin & get heads 20 times, the next flip is 90% likely heads
Assuming that a departure from average will be corrected in the short run
Assumption that no one wins at gambling, even in the short term
22
Availability heuristics
a problem solving method that uses information readily available to you
a problem solving method that uses a formula the get right to the answer
a problem solving method that uses your prototype as the best image
a problem sovling method that uses a step by step process
23
Which of the following intelligences do not make up Sternberg's triarchic theory?
analytical
spatial
creative
practical
24
Which of the following is an example of the representativeness heuristic?
Making a judgment according to past experiences.
Solving a problem by breaking it down into smaller parts.
Believing younger people are more likely to start fights.
Judging a situation by a rule that is usually true.
25
The Flynn Effect is the finding that...
Intelligence seems to increase with every generation.
Linguistic skills decline with age.
Television has decreased intellectual performance.
The more people take a test, the better they tend to score.
26
What study was Elizabeth Loftus famous for?
Eyewitness testimony
Asch line experiment
Little Alfred
The Stanford prison experiment
27
What is the belief perseverance?
clinging to the initial conceptions after being discredited
the tendency to be more confident than correct
judging the likelihood of things
not being able to see a problem from a new perspective
28
Explicit memory
Info that you have to consciously work to remember
How to perform a specific task
Memories of facts, concepts, names, and other general knowledge
Info that you remember unconsciously and effortlessly
29
Framing Effect
The result after framing someone based on intuition
The effect of framing
Only noticing things confirming your belief
Interpreting info differently depending on how its presented
30
Intrapersonal intelligence is...
Logic smart
Nature smart
Self smart
People smart
31
Validity and reliability show?
accuracy and consistency of assessment
strengths and weaknesses of employees
bias and distortion of assessment
accountability of assessment
32
Achievement tests are designed to
assess learned knowledge or skills
measure desire/potential capacity to meet challenges
compare person's personality with highly successful persons
assess ability to produce novel & valuable ideas
33
What does validity mean in Psychology?
Research that is reliable
Research that measures what it claims to measure
Research that is reliable
Research that can be repeated
34
What is functional fixedness?
presentation of a fact framed from a particular perspective
A tendency to approach situations the same way
a tendency to view objects as only working in a certain way
Favoring information that confirms your beliefs
35
Three Memory Processes
Encoding, Storage, Explicit
Episodic, Semantic, Procedural
Encoding, Storage, and Retrieval
Conditioned, Semantic, and Procedural
36
Charles Spearman
Triarchic Theory & Three Intelligences
Eight Intelligences & Multiple Intelligences
Seven Intelligences, Primary Mental Functions and abilities
Single Intelligence & G Factor
37
Elizabeth Loftus' research on wording and misinformation effects on memory best demonstrate
the role of the hippocampus in memory
the serial position effect
the reconstructive nature of memory
the rate at which people forget information
38
Working Memory
getting started
ordering tasks based on importance
"cognitive counter space" helps you keep things in your mind
persistence when frustrated
39
An algorithm in psychology is...
A problem solving approach- when used correctly leads to the correct answer
A problem solving approach that narrows choices to the best fit
A problem solving approach that uses creativity
A problem solving approach that involves group thinking
40
What is the anchoring effect?
Humans make decisions
Loss aversion example
Value of trusted brands
Relying on first information
41
IQ formula
chronologicalage divided by menal age
mental age multiplied by100
chronological age times mental age
mental age divided by chronological age times 100
