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LEAP Review 1 Flashcards | StudBud
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LEAP Review 1
LEAP Review 1
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1
What feature might be used to distinguish secondary succession from primary succession?
the presence of trees and large plants in the final stage
the presence of pioneer species in the final stage
the presence of soil and organic matter
the lack of pioneer species in the second stage
2
Why is a mushroom considered a heterotroph?
It makes food through chemeosynthesis
It makes food through photosynthesis
It obtains nutrients from its environment
It creates different types of food
3
Some bacteria found in hotsprings contain enzymes that work best at temps of 70C+. At temp 50C how will they work?
enzymes will require less energy to function than at 70C
enzymes will lose their bond structure and fall apart
enzymes will not increase the rate of reactions as much as at 70c
enzymes will be destroyed by lysosomes
4
How are sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction different from each other?
mutation rates are lower in sexual repro. than in asexual repro.
sexual repro. requires 2 parents and asexual repro. requires only 1 parent
asexual reproduction occurs only in multicellular organisms
asexual repro. requires 2 parents and sexual repro. requires only 1 parent
5
The removal of which of the following groups would cause an immediate decrease in the of energy flow through the system?
inorganic nutrients
consumers
producers
decomposers
6
The individuality of an organism is determined by the
number of amino acids in a cell
number of nitrogenous bases in a codon
sequence of nitrogenous bases in deoxyribose nucleic acid
position of the ribosomes on the endoplasmic reticulum
7
Two of the four principle classes of organic compounds are proteins and nucleic acids. What is their relationship?
Nucleic acids contain the information to make proteins
Nucleic acids use proteins for energy
Nucleic acids are a subset of proteins
Proteins are long polymers of nucleic acids
8
This is the embryonic stage of two organisms. Which of the following can be determined by observing the embroys?
the organisms share a common ancestry
the organisms will grow into anatomically similar adults
the organisms are native to the same geographic areas
the organisms belong to the same genus
9
Which of the following structure is where cellular respiration occurs in the cell below?
nucleus
cytoplasm
vaculoes
mitochondria
10
Which characteristic do most plants have in common?
they are autotrophic
They are unicellular
they are prokaryotic
they produce seeds
11
Bacteria X makes CO
2
and H
2
O during cell resp. Y always makes ethyl alcohol and CO
2
. What can you conclude from this?
Both species X and Y are aerobic.
Only species Y is aerobic
Both species X and Y are anaerobic.
Only species Y is anaerobic.
12
What function does ATP cary out in living things?
indentifies DNA start sequences for transcription
helps maintain the fluidity of cell membranes
aids in protein folding and coiling
used to capture and transfer energy
13
People are hoping to protect endangered species trying to reduce in the use of pesticides, b/c loss of these would:
increase the mutation rate in plants
reduce biodiversity in various ecosystems
decrease the space and resources available to other organisms
cause pesticides to become more toxic to insects
14
According to Cell Theory, what can you conclude about plants and animals?
plants have cells but animals do not
they both come from a non-living organism.
they are both made of one or more cells
they both come from the same kind of cell
15
Based on fossils, horses used to be smaller, weaker and slower than modern horses. What is responsible for this?
commensalism
inbreeding
migration
evolution by natural selection
16
The diagram shows a cell of a green plant. Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in which structure?
B
C
A
D
17
Which choice describes DNA after replication has taken place?
two molecules, each with two old strands
one molecule with two original strands and one molecule w/ two new strands
two molecules, each with two new strands
two molecuoles, each with one original and one new strand
18
One way humans could have a positive impact on local environments is to:
increase planting large areas of one crop
generate waste products as a result of technological advances
increase the use of pesticides
use resources that are renewable
19
In which ways are photosynthesis and cellular respiration different?
Cellular respiration stores ATP, while photosynthesis releases ATP
Photosynthesis releases energy, while cellular respiration stores energy
Photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, while cellular respiration produces CO2
Cellular respiration produces oxygen, while photosynthesis uses oxygen
20
Which of the following is not a part of the cell theory?
All cells come from other living cells.
All cells contain a nucleus
Cells are the basic unit of structure and function of all living things.
All living organisms are made of one or more cells.
21
Which cell structure is correctly paired with its primary function?
nucleus- storage of nutrients
mitochondrion- movement
ribosome- protein synthesis
vacuole- cell division
22
Which of the following describes an event that results from mitosis but NOT meiosis?
daughter cells that are identical to the parent cell
four daughter cells that are produced
replication of cellular genetic material
two stages of cell divison
23
Which type(s) of cells have genetic material that is contained in a nucleus?
plants only
bacteria
animals only
both plant and animal cells
24
According to chemical evolution (accepted theory w/ origin of life) which event would need to occur for life to evolve?
origin of genetic material
formation of the plasma membrane
onset of photosynthesis
synthesis of organic molecules
25
Small insects can walk across the surface of water by pushing down on it like a trampoline. What is the best answer?
They are small enough to see the water molecules so they step from 1 to 1
Their feet are non-polar so the polar water molecules repel them from water
They use their wings to hover above the water's surface and skim it w/ feet
They are light so they dont break the hydrogen bonds holding water together
26
Water makes up approximately 60% of the humal body and plays a vital role in regulating temp. Why?
water is a good solvent
water has an unusual crystalline structure
water exhibits strong cohesion
water has a high heat capacity
27
How do human diseases caused by bateria and diseases caused by viruses react to antibiotics?
Both respond to antibiotics
Bacterial diseases respond to antibiotics; viral diseases do not
Viral diseases respond to antibiotics; bacterial diseases do not
Neither responds to antibiotics
28
These changes will most likely lead to a:
loss of heterotrophs that cannot be recovered
forest consisting of only producers and decomposers
stable ecosystem that can last for many years
long-term rise in environmental temperatures
29
What process occurs after the forest fire?
secondary succession
pioneer speciation
primary succession
ecosystem boundaries
30
Which of the following energy pyramids shows the correct placement of trophic levels?
D
A
C
B
31
Which component of the original cell theory from 1838 was removed because of new scientific knowledge?
Cells form through spontaneous generation.
Cells are the basic structural and functional units of life.
All cells come from other preexisting cells.
All living things are made of cells.
32
What is the function of the macromolecule sub-unit below?
energy
composes the majority of the cell membrane
stores genetic information
catalyst
33
Which types of organisms developed first due to the early environmental conditions on Earth?
prokaryotic and anaerobic
eukaryotic anaerobic
eukaryotic and aerobic
prokaryotic and aerobic
34
Which of the following statements correctly describes organisms in a food web?
the worms are carnivores
the birds are producers
the algae are consumers
the bacteria are decomposers
35
The diagram below shows a monomer a macromolecule. Which type of molecule contains these monomers?
carbohydrates
nucleic acid
proteins
lipid
36
Which invention fromt he 17th century allowed for the development of modern cell theory?
X-rays
computers
the light microscope
the scanning electron microscope
37
What is the relationship between these three structures?
The cell is composed only of DNA and protein
Protein is composed of DNA that is stored in the cell
DNA is made up of proteins that are synthesized in the cell
DNA controls the production of protein in the cell
38
Which of the following organisms compete for the mouse as a food source?
pine borer and salamander
snake and kinglet
oak tree and pine tree
hawk and snake
39
What is the name of the macromolecule that makes up the majority of the cell membrane?
Nucleotide
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Protein
40
Which of the following will most likely result if all of the primary consumers are removed from this ecosystem?
Prairie rattlesnakes will become herbivores
Silk grass and sand sagebrush populations will decrease
Sagebrush grasshoppers will consume soil bacteria
Golden eagle and kit fox populations will decrease
41
If 20% of a DNA sample is made up of thymine, T, what percentage of the sample is made up of cytosine, C?
35%
15%
30%
50%
42
A volcano erupts and destroys an ecosystem. What do we call the 1st organisms that are able to grow in little/no soil.
decomposers
adaptors
non-vascular species
pioneer species
43
Meat tenderizer contains an enzyme that breaks down meat. Coated meat was put in the fridge, how would the enzyme behave
It would break down the meat more quickly.
It would change the shape of the meat.
It would disintegrate the meat.
It would break down the meat more slowly.
