How are scientific questions answered?

through observation, testing, and analysis

How are theories developed?

through many consistent and supportable tests

Identify the statement below that can be answered in a scientific way.

Romaine lettuce is more nutritious than iceberg lettuce.

Which of the following is the last step in protein synthesis?

stop codon binds to the ribosome &the polypetide is released

How does biotechnology use viruses or bacteria?

a carrier to insert a desired DNA segment into an organism

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BIOLOGY EOC Review Pt 1

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Questions 101

Answers

1
What process of reproduction brings with it the greatest potential for genetic variability?
mitosis
interkinesis
cell differentiation
meiosis
2
A cell placed in a solution shrinks by the process of osmosis.What kind of solution is outside?
hypertonic
hypotonic
isotonic
active
3
What type of information does an MSDS sheet not give you?
personal safety
chemical properties
fair market value
chemical structure
4
The type of nuclear division that produces gametes is called.
meiosis
cytokinesis
mitosis
interphase
5
In fertilization, what do gametes fuse to form?
embryo
zygote
reproductive cell
somatic cell
6
What is the physical expression of traits called?
genotype
mutation
phenotype
allele
7
Without enyzymes, at what rate would metabolic reactions occur?
very slow
they would not occur at all
very fast
at a medium rate
8
A judgement based on data gathered in an experiment is
a hypothesis
a skill
an observation
a conclusion
9
Theories are supported by many scientific __.
observations
hypothesis
predictions
experiments
10
Diffusion is the process by which substance move directly through the cell membrane.
True
False
11
Qualitative data are observations made with your senses, and Quantitative data are measurements
False
True
12
What type of nuclear division takes place in somatic cells?
interphase
cytokinesis
meiosis
mitosis
13
Proteins and made up of polypeptide chains. Polypeptide chains are composed of
tRNA
mRNA
amino acids
rRNA
14
Where is the hereditary information in a eukaryotic cell stored?
lysosomes
cytoplasm
nucleus
centrioles
15
When you perspire on a hot, humid day, drinking water will restore in your body.
oxygen
proteins
substances
homeostasis
16
6 km= _ m
60 m
600 m
0.6 m
6000 m
17
What are 2 structures that are in plants cells but are not found in animal cells?
mitochondria and ribosomes
nuceolus and ER
cell membrane and centrioles
cell wall and plastids
18
How are scientific questions answered?
by making educated guess only
by researching the topic and analyzing experiments of others
through observation, testing, and analysis
through experimentation only
19
Adenine bonds with Thymine and Cytosine bonds with Guanine in DNA
False
True
20
A eukaryotic cell does not have a true nucleus.
True
False
21
How are theories developed?
by making observations with the five senses
through scientific predictions
through many consistent and supportable tests
by thinking of one scientific hypothesis
22
What is an example of a coenzyme?
carbon
chlorine
ATP
iron
23
What are two major divisions of the kingdom Plantae?
monocots and dicots
gymnosperms and angiosperms
vascular and non-vascular
mosses and ferns
24
Strawberries have been created to resist the harmful effects frost. This is application of what
genetic Engineering
gene therapy
protein injections
DNA fingerprinting
25
Identify the statement below that can be answered in a scientific way.
Romaine lettuce is more nutritious than iceberg lettuce.
Apples are more delicious than pears.
Diamonds are the most valuable substance on earth.
Snails are beautiful invertebrates.
26
The movement of substances into and out of a cell without the use of energy is called
endocytosis
passive transport
active transport
exocytosis
27
Ocean currents move in different directions in differnt hemispheres. This is called
the Equatorial Force
the Centripetal Force
the Doppler Effect
the Coriolis Effect
28
Lions are carnivores and are considered a _ in the energy cycle.
primary consumer
top consumer
provider
decomposer
29
Which of the following is the last step in protein synthesis?
stop codon binds to the ribosome &the polypetide is released
mRNA bonds to tRNA
tRNA bonds to an amino acid in the cytoplasm
DNA unravels to expose a gene segment
30
If an individual inherits two of the same allele, either both dominant or both recessive.
heterozygous
mutated
phenotypic
homozygous
31
What are the effects of genetic drift and gene flow?
change in DNA replication patterns
change in gene occurrances
change in vision acuity
change in organism size
32
Two completely unrelated marine organisms have fins. What term best describes this situation?
homologous
analogous
vestigial
coincidence
33
What are structures that support and give shape to plant cells?
nucleus
microbodies
Golgi appartus
cell walls
34
What is not used as evidence to support evolution?
internal skeleton
genetic similarity
embryonic development
fossil record
35
What is the best example of natural insulation?
flowers
water vapor
stiches
feathers
36
Kilograms are a unit of measurement for
mass
volume
height
size
37
What does RNA (tRNA) carry?
the nucleotide bases to the mRNA
an amino acid to the cytoplasm
an amino acid to the ribosome
the mRNA to the ribosome
38
Predict a cross of a homozygous green with homozygous yellow parent. Yellow is dominant.
all green
some yellow some green
neither yellow nor green
all yellow
39
How does biotechnology use viruses or bacteria?
a carrier to insert a desired DNA segment into an organism
to copy a specific antigen
to respond to and destroy cancer cells in humans
to produce proteins for human consumption
40
Which mechanism of heat transfer has the most effect on heating the atmosphere of Earth?
solar winds
radiation
convection
conduction
41
What is a hypothesis?
a natural phenomena
a scientific experiment
something seen or heard
an educated guess
42
A prokaryotic cell does not have a true nucleus.
False
True
43
Which taxonomic classification below contain the fewest organisms?
kingdom
class
family
order
44
Which type of thermal energy transfer best describes how the surface of the Earth is
radiation
conduction
solar wind
convection
45
If two organisms evolve in response to each other, which evolutionary pattern is demonstrated?
coevolution
divergent evolution
emigration
convergent evolution
46
In first part of nitrogen cycle,a plant coverts the nitrogen in the soil to what other compound
fertilizer
ammonia
nitrates
plant protein
47
Which group of animals can reproduce asexually?
amphibians
fish
invertebrates
vertebrates
48
Which trait is likely to be inherited in an incomplete way?
hair color
tongue shape
ear lobe attachment
eye shape
49
How should you pick up a piece of hot glassware?
with a spatula
with the sleeve of your shirt
with heat-resistant gloves
with bare hands
50
Ideas about evolution
only involve animals
may change based on new data
have already been thought
are perfect and need no refinement
51
If an individual inherits one dominant allele and one recessive allele, what is the genotype?
recessive
homozygous
heterozygous
phenotype
52
Which of the following is used as a source of heat in the laboratory?
gasoline
thermostat
Bunsen burner
thermometer
53
Which organism has the most available energy?
tree
goat
cricket
lion
54
Which cellular component is instrumental in maintain homeostasis?
cilia
ribosome
cell membrane
cytoplasm
55
Select the freezing point of water on the Kelvin temperature scale.
32 K
273.15 K
-273.15 K
0 K
56
Which of the following phrases contains quantitative data?
Seeds sprout more quickly when it is warm.
Green leaves surround white flowers.
Water evaporated at a rate of 2mL per minute.
Ricky's football jersey is number 85.
57
What are ribosomes made of?
rRNA
protein
mRNA
tRNA
58
This is usually the factor that the experimenter is measuring or counting.
control variable
dependent variable
independent variable
59
Which has specific makings for measurement and is used to accurately measure liquid volume?
graduated cylinder
rule
beaker
test tube
60
A(n) is a group of different tissues that work together to perform a certain function.
organelle
organ
cell
organ system
61
Which kingdom below contains eukaryotic cells surrounded by a cell wall?
plantae
animalia
fungi
both A and B
62
What process divides the cytoplasm of the cell?
cytokinesis
chromosomes
chromatids
interphase
63
35 mg = _m
3.5 g
0.035 g
0.35 g
0.0035 g
64
Which of the following is not a part of the cell theory?
All cells come from other living cells
Cells are the basic unit of all living things.
All cell are multicellular
All living things are made of cells
65
Which of the following is an example of how organisms maintain homeostasis?
a crow learning to retrieve a food reward
a human skivering in cold weather
finches in the Galapagos developing different types of beaks
a damaged skin cell dividing into two newer skin cells
66
Identify a piece of equipment used to measure mass.
caliper
graduated cylinder
triple-beam balance
spring scale
67
Which of the following is true about the mitochondrion of a cell?
it has no membrane
it has only one membrane
it is where cellular respiration occurs
it is circular
68
Nitrogen makes up _ of the atmosphere?
92%
25%
33%
78%
69
Uracil takes the place of Adenine in RNA
True
False
70
The Earth is
warmest in Jun
warmest at the equator
warmest at the poles
warmest in August
71
Hoe does an endoplasmic reticulum function for cells?
digests wastes
makes DNA
stores water
transports proteins
72
Snakes are always carnivores. At what trophic level do snakes belong?
secondary consumer
producer
decomposer
primary consumer
73
What is not an identifying characteristic of vertebrates?
nerves
gill slits
endoskeleton
notoschord
74
What factors are changed or manipulated during the experiment?
independent variables
control variables
dependent variables
75
What are enzymes?
catalysts used by living things
chemicals used to increase activation energy
fats used by living things to speed up chemical reactions
catalyst used in all reactions
76
The Sun's radiation is most pronounced when it strikes at
the equator
the Artic Circle
the prime meridian
the Tropic of Capricorn
77
What is activation energy?
The amount of energy found at the end of a chem reaction.
The amount of energy required to start a chemical reaction.
amount of energy released by enzymes during a chem reaction.
amount of energy used to convert a cofactor into a coenzyme
78
Solution surrounding a cell has a lower con of solutes than inside the cell,causing it to swell
hypertonic
passive
hypotonic
active
79
The water-saving thick skin of a cactus is a(n) _ characteristic.
sensitive
metabolic
adaptive
reproductive
80
Protein synthesis begins with the manufacture of a molecule of
rRNA
tRNA
mRNA
nucleotide
81
Which of the following is not a characteristic of life?
transport
sensitivity
reproduction
homeostasis
82
A _ is a type of cell that has a true nucleus.
eukaryote
prokaryote
bacterium
virus
83
The movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from an area of higher H₂O con to lower
active transport
osmosis
hypotonic
diffusion
84
During translation, adenine on mRNA will pair with which base on tRNA?
uracil
guanine
thymine
cytosine
85
Which kingdom below contains organisms that are not made up of eukaryotic cells?
eubacteria
fungi
plantae
animalia
86
Which food would an herbivore always avoid?
grass
clover
pine nuts
worms
87
In order to be classified as living, an organism must have
ability to photosynthesize & the eliminate waste products
a heart and lungs
the ability to nourish itself, grow and reproduce
a true nucleus and nuclear membrane
88
What type of cell has a flagellum on its surface?
a diseased cell
a plant cell
a viral cell
an animal cell
89
What are stem cells?
cells that can produce any type of offspring cell
found only in plant cells
cells that contain stem structures used in reproduction
haploid cells that can produce any type of offspring cell
90
What modern technology aids scientist in determining evolutionary relationships among organisms
DNA
cross breeding
fossil record
X-ray
91
Which cell part stores extra raw materials?
cell membrane
nucleus
ribosome
vacuole
92
How long have humans use biotechnology to create organism with desirable characteristics?
only in the last 10 years
only in the last 50 years
for hundreds of years
for millions of years
93
Which organelle is the site of protein synthesis?
plastid
mitochondrion
nucleolus
ribosome
94
DNA can make exact copies of itself. What is this process known as?
translation
transcription
duplication
replication
95
A type of cell has several compartments surrounded by membranes. What type of cell must it be?
bacterial
prokartyotic
eukaryotic
semi selective
96
What is the mRNA strand to this DNA strand ATT GCC TCT CTA CAG?
TTA CGC AGA GAT CTC
UAA CGG AGA GAU GUC
UAA CGG AGA GAU GTC
UAA CGG AGA GAU GUT
97
All body cells, except the sperm and the ova are __ cells.
germ
somatic
reproductive
spindle
98
What is the combination of inherited alleles called?
genotype
phenotype
heterozygote
Punnett Square
99
More water goes in through a cell membrane that out of it. What type of solution is around it?
hypertonic
permeable
hypotonic
isotonic
100
When dissecting you should always cut towards your body.
False
True
101
What factors do not affect enzyme function?
pH
temperature
amount of UV light
amount of substrate

BIOLOGY EOC Review Pt 1 Flashcards | StudBud