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Geology Unit Test Review
Geology Unit Test Review
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Geology Unit Test Review
Flashcards
49 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is a mold?
when the hole left over fills up with sediment and hardens
a hole left over in a rock when an organism decays
shows us how the organism lived (example: footprints)
2
What is an active volcano?
a weak spot in the crust
sleeping, no longer erupting but is likely to erupt in the future
erupting or showing signs of eruption
3
What happens at a transform boundary?
two plates slide past one another.
two plates move away from eachother.
two plates come together
4
What is convection?
Hot fluids rising & cold fluids sinking. Cycle gives energy inside Earth.
two plates moving together.
cold fluids rise, hot fluids sink.
the broken pieces of Earth’s crust that move
5
What is Latitude?
the distance East and West of the Prime Meridian
distance across the center of the Earth
the distance North and South of the Equator
6
What is a trace fossil?
Shows us how the organism lived (example: footprints)
When the hole left over fills up with sediment and hardens.
A hole left over in a rock when an organism decays.
7
What forms a divergent boundary?
rivers form.
Seafloor spreading occurs here and new ocean floor is made. Volcano activty
Subduction zones, 1 plates sinks below another,volcanoes form.Earthquakes.
8
What is a cast?
shows us how the organism lived (example: footprints)
when the hole left over fills up with sediment and hardens
a hole left over in a rock when an organism decays
9
What is the Prime Meridian?
show locations on Earth using latitude and longitude
DO NOT always form at plate boundaries
line that runs horizontally through the middle of Earth
line that runs vertically down Earth
10
When do metamorphic rocks form?
form when magma or lava cools
form when sediments are squeezed and glued together
form from heat and pressure deep within Earth
11
What is the Fault?
Point inside Earth where earthquake energy is released
the point on the surface of Earth, above the focus
crack in Earth’s crust
12
What is a dormant volcano?
sleeping, no longer erupting
erupting or showing signs of eruption
a weak spot in the crust
sleeping, no longer erupting but is likely to erupt in the future
13
What is the Equator?
the distance East and West of the Prime Meridian
line that runs horizontally through the middle of Earth
line that runs vertically down Earth
the distance North and South of the Equator
14
What is ice wedging?
Temp. is below freezing, cracks in rock fill w/ water. Makes crack bigger.
the broken pieces of Earth’s crust that move
when rocks move slowly downhill
rock gets bigger.
15
What does the
Mercator Projection map
show?
spreads out and distorts (changes shape) land near the poles
most accurately shows the shapes and sizes of the continents
16
What is weathering?
mix of weathered rocks, organic matter, water and air that lets plants grow
breaking down of rocks and other materials on Earth’s surface
the removal and break down of rock by wind, water, ice and gravity
when wind or water make the surfaces of rocks round and smooth
17
What are the EVIDENCES for Continental Drift?
rock slides, mud slides, fossil clues
climate clues, mud slides, fossil clues, erosion
fossil clues, rock clues, climate clues,continents fit together like puzzle
fossil clues, rock slides, erosion, abrasion
18
What was Wegeners BIG question for continental drift?
HOW did they move?
WHO moved them?
WHERE did they move to?
19
What happens at a convergent boundary?
two plates come together
two plates move away from eachother.
two plates slide past one another.
20
What does the word: COMPOSITION mean?
what something is made of
how something looks under a microscope
how something feels and looks
21
What is a mineral?
made up of two or more minerals
when the hole left over fills up with sediment and hardens
inorganic, solid found in nature
a hole left over in a rock when an organism decays
22
What are tectonic plates?
when wind or water make the surfaces of rocks round and smooth
the broken pieces of Earth’s crust that move
breaking down of rocks and other materials on Earth’s surface
23
What is Longitude?
the distance East and West of the Prime Meridian
the distance North and South of the Equator
24
There is no movement in tectonic plates.
True
False
25
What is an extinct volcano?
a weak spot in the crust
sleeping, no longer erupting
dead and will most likely NOT erupt again
erupting or showing signs of eruption
26
What happens at a divergent boundary?
two plates come together
two plates move away from eachother.
two plates slide past one another.
27
Tectonic plates move.
True
False
28
When rocks creep they:
grow legs and walk.
move uphill.
move slowly downhill
29
What is the theory of Continental Drift?
the continents move back and forth fast.
the continent have now moved and are still in the form of Pangea.
the continents have slowly moved to their current location.
30
Maps DO NOT show locations on Earth using latitude and longitude
False
True
31
What is carbon film?
When the carbon from a dead organism is left over like a print on a rock.
When the hole left over fills up with sediment and hardens
Shows us how the organism lived (example: footprints)
The removal and break down of rock by wind, water, ice and gravity
32
What is the Focus?
Point inside Earth where earthquake energy is released
crack in Earth’s crust
the point on the surface of Earth, above the focus
33
What is a plain (landform)?
flat, grassy land with lots of area for grazing animals
a steep area of land
landform with a high elevation and a flat top
34
When does sedimentary rocks form?
form when magma or lava cools
Form when sediments are compressed and cemented together.
35
What does the word: TEXTURE mean?
how something looks underneath a microscope
what something is made of
how something feels and looks
36
What forms at a transform boundary?
Seafloor spreading occurs here and new ocean floor is made.
Earthquakes and tsunamis occur
Subduction zones, 1 plates sinks below another,volcanoes form.
37
What is a plateau?
landform with a high elevation and a flat top
a steep area of land.
flat, grassy land with lots of area for grazing animals
38
Most fossils are found in sedimentary rock.
False
True
39
What is a volcano?
inorganic, solid found in nature
a weak spot in the crust
show locations on Earth
a weak spot in the crust where magma comes to the surface
40
What is seaflood spreading?
the cycle of hot fluids rising and cold fluids sinking.
Magma rises at mid ocean ridges, flows to side, creates new seafloor & rock
When magma goes back inside of Earth's crust.
41
What is Erosion?
when wind or water make the surfaces of rocks round and smooth
mix of weathered rocks, organic matter, water and air that lets plants grow
The removal and break down of rock by wind, water, ice and gravity
42
What is Soil?
the removal and break down of rock by wind, water, ice and gravity
when rocks move slowly downhill
when wind or water make the surfaces of rocks round and smooth
mix of weathered rocks, organic matter, water and air that lets plants grow
43
When do igneous rocks form?
form when an earthquake occurs.
form when magma or lava cools.
44
What does the
Robinson Projection map
show?
spreads out and distorts (changes shape) land near the poles
most accurately shows the shapes and sizes of the continents
45
What is Abrasion?
breaking down of rocks and other materials on Earth’s surface
when the carbon from a dead organism is left over like a print on a rock
when rocks move slowly downhill
when wind or water make the surfaces of rocks round and smooth
46
Hot spots
DO NOT always form at plate boundaries
False
True
47
What forms at a convergent boundary?
Subduction zones, 1 plates sinks below another,volcanoes form.Earthquakes.
Rivers form.
Seafloor spreading occurs here and new ocean floor is made. Volcano activty
48
What is the epicenter?
Point inside Earth where earthquake energy is released
the point on the surface of Earth, above the focus
crack in Earth's crust
49
What is a rock?
made up of two or more minerals
crack in Earth’s crust
form when magma or lava cools
inorganic, solid found in nature
