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Quarter 4
Quarter 4
71 terms
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StudBud Administration
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-Ecology -Environmental Hazards -Toxicology
Flashcards
71 cards
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Questions
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Answers
1
Aspirin has an LD50 of 400mg/kg. How many 500mg asprin tablets would be lethal to a 15-pound human baby?
5-6 tablets
9-10 tablets
3-4
7-8 tablets
2
Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) has an oral LD50 of 1910mg/kg. How many grams of THC is lethal for a body weight of 130lb?
11,2863 g
112.863 g
112,863 g
1128.63 g
3
A subcellular structure that has one or more specific jobs to perform within cells.
Molecules
Organelles
Atoms
Tissues
4
________ prevent specific viruses from infecting your body by providing immunity.
Antidotes
Antiobiotics
Vaccines
Antiviral medications
5
A symbiotic relationship where one benefits and the other is unaffected.
coevolution
parasitism
commensalism
mutualism
6
The measurement of an amount of drug it takes to produce the target pharmacological effect.
Toxicity
Efficacy (EC50)
Potency
Response
7
A group of cells that possess similar structure and perform specific functions.
Tissue
Organelles
Molecules
Organs
8
A danger or risk can also be known as a
probability
toxicity
hazard
reward
9
The
temporary
movement of a population from one area to another is called...
immigration
importation
emigration
migration
10
Soil, air, water, and food contamination are examples of _______ hazards.
biological
toxic
lifestyle
chemical
11
Regulates metabolic growth, sex characteristics, and behavior by hormones released through a complex network of glands.
The immune system
The endocrine system
The lymphatic system
The cardiovascular system
12
The smallest units that can live on their own and make up all living organisms and tissues of the body.
Molecules
Organelles
Organs
Cells
13
Inland Taipan venom has an LD50 of 0.03mg/kg. What is the LD50 of this venom for a 100lb human?
136 mg
1.36 mg
13.6 mg
13.6 g
14
A ________ hazard can include exposure to pathogens.
physical
chemical
cultural
biological
15
The birth rate minus death rate divided by the initial population size gives you the ___ of a population.
growth rate
population density
population growth
demography
16
The treatment of bacterial infections requires the administration of
antidotes
antiparasitic medications
antibiotics
antiviral medications
17
What are two ways that populations can
decrease?
immigration and death
death and emigration
birth and immigration
birth and migration
18
An ecosystem contains these features:
biotic and abiotic
abiotic only
biotic only
19
A group of similar individuals living together within a specific area is called a...
population
ecosystem
species
community
20
An interaction in which one species kills and consumes another for energy.
Intraspecific competition
Predation
Parasitism
Prey
21
_______ can cause instantaneous paralysis and/or rapid necrosis of muscle cell and muscle tissue.
Myotoxins
Hemotoxins
Neurotoxins
Cytotoxins
22
A community includes these features:
abiotic only
biotic only
abiotic and biotic
23
________ can cause generalized necrosis (cell death) or can stop cells from growing and dividing normally.
Neurotoxins
Myotoxins
Cytoxins
Hemotoxins
24
A ______ hazard can include the lack of education, poverty, crime, inequality, famine, and war.
lifestyle
cultural
social
neighborhood
25
A ______ hazard includes natural disasters, predation and accidents in the environment.
meteorological
lifestyle
physical
independent
26
___________ are meant to treat viruses that have already entered the body by slowing down the infection process.
Antiviral medications
Antacids
Antiobiotics
Vaccines
27
The decisions about whether and how to reduce hazards is called
risk management
risk assessment
risky business
a risk
28
A reservoir that includes any part of Earth where life can exist.
Biosphere
Lithosphere
Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
29
The probability of one’s health being harmed by a hazard that can cause injury, disease, or death is
risk management
toxicity
risk assessment
a risk
30
Arsenic has an LD50 of 15mg/kg. How many grams of arsenic is toxic to an individual who weighs 165 lbs?
1,125 g
1.125 g
11.25 g
112.5 g
31
Which one of the following is NOT a density-independent limiting factor of population?
Meteor impacts
Natural disasters
Pollution
Waste accumulation
32
The measure of the ability of a substance to cause injury, illness, or death.
Danger profile
Potency
Toxicity
Risk
33
The study of the distribution and the factors of disease in human populations using statistics is called
hazardology
toxicology
virology
epidemiology
34
The treatment of fungal infections requires the administration of
antifungal medications
antiparasitic medications
antivenoms
antibiotics
35
The competition for resources within a
single
species is known as
Mutualistic
Intraspecific
Interspecific
Predatory
36
Malnutrition, overnutrition, smoking, drug/substance abuse are considered _______
biological dependencies
cultural upbringings
unhealthy lifestyle choices
genetic disorders
37
A term that means more people are living in cities rather than in rural areas.
ruralization
urbanization
ecological succession
population distribution
38
This biological system is responsible for producing antibodies to protect from disease and harmful substances.
nervous
immune
endocrine
cardiovascular
39
What are two ways that populations can
increase?
death and emigration
birth and immigration
birth and migration
birth and emigration
40
A(n)_______________ is a group of individuals that interbreed and produce fertile offspring.
organism
individual
species
community
41
Certain viruses, some types of radiation, and chemicals that can cause cancer are called
mutagens
carcinogens
toxins
teratogens
42
An outbreak of disease that has spread over multiple countries or continents.
Endemic
Pandemic
Epidemic
Global outbreak
43
A disease that does not get passed on to others is called
nontransmissible
communicable
contagious
noncommunicable
44
Ethanol has an LD50 of 7,060mg/kg. How many grams would be lethal for an individual who weighs 115 lbs?
369.045 mg
369 g
369,045 g
369 mg
45
The largest population size that a given population can sustainably support without straining resources is known as its
logistic growth
exponential growth
carrying capacity
limiting factors
46
Chemicals that harm and cause birth defects, in which genetic changes can pass on to the next generation
teratogens
mutagens
hard illegal drugs
carcinogens
47
A symbiotic relationship where one benefits and the other is harmed.
Commensalism
Predation
Parasitism
Mutualism
48
The amount of a substance an individual injects, ingests, inhales, or absorbs through skin.
The lethal dose (LD50)
The parts per million (ppm)
The dose (mg)
The threshold dose (LOAEL)
49
The reaction or damage resulting from exposure to a chemical.
Potency
Response
Lethality
Toxicity
50
Substances that harm the nervous system. (behavioral changes, learning disabilities, paralysis, coma, death)
Neurotoxins
Myotoxins
Hemotoxins
Cyotoxins
51
The study of how organisms interact with each other and their environment is called:
paleontology
zoology
biology
ecology
52
The study of the adverse effects of chemical or biological exposure.
epidemiology
toxicology
hazardology
toxicity
53
The amount of a substance that kills at least 50% of the test population exposed to the substance is called the
LD50
Mortality rate
Lethal Dose
Toxic Dose
54
A broad collection of ecosystems in which organisms adapted to specific climates.
Biome
Community
Ecosystem
Biosphere
55
Chemicals or forms of radiation that cause or increase genetic mutations
mutagens
estrogens
teratogens
carcinogens
56
All species interactions: competition for resources, predation, parasitism, mutualism and commensalism are examples of
density-independent limiting factors
limiting carrying capactiy
limiting resources
density-dependent limiting factors
57
The minimum dose of drug that triggers minimal detectable biological effects in an animal.
Target Pharmacological Dose
Lethal Dose
Effective Dose
Threshold Dose
58
The use of statistics to estimate harm from a hazard is know as
epidemiology
a risk
risk assessment
risk management
59
The smallest unit of specific elements and matter in the universe.
Organelles
Atoms
Cells
Molecules
60
When populations of two different species interact over a long period of time, it can influence genetic changes. This is
coevolution
commensalism
mutualism
ecological succession
61
A group of organs that work together to perform one or more specific functions.
Organelles
Organ system
Organs
Tissues
62
The competition among
different
species is known as
Intraspecific
Interspecific
Predation
Parasitism
63
A combination of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds.
Molecules
Tissues
Cells
Organelles
64
The study of statistics such as births, deaths, income, disease incidence, and changing structure of human populations.
Anthropology
Population Statistics
Population Density
Demography
65
An infectious disease that
can
be passed from one person to another is called
nontransmissible
noncommunicable
transmissible
noncontagious
66
A symbiotic relationship where two species interact in ways that benefit both species?
Commensalism
Mutualism
Coevolution
Parasitism
67
________ destroy red blood cells, disrupt blood clotting, and/or cause organ degeneration and tissue damage.
Neurotoxins
Myotoxins
Cytotoxins
Hemotoxins
68
An ______ is a collection of tissues that specialize in performing a particular function.
Organelle
Atom
Organ system
Organ
69
A disease outbreak that affects a large number of people within a community, population, or region.
Epidemiology
Epidemic
Endemic
Pandemic
70
Any biological microorganism that can cause disease is known as a
parasite
virus
pathogen
bacteria
71
The average number of years an organism is estimated to live is called the
carry capacity
age limit
age structure
life expectancy
