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2025 Biology STAAR Review Flashcards | StudBud
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2025 Biology STAAR Review
2025 Biology STAAR Review
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Answers
1
What are the complementary bases in DNA?
Thymine- Uracil / Cytosine-Guanine
Adenine- Thymine / Cytosine- Guanine
Adenine- Guanine / Cytosine- Thymine
2
location where energy (ATP) is created during Cellular Respiration
chloroplast
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Mitochondria
3
Characteristics of Prokaryotes:
have membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus
no membrane-bound organelles or nucleus
4
Which of these is the correct order for Protein Synthesis?
Translation→ Transcription
DNA To mRNA (Transcription) → mRNA to protein (Translation)
RNA → DNA → Protein
Protein-->DNA-->RNA
5
Nonliving particle, invades living cell to reproduce, made of genetic material and protein coat (capsid)
Animal
Virus
Bacteria
6
Does this process require energy or not?
No energy required; molecules go from HIGH to LOW concentration
No energy required; molecules go from LOW to HIGH concentration
Energy required; molecules go from HIGH to LOW concentration
Energy required; molecules go from LOW to HIGH concentration
7
Which structure is part of the Respiratory AND Digestive System
bronchi & alveoli
trachea(windpipe)
pharynx(throat)
8
How is information for a specific protein carried on this molecule?
As a sequence of nucleotides
In the double-helix shape of the condensed chromosome
As a pattern of phosphates and sugars
In the ratio of adenines to thymines
9
If the brown beetle leaves to mate with the green beetle it would increase genetic diversity.
gene flow
genetic drift
non-random mating
natural selection
10
Cellular Respiration:
happens in Ribosome
happens in chloroplast
oxygen is required
carbon dioxide is required
11
What is the term for your body staying balanced and equal?
equal
catalyst
metabolism
homeostasis
12
Which of these is a mutualistic relationship?
Wolf and a rabbit
leech and a human
Cow and a goat
Butterfly and a flower
13
Changing shape of the cell membrane requires ATP. What type of transport is here?
passive transport
active transport
14
What process is modeled below?
Replication
Translation
Mitosis
Transcription
15
What two body systems work together to keep your body at homeostasis by preventing infection
nervous & endocrine
integumentary & immune
digestive & circulatory
endocrine & reproductive
16
Flexible barrier, controls what enters and exits the cell, made of lipids
Cell Membrane
DNA
Mitochondria
cell wall
17
XY in location 23
karyotype of a male
karyotype of a female
Can not determine
18
How would you distinguish between a prokaryote and a eukaryote?
Euk-Larger and contains organelles
Pro- No nucleus and larger
Euk-No nucleus and smaller
Pro- Larger and contains organelles
19
What biomolecule is not listed on this food label?
Protein
Carbohydrate
Lipid
Nucleic Acid
20
What function do bacteria have that is HELPFUL to the environment?
Illness
Decomposers
Yogurt
Digestion
21
Mono
mer of a Protein
Polypeptide
Amino acid
Monosaccharide
22
What is the purpose of the glycoproteins on this HIV virus?
Provide support for the cell
Help obtain food
Used for defense
Used for attachment
23
Two types of
vascular tissue
in plants are
veins and arteries
Leaves and Ovaries
Xylem and Phloem
24
A virus is currently making more viruses and the host is showing symptoms. What cycle is it in?
Binary
Lysogenic
Mitosis
Lytic
25
Fill in the blank: Mitosis makes___________and Meiosis makes__________
egg cells; sperm cells
somatic cells; Gametes
sperm cells; egg cells
gametes; somatic cells
26
Human body cells have 46 chromosomes in their nuclei. Meiosis ensures that the cells have-
46 chromosomes
12 chromosomes
23 chromosomes
92 chromosomes
27
Who is the secondary consumer?
Python
Eagle
Frog
Grasshopper
28
When humans eat it needs to move through 900cm worth of organs. What 2 systems are working?
digestive and muscular
muscular and excretory
skeletal and nervous
excretory and digestive
29
Fleas and Dogs show what type of ecological relationship?
Parasitism
Commensalism
Predation
Mutualism
30
The male reproductive organ composed of the filament and the anther
carpal (pistil)
stigma
ovary
stamen
31
What is the oldest layer in this rock layer?
A
D
C
B
32
Similarities in embryo development suggests evidence of a :
cross breeding
common ancestor
Hybrid species
33
What biomolecule is made up of a carbohydrate and phosphate?
Lipid
Only Carbohydrates
Protein
Nucleic Acid
34
Which of these is a phenotype?
AA
black hair
35
how does a deletion mutation change the rest of the mRNA strand
only changes one amino acid
It shifts the reading frame of the codons
36
If brown eyes are dominant to blue, what would be the result of crossing two heterozygotes?
100% blue eyes
75% brown 25% blue
75% blue 25% brown
50% blue 50% brown
37
Skin, muscle, and stomach cells all have the same DNA but different functions. What process allows this?
Genetic drift
DNA replication
Gene expression
Genetic variation
38
What is natural selection?
survival of the fittest
individuals leave and start a new population
39
What is the genotype of the parents?
1 heterozygous and 1 homozygous
Both heterozygous
Both homozygous dominant
Both recessive
40
We use nucleotide sequences to compare organisms & this is possible because all organisms share
Organelles
Cells
Nuclei
DNA Bases
41
Quick source of energy, contains CHO
lipid
nucleic acid
carbohydrate
protein
42
Examine the DNA nucleotide below. What is represented by A?
deoxyribose
nitrogen base
ribose
phosphate
43
The stomata's response by CLOSING would most likely be caused by-
little available water
a reduced supply of oxygen
long periods of rainfall
high concentration of glucose
44
Makes Proteins in the cell
Ribosome
Golgi body
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
45
What is this step of Mitosis called?
prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
telophase
46
location that transcription occurs (mRNA copies segment of DNA)
mitochondria
cytoplasm
nucleus
ribosome
47
Fill in the blanks: Active Transport______________ and Passive Transport________________
requires energy; does not require energy
does not use a protein; does use a protein
Does not require energy; requires energy
is osmosis; is diffusion
48
What is the purpose of crossing-over?
Making energy
Genetic variation
Identical cells
Making proteins
49
A plant that contains chlorophyll produces glucose from which of the following?
ATP and H2O
CO2 and O2
CO2 and H2O
O2 and ATP
50
What are the products of cellular respiration?
Oxygen, glucose
Carbon dioxide, ATP, water
Carbon dioxide, water
oxygen, ATP
51
Transcribe and Translate TAC AGG GTG
met pro his
met phe his
met ser his
met leu his
52
What type of Osmosis is occurring from left to right
hypertonic, isotonic, hypotonic
isotonic, hypertonic, hypotonic
hypotonic, isotonic, hypertonic
53
What happens in the S phase of the Cell Cycle
the cell grows
the cell divides
the DNA is split
the amount of DNA doubles
54
What type of response it this plant showing?
photosynthesis
phototropism
gravitropism
thigmotropism
55
What is the internal transport of water, minerals, and food in plants?
Xylem and Phloem
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Stomata
56
Which organisms can be Tertiary Consumers?
Hawk and snake
Owl and mouse
mouse and rabbit
Insect-eating bird and snake
57
What happens during the Synthesis phase of the cell cycle?
cytoplasm divides
DNA Replication
The cell grows
nucleus divides
58
All cells in your body...
Have cilia and flagella
Have the same function
Contain a complete set of DNA
Have a cell wall
59
Parrotfish swim with rabbitfish for protection and the parrotfish does not mind.
Predation
Mutualism
Commensalism
Parasitism
60
A
multicellular
autotroph with a cell wall made of cellulose?
Animals
Prokaryotes
Plants
Eukaryotes
61
A characteristic that improves an individuals ability to survive and reproduce in a particular environment
Adaptation
Mutation
Competition
Predation
62
What is true about incomplete dominance?
Dominant masks recessive
Speckled
heterozygous will show both alleles
Heterozygous will show mixture of the two alleles
63
Oxygen and CO
2
transport throughout your body is an example of what
2
systems working together?
muscular and skeletal
Respiratory and circulatory
nervous and immune
Immune and circulatory
64
What is an
RNA
nucleotide made up of?
Phosphate, Ribose, A-U C-G
Phosphate, Deoxyribose, A-T C-G
65
Anaerobic
Respiration occurs..
with oxygen; in mitochondria
no oxygen present; in cytoplasm
66
What is natural selection?
survival of the fittest
new genes in a gene pool
individuals leave and start a new population
every gene in a population
67
Which of the these is a genotype?
long hair
Aa
68
How many traits do the salamander and the turtle share?
2
3
5
4
69
Which is
not
true about viruses?
Viruses are alive
Viruses do not obtain energy
Viruses require a host cell
Viruses are not made of cells
70
Viruses can inject their DNA into the host cell's DNA and go dormant. What type of infection cycle is this?
lysogenic cycle
lytic cycle
71
Uncontrolled cell division; formation of tumors
Allergies
Cancer
Translation
Interphase
72
How many codons will the follow mRNA strand produce? AUGACCUAU
3
none
9
1
73
A mutation that causes less-mature cells to divide too rapidly, aka uncontrollable mitosis
Meiosis
Silent Mutation
Cancer
Tay-Sachs
74
Which characteristic do Kingdom Fungi and Kingdom Plantae share?
Multicellular
Mobile
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
75
A type of protein that speeds up reactions
Amino Acids
Enzyme
substrate
76
What cellular process enables cells to divide and make more tissue?
mitosis
binary fission
cellular respiration
meiosis
77
What role do bacteria and fungi play in the food web?
Producers
Primary Consumers
Decomposers
Secondary Consumers
78
What are the reactants of Photosynthesis?
Carbon dioxide, ATP, water
oxygen, carbohydrates
carbon dioxide, water, sunlight
carbon dioxide, carbohydrates
79
What type of mutation would not affect the amino acid chain therefore making the same protein?
Silent
Frameshift
Deletion
Insertion
80
What part of the flower receives the pollen and is the location of fertilization?
Filament
Anther
Sepals
Pistil
