Characteristics of nonvascular plants.

Without transportation tissue, Generally small and limited to damp habitats, Examples: moss, liverworts, No xylem, no phloem

Characteristics of fleshy fruits.

3 layers in most, Thickened ovary wall, Examples: orange, apple

Female parts of a flower.

Carpel, Ovary and ovule, Style and stigma, Pollen tube

Defining trait for alveolates (dinoflagellates, ciliates).

Membrane-enclosed sac (avelous)

Monocots vs dicots seed.

Monocot has one cotyledon, Dicot has 2 cotyledon

Examples of adaptations to life on land.

Vascular tissues, Development of seeds, flowers, and fruits, Shift from homosporous to heterosporous, Openings in epidermis (stomata) for gas exchange

Charactertistics of diatoms (Stramenopiles).

Cell wall composed of silica plates, 2 flagella: one hairy, one smooth

Characteristics of heterosporus.

Megaspore (female gametophyte), Microspore (male gametophyte)

Charactertistics of oomycte (Stramenopiles).

Example: achyla, 2 flagella: one hairy, one smooth, Cell wall composed of cellulose, Grows into hyphae similar to fungi

Examples of vascular seedless plants.

Lycophytes, Monilophytes (ferns)

Monocots vs dicots leaf veination.

Monocots have parallel veins, Dicots have net-like veins

Characteristics of gymnosperms.

Example: ovulate and staminate cones, Seed plants without fruit, Usually have some for of cone

Defining trait for Rhizarians (forams and radiolarians).

Tests (shells) >> forams: calcium carbonate; radiolarians: silicia

Defining trait for amoebozoa (amoeba, slime mold).

Lobe-shaped or tubular pseudopodia

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BIOL 112 Lab Midterm Review

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Answers

1
Characteristics of nonvascular plants.
Without transportation tissue
Generally small and limited to damp habitats
Examples: moss, liverworts
No xylem, no phloem
2
Characteristics of fleshy fruits.
3 layers in most
Splits open when ripe
Thickened ovary wall
Examples: orange, apple
3
Female parts of a flower.
Carpel
Ovary and ovule
Style and stigma
Pollen tube
4
Defining trait for alveolates (dinoflagellates, ciliates).
Exhibit both free-living and parasitic lifestyles
Store carbohydrates as starch
Single-celled colonial organisms
Membrane-enclosed sac (avelous)
5
Monocots vs dicots seed.
Monocot has one cotyledon
Dicot has 3 cotyledon
Dicot has 2 cotyledon
Monocot has varying cotyledon
6
Homosporus is a single type of spore >> bisexual gametophyte >> eggs and sperm.
True
False
7
Hardy-Weinberg equation representing allelic frequencies.
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
p2 + q2 = 1
p + q = 1
p - q = 1
8
Examples of adaptations to life on land.
Vascular tissues
Development of seeds, flowers, and fruits
Shift from homosporous to heterosporous
Openings in epidermis (stomata) for gas exchange
9
Identify the following (sphere shaped):
Bacillus bacteria
Coccus bacteria
Achyla
Spirillum bacteria
10
Female structure of the gametophyte (forms/protects egg and site of fertilization).
Staminate
Antheridium
Archegonium
Sporangia
11
Charactertistics of diatoms (Stramenopiles).
Cell wall composed of silica plates
2 flagella: one hairy, one smooth
Contractile vacuole used to remove excess water
All of the above
12
Identify the following:
Moss
Archegonium
None of the above
Sporangium
13
Identify the following:
Fern
Hornworts
Staminate cone
Ovulate cone
14
Identify the following (rod shaped):
Spirillum bacteria
Blepharisma
Bacillus bacteria
Coccus bacteria
15
Identify letter B:
Stigma
Stamen
None of the above
Carpel
16
Defining trait for Supergroup Excavata (euglena).
Heterocysts
Feeding groove
Closest living relatives to land plants
Akinetes
17
When some genotypes are more likely to survive than others.
Gene flow
Mutations
Genetic Drift
Natural selection
18
Occurs when one allele reaches a frequency 1.0 within the population and the other allele is lost.
Migration
Sexual selection
Fixation
Production
19
Seeds protect and nourish an embryo.
True
False
20
Identify the following:
Cylindrospermum
Chlamy
Volvox
Peridinium
21
Derived and shared trait among taxa.
Apomorphy
Autapomorphy
Plesiomorphy
Synapomorphy
22
Identify the following:
Sporangium
Archegonium
Ovulate cone
Antheridium
23
More advanced plants trend toward sporophyte dominance.
True
False
24
Identify the following:
Peridinium
Chlamy
Achyla
Euglena
25
Haploid plant that produces haploid gametes through MITOSIS.
Sporophyte
Gametophyte
26
Hardy-Weinberg is a math model for a sexually reproducing population that is undergoing any kind of evolution.
False
True
27
Identify letter D:
Pedicel
Filament
Phloem
Petal
28
Identify the following:
Forams
Diatoms
Radiolarians
None of the above
29
Identify letter G:
Stamen
Lenticels
Sori
Bract
30
DNA is LESS accraute than physical traits when constructing a phylogeny.
False
True
31
Sporophyte reproductive structures (produce spores which grow into gametophytes).
Ovulate cones
Moss
Fern
Sporangia
32
Allows deleterious alleles to survive due to the hetero genotype having a survival advantage over homozygous genotypes.
Immigration
Heterozygote advantage
Homozygous advantage
Random mating
33
Producing structures are found on the same gametophyte or plant.
Dioecious
Monoecious
34
Characteristics of heterosporus.
Megaspore (female gametophyte)
Megaspore (male gametopyte)
Microspore (male gametophyte)
Microscpore (female gametophyte)
35
Identify letter E:
Carpel
Antler
Cambium
Pores
36
Identify letter C:
Tissue
Anther
Leaves
Pollen
37
Charactertistics of oomycte (Stramenopiles).
Example: achyla
2 flagella: one hairy, one smooth
Cell wall composed of cellulose
Grows into hyphae similar to fungi
38
Identify the following:
Euglena
Peridinium
Blepharisma
Chlamy
39
Examples of vascular seedless plants.
Angiosperms
Lycophytes
Monilophytes (ferns)
Gymnosperms
40
Identify the following:
Amoeba
Blepharisma
Peridinium
Euglena
41
A change in gene frequency from one generation to the next due to simple random chance.
Gene flow
Genetic drift
Predation
Natural Selection
42
Monocots vs dicots leaf veination.
Monocots have no veins
Monocots have parallel veins
Dicots have zig zag veins
Dicots have net-like veins
43
An ______ is species we are currently studying. An ______ is used a reference category.
Ingroup; outgroup
Outgroup; ingroup
44
Characteristics of gymnosperms.
Example: ovulate and staminate cones
Seed plants without fruit
Most primitive
Usually have some for of cone
45
Identify the following:
None of the above
Tilia
Lilium flower bud
Snapdragon flower bud
46
Derived and unique trait (belongs to a single taxon).
Apomorphy
Autapomorphy
Synapomorphy
Plesiomorphy
47
Identify the following:
Amoeba
Achyla
Cylindrospermum
Volvox
48
Defining trait for Rhizarians (forams and radiolarians).
Usually mixotrophic (both autotrophic photosynthesizers and heterotrophic)
Animal parasites
Tests (shells) >> forams: calcium carbonate; radiolarians: silicia
Common in wet habitats
49
Identify the following:
Antheridium
Cone
Lilium flower bud
Tilia
50
Identify the following:
Forams
Radiolarians
Spirogyra
Diatoms
51
Defining trait for amoebozoa (amoeba, slime mold).
Lobe-shaped or tubular pseudopodia
Membrane-enclosed sac (avelous)
All the above
Some are photosynthetic, while others are heterotrophic
52
Monocots vs dicots root system.
Dicots have fibrous roots
Monocots have tap roots
Monocots have fibrous roots
Dicots have tap roots
53
Identify the following:
None of the above
Spirogyra
Volvox
Forams
54
Identify letter A:
Stem
Sepal
Cork
Ovule
55
Examples of vascular seed plants.
Whisk ferns
Clubmosses
Gymnosperms
Angiosperms
56
Characteristics of angiosperms.
Flowering plants
Examples: snapdragons, Tilia, Lilium flower bud
Divided into monocots and dicots
Seeds are encased in an ovary that forms a fruit
57
In the Theory of Endosymbiosis, chloroplasts resulted from the engulfment of...
Endoplasmic reticulum
Nucleus
Cyanobacteria
None of the above
58
Primitive character state.
Autapomorphy
Plesiomorphy
Apomorphy
Synapomorphy
59
Sexual selection acts on an organism’s ability to obtain or successfully copulate with a mate.
False
True
60
Identify letter F:
Peduncle
Stem
Thalamus
Xylem
61
Identify the following:
Leaf
Root system
Tilia
Lilium flower bud
62
Defining trait for bacteria (coccus, bacillus. spirillum, cyano).
None of the above
Cell wall made of peptidoglycan
Feeding groove
Tests (shells)
63
Monocots vs dicots number of flower parts.
Monocots have 1
Dicots have 10
Dicots have 4 or 5
Monocots have multiples of 3
64
Groups of related taxa that diverge from a single lineage.
Sister taxa
Outgroup
Node
Branch
65
Identify the following:
Diatoms
Forams
Radiolarians
Coccus bacteria
66
Characteristics of vascular plants.
Tissues transport water (xylem) and nutrients (phloem)
Example: hortworts
All of the above
Contain lignin in their cell walls, providing stability
67
New, derived character state.
Autapomorphy
Plesiomorphy
Synapomorphy
Apomorphy
68
Which of the follow describes gene flow?
New individuals join the pop from elsewhere bringing new alleles
Individuals from the pop leave taking their alleles with them (emigration)
Allelic frequencies are changed
Genotypic frequencies are changed
69
Male structure of the gametophyte (forms sperm).
Antheridium
Tilia
Archegonium
Cones
70
Examples of nonvascular seedless plants.
Ferns
Moss
Hornworts
Liverworts
71
Characteristics of Supergroup Archaeplastida.
Examples of chlorophyes: chlamy, volvox
Most display an alternation of generations
Example of charophytes: spirogyra
All photosynthetic, fix CO2, store carbohydrates as starch
72
Male parts of a flower.
Sepal
Stamen (anther and filament)
Stem
Petal
73
Traits in diff species which are anatomically diff, serve same function, but evolved independently (convergent evol.).
None of the above
Heterologous structures
Homologous structures
Analogous structures
74
Identify the following:
Plasmodium
Euglena
Chlamy
Blepharisma
75
In the Theory of Endosymbiosis, mitochondria resulted from the engulfment of...
Chloroplasts
Cyanobacteria
Aerobic bacteria
Anaerobic bacteria
76
Hardy-Weinberg equation representing genotypic frequencies.
2pq
p + q = 1
p2 + q2 = 1
p2 + 2pq + q2 = 1
77
Identify the following:
Stem
Root
Ovulate cone
Staminate cone
78
Which of the following are assumptions of Hardy-Weinberg?
Large population size
No mutations and no natural selection
No immigration/emigration
Random mating
79
Producing structures are found on different gametophytes or plants.
Dioecious
Monoecious
80
Identify the following:
Achyla
Cylindrospermum
Spirogyra
Euglena
81
Lycophytes and Monilophytes are sporophyte dominant.
True
False
82
Monocots vs dicots vascular bundle.
Dicots have parallel bundles
Monocots have ringed bundles
Dicots have ringed bundles
Monocots have scattered bundles
83
Identify the following:
Diatoms
Radiolarians
Volvox
Cylindrospermum
84
Calcualte the total magnification if the objectve lens is 10X.
10X
1000X
100X
40X
85
Which of the following descirbes mutation?
Introduction of a new allele into the pop via change of an existing allele
None of the above
Defective alleles are quickly eliminated from the population
Random changes in an allele result in lower fitness for the individual
86
When the sperm nucleus joins with the egg nucleus.
Transporation
Fertilization
Pollination
None of the above
87
The cladogram with the least amount of changes along the tree is parsimonious.
True
False
88
Diploid plant that produces haploid spores through MEIOSIS.
Gametophyte
Sporophyte
89
Occurs when the pollen grain is transferred (by wind or animals) to the part of the seed plant that contains the ovule.
None of the above
Seed formation
Pollination
Fertilization
90
Identify the following (spiral shaped):
Bacillus bacteria
Coccus bacteria
Spirillum bacteria
Amoeba

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