AP Psych Ch. 12

The branch of psychology that studies the patterns of growth and change that occur throughout life.

Maturation of the sex organs occurs at what approximate age for girls?

Jerry is not able to tie his shoes on his own, but he is able to tie his shoes with the help of his father.

Rocking behavior develops before crawling behavior and rocking behavior goes away once crawling behavior begins

Both heredity and environment are important in development.

8 stages of psychosocial development

Theorized a three-level sequence of morals: preconventional, conventional, and postconventional.

Carol Gilligan was critical of Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. What is the basis of her critique?

Lawrence Kohlberg used which of the following techniques to illustrate the stages of his theory?

The point at which a fetus can survive if born prematurely.

Which explains the difference b/w the age that Annette and the age that her great-grandmother experienced menarche?

Suggests that successful aging is characterized by a gradual withdrawal from the world

Theories that suggest that the mechanical functions of the body simply stop working efficiently.

A developing individual from 8 weeks after conception until birth.

After surveying 100 parents, researchers concluded that 90 percent of babies can walk by the age of 10 months.

Suggested women view morality in terms of caring for individuals rather than broad general principles of justice.

Young children master gross motor skills more quickly than fine motor skills.

Environmental agents such as a drug, chemical, virus, or other factor that produce a birth defect.

The process by which people examine and evaluate their lives.

What type of research strategy do developmental psychologists use to get around the cohort effect?

A way of thinking in which a child views the world entirely from his or her own perspective.

Suggests that successful aging is characterized by maintaining the interests and activities of earlier stages of life.

Twins who are genetically identical.

A basic, inborn characteristic way of responding and behavioral style.

Jaime, a six month old, is fussy and does not transition well between situations. This behavior is part of Jaime’s...

Ages 6-12 years may develop positive social interactions with others or may feel inadequate and become less sociable

The parts of the chromosomes through which genetic information is transmitted.

Humans have approximately how many different genes?

A research method that compares people of different ages at the same point in time.

Suggest that our DNA genetic code includes a built-in time limit to the reproduction of human cells

The issue of the degree to which environment and heredity influence behavior.

Measured how attachment relates to later social and emotional adjustment

The developmental stage between childhood and adulthood.

The gap b/w what children are able to accomplish on their own and what they are not quite ready to do by themselves

Touching a baby’s cheek triggers them to open their mouth and turn to the source of the touch. This is known as the...

Which of the following scenarios best describes the relationship between temperament and child-parent relationships?

All of the following words are associated with nature EXCEPT...

Cognitive development through 4 stages: sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational

Which of the following scenarios best illustrates Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

What is the correct order off prenatal development?

The period at which maturation of the sexual organs occurs, beginning at about age 11-12 for girls and 13-14 for boys.

Parents who show little interest in their children and are emotionally detached.

The new cell formed by the union of an egg and sperm.

Revealed that baby monkeys preferred physical comfort over milk alone to create attachment.

All of the following are examples of teratogens EXCEPT...

The decrease in the response to a stimulus that occurs after repeated presentations of the same stimulus.

The period beginning in the late teenage years and extending into the mid-20s.

The way in which people take in, use, and store information.

A progressive brain disorder that leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in cognitive abilities.

Which of the following is an example of a key element of Jean Piaget’s theory of cognitive development?

According to Piaget, the period from age 12 to adulthood that is characterized by abstract thought.

Tony is an adolescent who has a pimple on his cheek and thinks everyone is looking at it.

An awareness and understanding of one’s own cognitive processes.

Becky just watched a video of a child hitting a doll. According to Albert Bandura’s research, Becky will now...

Birth-1½ years, during which time infants develop feelings of trust or lack of trust.

The period during which women are no longer fertile is known as...

Which researcher found that ducklings will follow the first figure they see within their first day of hatching?

Adolescents are typically in the conventional stage of moral reasoning

Shamir wants to be a doctor like both of his parents when he gets older. He never thought of doing anything else.

What type of study provides the most important information regarding the effects of nature and nurture?

Argued that children’s cognitive development occurs as a consequence of social interactions

Parents who give their children relaxed or inconsistent direction and, although they are warm, require little of them.

What psychosocial stage is associated with contributing to family and work?

Several college psych students observed 4-year-olds in 5 prekindergarten classes. Their observations indicated...

The period during which women stop menstruating and are no longer fertile.

A period from late adulthood until death during which we review life’s accomplishments and failures.

According to Erikson, a time in adolescence of major testing to determine one’s unique qualities.

A research method that investigates behavior as participants get older.

Carol Gilligan criticized Kohlberg’s research for which of the following reasons?

A developed zygote that has a heart, a brain, and other organs.

Carol Gilligan was critical of Lawrence Kohlberg’s theory of moral development. What is the basis of her critique?

Unlearned, involuntary responses that occur automatically in the presence of certain stimuli.

It is not possible to randomly assign subjects in Kohlberg’s studies on moral development into groups because...

Crystal has 3 children she loves and cares for very much. Denise has 2 children that she neglects.

When individuals show memory decline in late adulthood, their deficits are limited to what type of memory?

The information processing approach, because it focuses on...

Researched different child-rearing styles and social competence; authoritarian, permissive, authoritative, uninvolved

According to Erikson, a period in middle adulthood during which we take stock of our contributions to family and society

Rob is 40 and surveyed his goals to date. He realized many of his goals will not be met in his lifetime...

The understanding that quantity is unrelated to the arrangement and physical appearance of objects.

The distinguishing character of the individual: who each of us is, what our roles are, and what we are capable of.

Both heredity and environment are important in determining baby length and height.

Which of the following theorists would be most likely to study parenting behavior?

A newborn child.

Tanya is trying to remember a phone number, so she repeats it until she remembers it.

Social learning theory

Interactions/understanding of each other and of their knowledge and understanding of themselves as members of society.

Researchers want to study the effects of teratogens. They should conduct...

Discovered goslings imprint to the first moving object that is observed.

Bob is 17 and has been engaging in risky behaviors, such as reckless driving, skipping class, and breaking curfew.

Bo knows when his teacher pours water from a small, wide glass into a tall, thin glass, the amount remains the same

Rod-shaped structures that contain all basic hereditary information.

Who discovered that some animals create an attachment to the first moving object they see after birth?

Learning to walk follows a biologically predetermined pattern of behavior. This is an example of...

According to Erikson, a period during early adulthood that focuses on developing close relationships.

Birth-2 years, when a child has little competence in representing the environment by using images, language, or symbols

Kim frequently argues w/ her peers and is mean to them. Her poor peer relationships can be explained by the fact that...

The awareness that objects—and people—continue to exist even if they are out of sight.

According to Piaget, the period from 2 to 7 years of age that is characterized by language development.

Ages 3 to 6 years experience conflict between independence of action and the sometimes negative results of that action.