All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT

the whole process takes one day

Interest groups and political parties differ in that

political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected

What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?

policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting

The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?

the part that said you can't fund your own campaign

For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?

To select a candidate for the general election

What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?

information management and mobilization

McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT

eliminated the public funding option

What is the point of a trial balloon?

to see public reaction before making a public announcement

How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?

They are longer, more exspensive and more common

What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?

They have less trust in the governmnt

What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?

Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission

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AP Government Final Exam 4th pd. Review

165 termsStudBud Administration66 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment

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Questions 165

Answers

1
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
free speech
vote
pray
assemble
2
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The 24th amendment
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
3
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
22nd
25th
24th
23rd
4
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
the whole process takes one day
Only 12 states hold them
5
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
zoning
abortion
school
police
6
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
patronage
providing government services
advertising
voter fraud
7
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
Parties have legislative goals
political parties are involved in electioneering
political parties offer selective benefits
8
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
9
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
politics
newscast
press conference
narrowcast
10
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
13th
12th
14th
15th
11
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
12
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Dixiecrat
Democratic
Republican
Whig
13
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Andrew Jackson
Thomas Jefferson
Alexander Hamilton
William McKinley
14
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Craig v. Boren
Shaw v. Reno
harris v. Forklift Systems
Reed v. North Carolina
15
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
migrant workers
native americans
immigrants
blacks
16
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
it is contentious
it is nonexistent
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
17
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that banned soft money
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned hard money
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
18
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
inject new issues into the policy agenda
motivate more people to vote
safety valve for popular discontent
make elections less volatile
19
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Employment Division v. Smith
Miller v. California
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kutzman
20
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
To raise money
To build enthusiasm
to produce a party platform
To select a candidate for the general election
21
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
22
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Reed v. Reed
Craig v. Boren
Schaffley v. Hoke
ERA v. Hunt
23
Empty question
24
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
Grutter v. Bollinger
Gratz v. Bollinger
25
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
26
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
information management and mobilization
patronage
polling and policy positions
converting voters
27
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
28
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the elastic clause
the equal protection clause
the necessary and propoer clause
the due process clause
29
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you get more conservative
you vote more
You vote for Democrats
you attend to the news
30
This amendment ended slavery
12th
15th
14th
13th
31
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
required reporting of PAC contributions
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
eliminated the public funding option
32
The significance of campaign strategy
is that it typically converts voters
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
is that it sets the policy agenda
33
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
the state legislative baody banned it
an executive order by the Governor
a court order
an initiative was passed
34
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Reed v. Reed
Employment Division v. Smith
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
Harris v. Forklift Systems
35
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
the party
interest groups
the bureaucracy
the candidate
36
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
The median age is getting higher.
We will soon be a majority minority nation
Blacks outnumber hispanics
the population is shifting to the south
37
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
38
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Gitlow v. New York
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
39
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
party identification
incumbency advantage
media culture
selective perception
40
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
41
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Tinker v. DesMoines
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
42
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Raymour and Flanigan
Cooper and Flanigan
Hearst and Pulitzer
Smith and Wesson
43
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
44
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
conservative
liberal
45
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
liberal
conservative
46
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to launch a campaign
to see how high it will go without popping
to mend fences after a scandal
47
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer but cheaper
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
48
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
strong parties
primaries
the power of interest groups
short terms
49
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title V
Title IX
Title XI
Title XX
50
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
They have voted more often
they have become more informed
they have become more ideological
They have less trust in the governmnt
51
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
US v. Nixon
McCain v. BCRA
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
52
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Know Nothings
Populists
Dixiecrats
Whigs
53
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
iis a requirement in a democracy
may be ideal but isn't realistic
54
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Reagan
Nixon
Goldwater
H.W. Bush
55
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
ticket-splitting
fundraising
protesting
voting
56
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
think they are in it
pay dues
attend meetings
57
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all informal
They are all potential groups
They are all interest groups
They are all agents of socialization
58
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the equal protection clause
the free exercise clause
elastic clause
the due process clause
59
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
religion
race
age
gender
60
How long do national party conventions typically last?
3 days
1 day
4 days
1 week
61
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
how much people complain given how few vote
the success of our democracy given how little we know
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
62
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
63
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Disabled Freedom Act
64
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to reward big fundraisers
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
65
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
women
asians
hispanics
migrant workers
66
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
party leaders
voters
electors
delegates
67
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
they need access to government officials
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
They are inherently patriotic
They might alienate viewers
68
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
69
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
primaries
general elections
policy elections
70
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
slander is spoken and libel is written
libel in spoken and slander is written
71
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
the wealthy
unions
blacks
white souitherners
72
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
required candidtes to take public funds
limited contributions
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
required reporting of income/spending
73
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
74
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
there is a ballot
states have them on different dates
they are more common than caucuses
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
75
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
wealth
religion
gender
race
76
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
politicians must take clear positions on issues
The Conservative Era was over
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
77
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
78
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
voter apathy
separation of powers
runaway spending
rapid passage of laws
79
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
100%
2/3 or 75%
the largest percentage of all candidates
50% +1
80
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Federal Trade Commission
Federal Reserve
Interstate Commerce Commission
Securities and Exchange
81
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
gender
sexual orientation
religion
wealth
82
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
they participate in debates
they increase campaign spending
They are avoiding media attention
they are taking clear positions on issues
83
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
only the executive power
all governments in the US
the state governments
only the federal government
84
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They know the election laws in that state
They raise most of the money
They do polling
They provide endorsements
85
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
grandfather clauses
poll taxes
primaries
literacy tests
86
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Fuel Independence
Tutle IX
The Equal Rights Amendment
Gay Rights
87
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
age
gender
race
sexual orientation
88
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
editorials are held to a different standard
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
89
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Griswold v. Connecticut
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
90
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Plessy v. Ferguson
Reynolds v. United States
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
91
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Republicans
Democrats
92
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
the candidate's voting record
"horserace" coverage
policy positions
fundraising
93
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
closed
open
bicameral
blanket
94
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
race
gender
religion
age
95
What type of primary do political parties like best?
blanket
closed
unicameral
open
96
Over time, national party conventions have become less
predictable
attended
fun
contentious
97
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
beat
leak
interview
scandal
98
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
99
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Republican
Democrat
100
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Republican
Democrat
101
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Plessy v. Ferguson
102
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became more protective of the president
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
103
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
nature of the times
idealogues
low information
groups benefits
104
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the voters through referendum
the U.S. Congress
the Suoreme Court
the states
105
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Know Nothings and Whigs
Democrats and Whigs
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
106
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
pick candidates
articulate policies
run polls on election day
coordinate campaigns
107
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
108
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
inaccessibility
exclusion
disability
accommodation
109
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are fiundraising
They are being prepped for a debate
They are being nominated
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
110
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
petitioning
running for office
voting
protest
111
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Public Broadcasting Corporation
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Communications Commission
Federal Trade Commission
112
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to debate policy openly
to officially nominate a candidate
to energize the party faithful
to advertise the candidate
113
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Starting Ms. Magazine
founding the National Organization for Women
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
writing The Feminine Mystique
114
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
San Quentin
Los Alamos
Guantanamo
Alcatraz
115
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
W. Bush
Reagan
Clinton
H,W. Bush
116
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
voter apathy
the winner take all system
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
campaign funding laws
117
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
inflation
staffing requirements
new state election laws
television
118
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
trustee
instructed delegate
division of labor
politico
119
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Democrat
Republican
120
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Engel v. Vitale
Employment Division v. Smith
Barron v. Baltimore
121
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have more parties
Their parties are more organized
They have more party cohesion
They have elections more often
122
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on odd/ unusual
They focus on individuals
they focus on issues
they tend to be liberal
123
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
the writing of the party platform
a debate between the two leading candidates
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
candidate nomination
124
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
think they are in it
pay dues
register
attend meetings
125
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Texas v. Johnson
Lawrence v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
Reece v. Texas
126
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Roe v. Wade
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gideon v. Wainwright
127
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Gitlow v. New York
Schenk v. the United States
128
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Know Nothing
Whig
Democrat
Republican
129
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
conservative
liberal
130
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v, California
Texas v. Johnson
131
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
liberal
conservative
132
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
Miranda v. Arizona
Gregg v. Georgia
133
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
Protect America Act
Freedom Act
134
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
all war reporters are members of the military
135
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
Roe v. Wade
Griswold v. Connecticut
136
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
137
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Grutter v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
Adarand Construction v. Pena
138
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
splinter
issue / cause
revolutionary
popular person-based
139
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
140
Another term for prior restraint is
arrest
subpoena
censorship
warrant
141
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Furman v. Georgia
McClesky v. Kemp
Gregg v. Georgia
Griswold v. Connecticut
142
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
the early states are not representative of the US population
the early states get too much attention
it caters to low information voters
few people participate
143
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
giving free tv time to candidates
making it easier to register to vote
making it harder to get on the ballot
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
144
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
Internet ads
24 hour news channels
consolidation of news outlets
the prevalence of sound bites
145
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
tv ads
the nightly news
a poll
interviews with media
146
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
They coordinate closely with their candidate
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
they tend to support incumbents
their donors can remain anonymous
147
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
148
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
20th
17th
18th
149
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
key word / phrasing polls
voter perception
push polls
exit poLling
150
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
it is shorter
It is longer
It is nonexistent
It is more in depth
151
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Tinker v. DesMoines
Miller v. California
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
152
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Texas v. Johnson
Snyder v. Phelps
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Fisher v.University of Texas
153
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
Miller v. California
154
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being educated
being young
being female
being wealthy
155
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
they raise the most money for the party
they have the most registered party members
156
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
Christian
property owner
male
white
157
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
They are for profit taxable organizations
they disclose the names of contributors
they produce issue ads
158
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
Why third parties tend to fail
why we have polarization
Why we have two parties
why we don't have radical parties in the US
159
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to streamline platform writing
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to regulate campaign finance
to make delegate selection more democratic
160
Teacher led prayers violate the
equal protectiion clause
due process clause
no establishment clause
free exercise clause
161
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
Germans and Italians should also be interned
162
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Reed v. Reed
Shaw v. Hunt
Shaw v. Reno
Santa Clara v. Martinez
163
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
cable television
the internet
netflix
satellite tv
164
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of currency
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
165
What was the first form of mass media?
radio
telegraph
television
daily newspapers

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