Building and construction sites mainly affect water purity by

producing loose sediment the washes away with heavy rainfall

Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed primarly of

Weathered particles of sediments

A transform fault, two tectonic plates move

Alongside each other and in opposite directions

What's the difference between an El Nino event and a La Nina event?

La Nina has cool Ocean temps, El Nino has warmer ocean temps

subduction zones tend to produce deep undersea trenches as a result of

1 plate being forced to bend under another

energy sources ordered from greatest to smallest percentage of total energy usage in the u.s ?

Fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, geothermal energy

Using excess groundwater in coastal regions causes

A sustainable water supply and saltwater intrusion

Which statement BEST describes physical weathering? (breaking of a rock into smaller pieces)

without a change in chemical composition

Farmers use terracing to prevent soil erosion. Which best describes this practice:

converting large steep fields into smaller fields.

Relative humidity is a measurement of

Air temperature and the amount of water vapor in the air

After operating for up to 60 years nuclear plants must be renovated for which reason?

Many parts become radioactive, brittle or corroded

According to the law of conservation of energy,

energy can't be created or destroyed converts different form

studbud

APES EXAM REVIEW

196 termsStudBud Administration688 plays

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Questions 196

Answers

1
Resources such as groundwater that are being consumed faster can be resupplied as
in the zone of saturation
infiltrated
nonrenewable 
highly salinized
2
Brief, intense grazing done by wild herds in a small area that eat everything before moving on:
rotational grazing
desertification
overgrazing
selective cutting
3
As opposed to K-selected species, r-selected species usually has
offspring that survive to reproductive age
a population that stays close to the carrying capacity
numerous small offspring
high parental care
4
Which fossil fuel releases the LEAST amount of Carbon into the air?
coal
natural gas
oil
biomass
5
Unconventional natural gas sources include
Anthracite
Oil Shale
Tar Sand
Methane Hydrate
6
Which crops have the benefit of conserving soil, retaining nutrients and saving energy?
perennial crops
subsistence crops
annual crops
monoculture crops
7
Building and construction sites mainly affect water purity by
groundwater mining of local sources
creating more evaporation of groundwater
increasing of zone of saturation
producing loose sediment the washes away with heavy rainfall
8
Clastic sedimentary rocks are composed primarly of
evaporated material such as halite or gypsum
recrystallized minerals from solution
Weathered particles of sediments
Organic material
9
Minimum tillage is a farming technique that
decreases the use of herbicides
reduces soil erosion
increases evaporation of water
increases energy consumption
10
The National Plant Germplasm System provides
cold storage for seeds
protection of soil fertility
antimicrobial agents
payments to farmers
11
The two main elements that compose fossil fuels are
Carbon and hydrogen
Sulfur and carbon
Oxygen and hydrogen
Oxygen and carbon
12
Of oil drilled offshore In U.S. Waters, about 90% is recovered from under
The Great Lakes
The Gulf of Mexico
Chesapeake Bay
The gulf of Alaska
13
The greatest amount of organic matter in the soil is found in
a horizon
c horizon
the bedrock
b horizon
14
The habitat for spotted owls is:
second-growth forests
taiga forests
old-growth forests
rain forests
15
Which of the following has the highest risk of death?
air travel
exposure to air pollution
biking
being a police officer
16
A transform fault, two tectonic plates move
Simultaneously down into the earth's interior
Alongside each other and in opposite directions
Directly toward one another
Alongside one another and in the same direction
17
Which of the following examples orders geological time units from shortest to longest
Eon,era,epoch,period
Epoch,period,era,eon
Epoch,eon,period,era
Period,era,eon,epoch
18
Levels of CO2 throughout history can best be measured using:
ice cores
snow
fossils
historical methods
19
What's the difference between an El Nino event and a La Nina event?
El Nino is a milder version of La Nina
La Nina has cool Ocean temps, El Nino has warmer ocean temps
La Nina's in the Atlantic Ocean, El Nino's in the Pacific
La Nina increases temps., and El Nino decreases temps.
20
The two final products of nitrification are
nitrous oxide and nitric oxide
nitrate ions and nitrite ions
DNA and protiens
ammonia and nitrogen gas
21
subduction zones tend to produce deep undersea trenches as a result of
1 plate being forced to bend under another
2 plates sliding past each other
2 plates moving away from each other
1 plate being pulled apart at the center
22
Erosion may occur due to the repeated freeze and thaw cycle in some climates. This process is:
unloading
salt wedging
joint block separation
frost wedging
23
When groundwater is removed, the soil sinks in a process known as..
saturation
sustainability
stabilization
subsidence
24
energy sources ordered from greatest to smallest percentage of total energy usage in the u.s ?
Geothermal energy, nuclear fuels, fossil fuels
Fossil fuels, nuclear fuels, geothermal energy
Fossil fuels, wind, nuclear fuels
Nuclear fuels, fossil fuels, geothermal energy
25
Land masses hold what percentage of the earth's crust?
0.001%
3%
97%
66%
26
According to Nicolaus Steno, if rock layer 1 sits above rock layer 2, rock layer 1 is
impossible to estimate
older
younger
the same age
27
Which of the following clues can tell seismologists where an earthquake is likely to occur?
changes in nearby magnetic fields
a volcanic eruption from a hotspot of a techonic plate
historical earthquake records
tornadoes and other unusual weather patterns
28
Using excess groundwater in coastal regions causes
A sustainable water supply and saltwater intrusion
Surface water to decline
Saltwater intrusion
A sustainable Water supply
29
to construct their shells, phytoplankton get carbon dioxide directly from
the ocean floor
the surrounding water
the air
volcanic vents
30
When a population size tends to fluctuate around the carrying capacity, it is said to be
irregular
stable
decaying
crashing
31
Pedocal soils are characterized by large accumulations of:
organic material
Calcium Carbonate
Iron oxide
Aluminium-rich clay
32
The topsoil is composed of:
A Horizon
O Horizon
B Horizon
O and A Horizon
33
Which statement BEST describes physical weathering? (breaking of a rock into smaller pieces)
the compaction and cementation of sediment rock
with a change in chemical composition
the gradual cooling of magma into igneous rock
without a change in chemical composition
34
Human's release of excess phosphates into lakes can result in:
acid rain
global warming
depletion of the ozone layer
overgrowth of algae
35
At which type of plate boundary is new crust formed?
hot spot
divergent
subduction
convergent
36
The growth of a crop can be prevented by a shortage of a chemical element known as:
a limiting factor
a macronutrient
a fumigant
a micronutrient
37
Of the following, which is an example of a density-independent population control?
limited space
limited food
earthquakes
infectious disease
38
Farmers use terracing to prevent soil erosion. Which best describes this practice:
Plowing fields perpendicular to slope of hills.
converting large steep fields into smaller fields.
Leaving old stalks and other plant materials on field
Planting alfalfa or clover on fields.
39
Relative humidity is a measurement of
Air temperature and latitude
The amount of water vapor the air can hold and latitude
Elevation and the amount of water vapor in the air
Air temperature and the amount of water vapor in the air
40
After operating for up to 60 years nuclear plants must be renovated for which reason?
Many parts become radioactive, brittle or corroded
Spent fuel rods cannot be removed from the core
Pressure inside the core increases
Pressure inside the core decreases
41
The chemical weathering process of hydrolysis breaks down a rock that reacts with
percarbonic acid
water
carbonic acid
oxygen
42
Which of the following forces helps keep rock in the earth's interior hot and molten?
Friction between tectonic plates
Solar radiation
Global warming
Radioactivity
43
What % of evaporated water worldwide comes from land?
15%
40%
75%
50%
44
all of the following are major carbon storage reservoirs EXCEPT
sedimentary rocks
earth's core
the air
fossil fuels
45
One negative effect of human interference in the nitrogen cycle is:
increase in pH of the ocean
increased ozone in the stratosphere
production of acid rain
decrease in the amount of nitrogen in the atmosphere
46
An isobar on a weather map connects areas of
High pressure
Equal atmospheric pressure
Equal temperature
Low pressure
47
Air pressure is measured using a
hydrometer
anemometer
thermometer
barometer
48
According to the law of conservation of energy,
energy can't be created or destroyed converts different form
power is a measure of the conversion of energy
work performed on an object result in a change in its energy
potential energy can be converted into kinetic energy
49
without these organism, the geological carbon cycle could not take place:
decomposing organisms and detritus eaters
shell forming marine organisms
terrestrial photosynthesis organism
secondary consumers and top predators
50
In the U.S. , what % of the total annual renewable water supply is withdrawn for use by people?
70%
40%
60%
50%
51
Igneous rock granite is subjected to intense heat and pressure but doesn't melt, it becomes..
basalt
magma
sandstone
gneiss
52
Using reclaimed water, preventing runoff,and using dry cooling systems are all methods of
irrigation control
conservation
precipitation
aquifer recharge
53
Precipitation will fall when the humidity is at
25%
75%
100%
10%
54
The kissimmee River in Florida is an example of
groundwater overdraft and sinkholes
drought and its impact on water supply
deforestation and water runoff
flood control that led to habitat destruction
55
which one is a "Secondary source" that must be produced using another nonrenewable energy
Biomass
Wind
Solar
Hydrogen
56
sugars and carbohydrates are products of
respiration
metabolism
subduction
photosynthesis
57
Approximately what percentage of crops are destroyed by pests, spoilage, and disease?
10%
50%
20%
30%
58
Obesity is
Occurring in about 62% of the population today
The result of consuming too many whole grains and vegetables
When someone is more than 20 pounds over ideal weight
When someone is more than 30 pounds ideal weight
59
What type of environment is frost wedging prevalent?
equatorial climates
cold, dry climates
warm, wet climates
cooler, wet climates
60
Most divergent plate boundaries are difficult for scientists to study because most are located
in highly active earthquake zones
deep in the Earth's mantle
on the ocean floor
in Antarctica
61
Elevated levels of carbon dioxide from global warming have which of the following effects?
Increase in available farmland
Decreased nitrogen in plants
Increase in bird populations
Insects eating fewer plants
62
When a forest is harvested at a rate that does not decrease supply year after year
Suppressed
Sustainable
Old-growth
Clear-cut
63
A genetically diverse population is more likely to include the individuals that..
Each carry a large number of genes
Vary greatly by appearance and behavior
Produce a large number of offspring
Are distributed over a large range
64
Agriculture that alternates two or more crops to reduce wind and water erosion is known as...
contour farming
strip cropping
terracing
soil compaction
65
Hoover Dam and Glen Canyon Dam manage which river ?
Mississippi River
Colorado River
Kissimmee River
Potomac River
66
Which is the correct sequence of the earth's atmospheric layers from earth's surface to space?
Troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
Thermosphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, troposphere
Stratosphere, troposphere, mesosphere, thermosphere
Troposphere, mesosphere, stratosphere, thermosphere
67
Pollution from human sources such as cars, power plants etc. is called
photochemical
natural
secondary
anthropogenic
68
Human's can increase an area's biodiversity when they:
allow 2 populations of a species to trade members
drain a swamp to build a tree farm
break one large habitat into two smaller ones
plow a field to plant crops
69
A drought occers when
Rainfall is 70%below for 10 days
Rainfall is 50% below for 21 days
Rainfall is 70% below for 21 days
Rainfall is 50% below average for 10 days or more
70
magma fills the gap between tectonic plates, forming new crust at
divergent faults
convergent faults
subduction zones
subsidence zones
71
Dolomitization occurs when
marble is turned into dolomite
dolomite is turned into marble
limstone is turned into dolomite
sediment is turned into dolomite
72
hydrology, types of vegetation, and types of soil are used to determine if an area is
a wetlands area
a drainage basin
a perched water table
an unconsolidated aquifer
73
earthquakes release huge amounts of accumulated energy through what process?
disturbance of earth's magnetic field by moon's orbit
tectonic plates constantly pushing against each other
relentless movement of ocean's tides
sudden heating of earth's core
74
Which of the following 2 are benefits of forest fires?
Increasing the number of crown fires
Removal of brush and replenishment of soils
Pinecones open and release seeds
75
Water is stored and an average of 8 to 10 days in which of the following reservoirs?
soil moisture
oceans
atmosphere
rivers and streams
76
Most Atlantic Hurricanes form off the coast of
South america
the philippines
the southern united states
africa
77
Which of the following terms describes the addition of water to the atmosphere by plants?
infiltration
evaporation
transpiration
precipitation
78
The use of nitrogen by a plant allows it to make
Sugar
Proteins
CO2
Water
79
volcanoes tend to occur nearest to
centers of tectonic plates
freshwater coastlines
ancient meteor impact sites
boundaries of tectonic plates
80
Rainwater mixes with which of the following to form carbonic acid?
methane
carbon dioxide
carbon monoxide
hydrochloric acid
81
The types of crops that are used directly by a farmer or sold locally are...
cash crops
ruminant crops
subsistence crops
monoculture crops
82
The uranium oxide pellets used in typical nuclear reactors are primarily composed of
uranium 258
uranium 235
uranium 255
uranium 238
83
In addition to cooling a nuclear reactors core, a fluid known as coolant serves the purpose of
keeping fuel from chemically reacting with the cooling rods
absorbing neutrons to control the rate of fission
transferring heat out of the core for electricity generation
keeping radioactive gases from escaping into the environment
84
An agricultural field that is not harvested for at least a season is
Terraced
Tilled
Subsidized
Fallow
85
How does the amount of water warm air can hold compare to colder water air?
Warm ar can hold more water than cold air
Warm air can hold less water than cold air
warm air is not able to hold water, and cold air is
Warm air and cold air can hold the same amount of water
86
Igneous rocks are grouped according to
Composition
Color
Grain size
Shape
87
what 3 processes are needed to convert igneous/metamorphic rock into sedimentary?
erosion, heating, transportation
cooling, pressure, weathering
weathering, erosion, deposition
heating, pressure, stress
88
The one major pollutant released by natural gas is
Nitrous Oxide
Sulfur Dioxide
Hydrogen Sulfide
Carbon Dioxide
89
The portion of earth's biosphere that is closest to the core is
Asthenosphere
Crust
Mantle
Hydrosphere
90
All the land from which water drains to a common lake or river is considered to be part of same
Watershed
Both Watershed and Runoff zone
Aquifer
Runoff zone
91
Volcanoes, fossil fuel combustion and fires contribute to pollution in the form of:
particulates
sodium chloride
synthetic compounds
DDT
92
Most of the worlds oil is located beneath countries in
South America
Europe
The Far East
The Middle East
93
Which freshwater lake zone would you expect to find the greatest amount of waterborne plants?
profundal zone
limnetic zone
the benthic zone
the littoral zone
94
Fissionable uranium 235 contains a total of 235...
protons and neutrons
electrons
neutrons
protons
95
An insufficient amount of protein and calories in a person's diet can result in
Marasmus
Gout
Abdomen swollen with fluid
Kwashiorkor
96
Which characteristic is typical of a K-selected species?
Early reproductive age
Generalist niche
Small size in adulthood
Specialist niche
97
James Hutton realized that most geological changes occur as a result of
Sedimentation,heat,pressure,and other gradual processes
Meteorites,comets,and asteroids falling from space
Volcanoes,earthquakes,and other catastrophic events
Plants,animals,and microorganism
98
What is the benefit of contour plowing?
water forms deep pools
a slowdown in runoff
a decrease in windblown soil
an increase in soil fertility
99
Vernal pools are
temporary pools of water
mangrove swamps that are endangerred
storm surges that are stagnant
forest bottomland that is flooded
100
Which agencies are responsible for destroying shipments of food that exceed pesticide limits?
EPA
A and B
USDA
FDA
101
The major determinants of forest type are
tree species and elevation
tree species and animal species
elevation and proximity to water
temperature and rainfall
102
Contour strip mining is a method specialized to extract coal in terrain that is
Hill or mountainous
Coastal
Underwater
Flat
103
Herbicides account for what percentage of pesticides in U.S. Waters?
60%
80%
10%
20%
104
Most of the carbon in the earth's crust is stored in
fossil fuels
ocean sediments and sedimentary rocks
plants
atmosphere
105
What kind of power plant produces water flowing through a control rate generating electricity
Dam Power
Kinetic Power
Geothermal Power
Hydroelectric Power
106
All of the following are typically derived from fossil fuels Except
Plastics
Automobile fuel
Organic chemicals
Geothermal power
107
In what year was the U.S. Forest service established
1968
1905
1925
1936
108
The global impact of an ENSO includes all of the following EXCEPT
flooding in the eastern Pacific
drought in the western Pacific
an increase in the number of Atlantic hurricanes
a decrease in the number of Atlantic hurricanes
109
Which of the following ecological levels of organization are arranged from largest to smallest?
Biosphere, Population, Ecosystem
Biosphere, Ecosystem, Community
Ecosystem, Population, Community
Community, Population, Ecosystem
110
Studying rocks through a microscope or with a hand lens is called
stratigraphy
lithology
diagenesis
dissolution
111
What percentage of the earth's original rain forests have been cleared?
25%
10%
90%
50%
112
Empty question
Empty choice
Empty choice
113
An example of a pollutant that occurs only naturally is:
radon
formaldehyde
nitrous oxide
sulfur dioxide
114
Compared with the "calorie" unit , how large is the "calorie" that use for types of energy
1/10 as large
10 times larger
1/1000 times as large
the same size
115
Carnivores get the majority of their usable nitrogen compounds from:
absorbing them from water
nitrogen fixing bacteria in their gut
extracting them from the air
eating herbivores and other carnivores
116
On average, an ENSO event occurs every
2 to 7 years
15 to 25 years
7 to 10 years
1 to 2 years
117
the earth has about how many tectonic plates?
55
15
155
105
118
Industrial population growth includes:
high birthrates and low death rates
high birthrates and deathrates
low birthrates and high death rates
low birthrates and low death rates
119
In 1998 scientists signed a statement explaining problems to the public. It was called?
troubled waters statement
none of the above
marine conservation statement
Marine conservation act
120
Most phosphate originates from
uplifted rock
phosphate fixing bacteria
freshwater lakes
the air
121
Dendritic drainager is ...
seeping of water out of discharge zones
branching drainage pattern of streams
evapotranspiraton of plants
precolation of water into groundwater
122
What byproduct of manufacturing is slowly released from sediments into water and biomagnified?
chlorine
methyl mercury
sulfates
nitrates
123
The draining of wetlands was authorized by which legislation?
coastal barrier resources act
watershed protection and flood prevention act
coastal zone management act
national wildlife refuge system
124
What percentage of the world's carbon emissions is from the U.S.?
90%
5%
20%
40%
125
Solubility describes a mineral's
reaction with environmental acids
susceptibility to weathering with carbonic acid
ability to dissolve in water
ability to form oxides
126
calcium carbohydrate shells dissolve as it collects at a shallower depth the dividing line is
a thermocline
a lithosphere
the estuarine zone
a lysocline
127
If a city experiences earthquake damage of intensity XI, its Richter scale equivalent would be
3.0 to 4.9
1.0 to 2.9
7.0 or greater
5.0 to 6.9
128
A neutron strikes a uranium atom nucleus which splits releasing a great deal of energy, this is
fission
enrichment
meltdown
fusion
129
Which of the following requires the most water to produce?
beef
corn
potatoes
rice
130
Which of the following are renewable energy sources ?
Biomass
Hydropower
Solar power
All of the above
131
Water pollution+breeding between farmed and wild types put which species on the endangered list
Peruvian anchove
Pacific salmon
Tuna
Atlantic salmon
132
Evaporation involves the conversion of
Latent heat into solar energy
Potential energy into kinetic energy
Chemical energy into solar energy
Solar energy into latent heat
133
The oxidation of a rock may produce...
H2O
H2CO3
Fe2O3
CO2
134
Which continent has the greatest percentage area of agriculture?
Europe
Africa
North America
Asia
135
Coastal wetlands are important because they do all of the following EXCEPT:
offer an important refuge for large marine mammals
reduce the impact of storms
harbor a high level of biodiversity
help to cycle nutrients
136
The endangerment of fish, and flooding of farmland are all potential consequences of
gray water system
sinkholes
dams and reservoirs
subsidence
137
How much higher are carbon dioxide levels today compared to the 1700s?
145%
80%
30%
50%
138
Which S. American country devotes a greater share of its land to biodiversity protection?
Venezuela
Brazil
Chile
Costa Rica
139
Carrying an apple across the room and bringing a pot of water to boil are both described as
energy
work
potential energy
electromagnetism
140
A rock composed of pebble-sized sediment with edges not well rounded is called
shale
sandstone
breccia
siltstone
141
Nicolaus Steno's law of horizontality says that sediments get thinner at
the center of a tectonic plate
the center of a body of water
the edge of a body of water
subduction zones
142
What is the force responsible for driving the water cycle?
gravity
temperature diffrences
sun
earth's rotation
143
Which of the following is NOT a source of methane?
aerosols
landfills
cows
forest fires
144
Which of the following pollution simultaneously releases pollutants containing C,N, and S?
volcanic eruptions
runoff from artificial fertilizers
agricultural animal waste
burning fossil fuels
145
Before being transported, natural gas must be rid of poisonous:
Hydrogen Sulfide Gas
Methane Gas
Nitrogen gas
Butane Gas
146
Empty question
Empty choice
Empty choice
147
the open ocean is divided into the euphotic, bathyl and abyssal zone based on
the salinity of each
the temperature of each
the organisms living there
the amount of sunlight each receives
148
The B horizon is also sometimes referred to as the:
Parent materials
Zone of leaching
Topsoil
Zone of accumulation
149
Soil erosion has increased due to all of the following activities EXCEPT:
development
logging
farming
Contour planting
150
Which of the worlds energy supplies are in order from longest lasting to running out sooner
Solar, Conventional Oil, Natural Gas
Solar, Natural Gas, Conventional Oil
Biomass, Conventional Oil, Natural Gas
Coal, Solar, Conventional Oil
151
The difference between drought and degredation of land is
Drought is an unnatural event
Degredation is not affected by climate
Degradation results from unsound human activities
Degradation increases economic yield
152
A temperate rain forest, such as the one on the west coast of North America, primarily has
conifer trees, dry climate, cool temperatures
conifer trees,wet climate, cool temperatures
flat-leaf trees, wet climate, warm temperatures
flat-leaf trees, wet climate, cool teperatures
153
Semiarid grasslands, with a mean rainfall of between 1/4 and 1/2 cm per year, are also known as
Forests
Taigas
Steppes
Chaparrals
154
Heating methods involve the most efficient conversion from its naturally occurring form to heat
Sunlight through the window absorbed by the walls of a room
Heating oil in a houses furnace
Whale oil burned in an old-fashioned lantern
Sunlight collected by a solar panel to run an elctric heater
155
which of the following illustrates a water budget?
stream flow subsurface flow=evaporation
precipitation evaporation=runoff
water volume surface are=total % of water
156
The following factors contribute to an increase in a populations size:
Immigration
Immigration and emmigration
Births and immigration
Births
157
Genetic diversity, species diversity, ecological diversity, and functional diversity are best
Cultural diversity
Biological diversity
Abiotic resources
Trophic levels
158
The Aral Sea provides an example of the consequence of
desalination on energy costs
water conservation for domestic use
dam removal on local populations
diverting water for agricultural purposes
159
Which of the following human activities can alter both the carbon and nitrogen cycles?
allowing fertilizer to run into water systems
constructing dams
growing a large number of livestock whose waste adds gases
destroying forests
160
The USDA cites the greatest number of threatened plant species im which biome?
Grassland
Artic Tundra
Desert
Tropical Rain Forest
161
In the earth's interior, hot, molten rock rises, and cooler rock sinks in a process known as
Subduction
The law of superposition
Convergence
Convection
162
The Public Rangelands Improvement Act of 1978 was
Written by ranchers to increase area for grazing
Responsible for the deterioration of forests
Written to improve Native American lands
Passed by Congress to reduce grazing where there was damage
163
An acre-foot of water is
an acre of water one foot deep
the amount of water needed by an acre of farmland
more expensive using conservation methods
the # of square feet of water in an acre
164
The three general survivorship curves are:
Erratic loss,Early loss,Logarithmic loss
Erratic loss,Early loss,Late loss
Constant loss, Erratic loss,Late loss
Constant loss, Early loss, Late loss
165
Salt wedging is a significant cause of mechanical weathering in....
Tundra ecosystems
grassland
Tropical ecosystems
deserts
166
In which of the following cycles does the nutrient remain chemically unchanged throughout?
carbon cycle
nitrogen cycle
sulfur cycle
hydrologic cycle
167
Vitamin A deficiency can cause
Anemia
Blindness
Anencephaly
Goiter
168
Which of the following is characteristic of an El Nino year?
Warm water flows eastward, reaching South America.
Cold water in the Pacific is pushed westward
Cold water upwells along the South American coast
Warm water in the Pacific is pushed westward
169
When a population exceeds the environments carrying capacity:
It overcomes environmental resistance
Its age structure becomes heavily weighted in favor of older
It can suffer a sudden population crash
It enters the exponential growth phase
170
Which of the following is best described as storage of potential energy?
a lake held in by a dam
a rushing river
a melting ice cube
falling rain
171
A tropical storm is renamed a hurricane when wind speeds exceed
57 knots, or 106 km/hr
73 knots, or 135 km/hr
64 knots, or 119 km/hr
25 knots, or 46 km/hr
172
Which of these crops are mainly GMO crops?
Wheat, cotton, and corn
Soybeans, cotton, and corn
Soybeans, rice, and cotton
Potatoes, wheat, and rice
173
Trees are adapted to their own particular environmental conditions, also known as a(n)
Niche
Plantation
Landscape
Old-growth forest
174
Topsoil, the layer that supports crops, is also known as the
Little layer
A horizon
C horizon
Zone of accumulation
175
Which of the following elements accounts for the greatest proportion of the atmosphere?
phosphorus
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
176
An influent stream is?
entirely above the water table
a result of precipitation
both A and B
maintained by groundwater seeping in
177
The purpose of the Wilderness Act of 1964 was
change to different methods of timber harvesting in forests
set aside land owned by the Bureau of Land Management
to set aside primitive forest land for protection
to protect tropical rain forests in Guam
178
El Nino contributes to temporary global warming because it:
increases deforestation
increases solar radiation
causes rising sea levels
increases heat in the atmosphere from warm ocean waters
179
Bt, or Bacillus thuringiensis, belongs to which category of pesticide?
microbial/ biological agents
natural organic
inorganic
organophosphates
180
"An area where the earth & its community of life are untrammeled by man, where man is a visitor
Commons
Wilderness
Rangeland
Biome
181
A main component of photochemical smog is:
asbestos
ozone
chlorine
methane
182
When a populations growth adjusts to approximate the environments carrying capacity it is:
A population crash
Logistic growth
Exponential growth
A species biotic potencial
183
Which of the following is often a disadvantage of damming rivers to generate electricity?
high carbon dioxide emissions from electricity generating eq
water behind a dam not suitable for agricultural purposes
low-efficiency conversation of water kinetic energy
negative impact from flooding and decreased fertilizer
184
Which of the following lists of terms is organized from most specific to most inclusive?
Population, Community, Ecosystem
Community, Population, Ecosystems
Individual, Species,Population
Species, Ecosystem, Population
185
Of earth's three major layers, which one contains the greatest amount of molten rock?
Crust
Lithosphere
Core
Mantle
186
Which of the following lists calcium reservoirs biggest to smallest?
soil, atmosphere, oceans
oceans, atmosphere, soil
atmosphere, oceans, soil
oceans, soil, atmosphere
187
on the richter scale, earthquake of magnitude 5.0 is how many times more powerful than 1 of 4
10
50
1.25
125
188
Which of the following human activities adds sulfur dioxide to the environment?
B. smelting ores to obtain metals
C.releasing fertilizer into rivers
A. burning fossil fuels
A & B
189
Which of the following terms describes the ability of lava to flow?
permeability
viscosity
porosity
texture
190
Plants, mosses, and bacteria break down rocks through
exfoliation
physical weathering
chemical weathering
both physical weathering and chemical weathering
191
Work performed per unit of time is called
power
energy
potential energy
the law of conservation of energy
192
The Coriolis effect is the result of
Earth's rotation on its axis
The revolution of earth around the sun
The differential heating of earth's surface
The gravitational pull of the moon
193
Which of these does NOT have a natural source?
CFCs
nitrous oxide
vapor
carbon dioxide
194
unless these 2 natural phenomena are in balance global atmospheric co2 accumulates rapidly
sedimentation and subduction
respiration and photosynthesis
195
Biologists have an emergency action plan for identifying about 25 "hot spots" b/c they contain
the majority of the earth's freshwater
majority of the earth's mineral nutirents
majority of the earth's terrestrial biodiversity
majority of the earth's marine biodiversity
196
All of the following are steps in the process of DIAGENESIS,...... EXCEPT
Compaction
Melting
Recrystallization
Chemical changes

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