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AP World Unit 3 and 4
AP World Unit 3 and 4
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1
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Regional trade in the Americas
The Silk Road
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
2
BQ: Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Christianity and Judaism
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Islam
Hinduism and Buddhism
3
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created taxation systems
Generated revenue through trade
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
4
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region? (Roll the Dice )!
Middle East
Russia
South Asia
China
5
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
6
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
silver-backed currencies.
caravels using lateen sails.
colonies in the Americas.
7
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Enlightenment
The Age of Exploration
The Artistic Renaissance
The Scientific Revolution
8
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
9
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
10
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Social powers
Cultural religious powers
Technological powers
11
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
Voluntary Labor
chattel slavery
indentured servitude
encomienda
12
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
13
Located in Agra, India, this mausoleum was built for the tomb of Shah Jahan favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ottoman Empire
Ming to Qing Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
14
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Chattel Slavery
Indentured Servitude
Encomienda System
Mit'a
15
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
16
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Egyptians
The Romans
The Chinese
The Byzantines
17
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
18
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
19
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
20
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Hawaii
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
21
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
22
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Created tribute collection systems
Generated revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
23
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
24
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Han Dynasty
Roman Empire
Egyptian Empire
Mongol Empire
25
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Created Tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
26
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church
EXCEPT
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
27
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal to explore, was
the Safavids
the Manchu Qing
the Ottomans
the Mughals
28
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
Andean South America
South & Southeast Asia
29
Which empire was ruled by a Sultan?
C) Safavid Empire
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
30
Which empire relocated their capital to Tabriz?
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
31
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
32
Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
A) Qing Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
33
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
34
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish
35
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
36
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
37
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was
NOT
an effect of this trade?
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
38
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Generated revenue through trade
39
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
40
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
41
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
42
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
43
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
44
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
45
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
looking to create empires in the Americas.
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
46
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
47
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were originally;
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
Christian peoples.
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
48
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
49
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that;
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
50
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created Tribute collection systems
Generated Revenue through trade
51
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
The challenge to authority by local elites.
52
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
53
All of the following are true, but what was a
POLITICAL
effect of the Reformation?
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
54
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
55
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
56
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
Andean South America