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Honors Biology Exam 2025 Flashcards | StudBud
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Honors Biology Exam 2025
Honors Biology Exam 2025
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1
What are the characteristics of members of the animal kingdom?
multicellular, autotrophic, eukaryotic
unicellular, autotrophic, eukaryotic
unicellular, heterotrophic, prokaryotic
multicellular, heterotrophic, eukaryotic
2
Which bacteria killed the mice in Griffith's transformation experiment?
live harmless bacteria, and live, harmful bacteria
live, harmless bacteria and heat-killed, harmful bacteria
live harmful bacteria and heat-killed, harmless bacteria
live, harmless bacteria and heat-killed, harmless bacteria
3
The branch of biology dealing with interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment is called
modeling.
economy.
ecology.
recycling.
4
Which organelle would you expect to find in plant cells but not animal cells?
Mitochondrion
smooth endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
Chloroplast
5
What are found in the space surrounding the nucleus of an atom?
Neutrons
Protons
Electrons
Ions
6
Plants are
primary producers.
herbivores.
omnivores.
primary consumers.
7
Cell division is represented in Figure 10–3 by the letter
D.
B.
C.
A.
8
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
water to move into the cell.
water to move out of the cell.
solutes to move out of the cell.
solutes to move into the cell.
9
An advantage of sexual reproduction over asexual reproduction is that sexual reproduction
provides genetic diversity
produces identical offspring
requires more time
takes less time
10
Figure 7–5 27. Which means of particle transport is shown in Figure 7–5 above?
protein pump
Exocytosis
facilitated diffusion
Endocytosis
11
Look at Figure 8–1. All of the following are parts of an ADP molecule EXCEPT
structure A.
structure B.
structure C.
structure D.
12
Figure 3–4 18. Which of the following is a food chain in the food web shown in Figure 3–4?
grass, caterpillar, robin, hawk
tree, deer, mountain lion, fox
tree, rabbit, hawk, snake
grass, grasshopper, snake, hawk
13
The algae at the beginning of a food chain in are considered
decomposers.
primary consumers.
primary producers.
heterotrophs.
14
A well-tested explanation that explains a lot of observations is
a controlled experiment.
a theory.
an inference.
a hypothesis.
15
If an atom contains 3 protons, 4 neutrons, and 3 electrons, its mass number is
7.
4.
11.
3.
16
Isotopes are atoms of the same element with the same number of protons and a different number of
electrons.
ions.
neutrons.
molecules.
17
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
consumers.
humans.
bacteria.
plants.
18
Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is called
inferences.
data.
hypotheses.
variables.
19
Why are stem cells important?
they are incapable of becoming cancer cells
They have the potential to develop into other cell types
they hae the potential to undergo cell division
they have specialized DNA
20
In eukaryotes, electron transport occurs in the
cell membrane.
nucleus.
cytoplasm.
inner mitochondrial membrane.
21
Organisms, such as plants, that make their own food are called
thylakoids.
pigments.
autotrophs.
heterotrophs.
22
Plants get the energy they need for photosynthesis by absorbing
chlorophyll a.
high-energy sugars.
sunlight.
chlorophyll b.
23
Which of the following happens when a cell divides?
Each daughter cell receives its own copy of the parent cell's DNA.
It becomes more difficult for the cell to get rid of wastes.
It becomes more difficult for the cell to get enough oxygen and nutrients.
The cell's volume increases.
24
The different forms of a gene are called
traits.
pollinations.
alleles.
hybrids.
25
What is the correct equation for cellular respiration?
6CO2 + 6H2O → 6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy
6O2 + C6H12O6 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy → 6O2 + C6H12O6
6O2 + C6H12O6 + Energy → 6CO2 + 6H2O
26
Which of the following is the correct sequence of events in cellular respiration?
glycolysis → Krebs cycle → electron transport
Krebs cycle → electron transport → glycolysis
Krebs cycle → glycolysis → electron transport
glycolysis → fermentation → Krebs cycle
27
Figure 12–4 shows the percentages of bases in a DNA sample. How much Thymine should you expect?
22%
24%
28%
44%
28
Photosynthesis is to chloroplasts as cellular respiration is to
mitochondria.
nuclei.
cytoplasm.
chloroplasts.
29
Which of the following is NOT a principle of the cell theory?
All living things are made of cells.
Very few cells are able to reproduce.
Cells are the basic units of life.
All cells are produced from existing cells.
30
Which organelle converts the chemical energy stored in food into compounds that are more convenient for the cell to use?
mitochondrion
chloroplast
endoplasmic reticulum
Golgi apparatus
31
What would be an example of the three parts of a nucleotide in DNA?
phosphate groups, guanine, and cytosine
deoxyribose, phosphate group, and guanine
phosphate groups, guanine, and thymine
ribose, phosphate groups, and adenine
32
Which of the following enclose their DNA in a nucleus?
bacteria
eukaryotes
prokaryotes
viruses
33
Water molecules are polar, with the
oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly positive.
oxygen side being slightly positive and the hydrogen side being slightly ne
oxygen and hydrogen sides being slightly negative.
oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly po
34
In Figure 12–2 the structure labeled X is a(n)shows the structure of
a lipid
a nucleotide
an amino acid.
a phosphate
35
How many different allele combinations would be found in the gametes produced by a pea plant whose genotype was RrYY?
16
8
2
4
36
In what way are herbivores and carnivores alike?
They both are considered to be autotrophs.
They both directly consume producers.
They both use photosynthesis to make their own food.
They both obtain energy by consuming other organisms.
37
Which of the following structures serves as the cell's boundary from its environment?
Chloroplast
cell membrane
Mitochondrion
channel protein
38
A covalent bond is formed as the result of
sharing protons.
transferring electrons.
sharing electrons.
transferring protons.
39
The structure labeled A in Figure 10–5 is called the
spindle.
sister chromatid.
centromere.
centriole.
40
32. A multicellular organism begins life as a single cell—a fertilized egg with a complete set of chromosomes
Chromosomes duplicated before mitosis - each new cell has same info
are randomly distributed during division-some new cells are made
Chromosomes are divided evenly during division - each new cell has half
are stored in the original cell to direct the division of new cells
41
10 percent of the energy in an organism is passed to the next level. Some is used for life processes and the rest is
lost as heat
used in reproduction
stored as body tissue
stored as fat
42
Variation in human skin color is an example of
codominance.
multiple alleles.
polygenic traits.
incomplete dominance.
43
Compared to small cells, large cells have more trouble
storing needed materials and waste products.
dividing.
moving needed materials in and waste products out.
producing daughter cells.
44
The stroma is the region outside the
thylakoids.
Mitochondria
plant cells.
chloroplasts.
45
Figure 3–2 15. What goes in Box 5 of the food web in Figure 3–2?
herbivores
scavengers
decomposers
carnivores
46
Energy is released from ATP when
a phosphate group is added.
adenine bonds to ribose.
a phosphate group is removed.
ATP is exposed to sunlight.
47
The repeated movement of water between Earth's surface and the atmosphere is called
evaporation.
precipitation.
the condensation cycle.
the water cycle.
48
The main energy source for all living things is
chlorophyll
oxygen
the sun
carbon
49
Science is best described as a
collection of beliefs.
list of rules.
way of knowing.
set of facts.
50
During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests
a control group.
a conclusion.
a single variable.
a mass of information.
51
How do organisms get the energy they need?
by using the sun's energy to break down food molecules and form chemicals
by breathing oxygen into the lungs and combining it with carbon dioxide
by breaking down food and gradually and capturing their chemical energy
by burning food molecules and releasing their energy as heat
52
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
pinocytosis.
osmotic pressure.
osmosis.
active transport.
53
When during the cell cycle are chromosomes visible?
only during the G1 phase
only when they are being replicated
only during interphase
only during cell division
54
The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
homeostasis.
evolution.
metabolism.
photosynthesis.
55
As a cell becomes larger, its
surface area stays the same, but its volume increases.
volume increases faster than its surface area.
volume increases, but its surface area stays the same.
surface area increases faster than its volume.
56
Which of the following is a function of the nucleus?
builds proteins
stores DNA
packages proteins
stores sugars