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Physical Midterm Review
Physical Midterm Review
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1
Which of the following is NOT one of the four fields of anthropology?
Cultural
Linguistic
Physical
Spiritual
2
The catarrhine nose is found among the:
Prosimians
Old World monkeys
New World monkeys
All of these
3
What is genetic drift?
A new population of a species is established
Evolution marked by periods of rapid change
Alleles with low frequencies may not be passed to offspring
The exchange of genes between populations
4
Which of the following is NOT a factor in dominance ordering?
Age
Size
Mother
Sex
5
In terms of mating activities, humans differ from most other primates in that:
all of these
humans females and males form monogamous pair bonds
human females generally conceal ovulation
human adults are potentially receptive to mating at all time
6
An altruistic act, while being detrimental to the individual, may raise that individual's:
inclusive fitness
reproductive potential
gene-based fitness
kin-based fitness
7
The principle of uniformitarianism refers to the concept that:
geological processes today are the same as those in the past
the laws of heredity are universal
evolution occurs in a uniform manner for every species
all of these
8
What is pentadactylism?
The processes of fossilization
Having a five digit hand
A tail capable of grasping
An extinct flying reptile
9
The genotype of a population is known as the:
allele sum
gene equilibrium
genetic load
gene pool
10
Overlapping eyesight that allows for depth perception in primates is called what?
Miopic vision
Stereoscopic vision
Binomial vision
Microscopic vision
11
When scientists say that evolution is a theory they mean that evolution is:
an educated guess
accepted by the majority of scientists
one of several explanations for the diversity of life
a general principle supported by a mass of data
12
Mammals are characterized by:
heterodont dentition
four and chambered heart
hair and fur
all of these
13
Male gorillas generally weigh about ______, while females are often closer to ______.
600 lbs, 300 lbs
200 lbs, 200 lbs
400 lbs, 200 lbs
300 lbs, 400 lbs
14
Binomial nomenclature refers to each organism being named by:
species and subspecies
kingdom and phylum
genus and species
class and order
15
The transmission of information from a sender to a receiver is termed:
communication
call system
speech
language
16
An early biological belief was that life is immutable, that is:
life was created once and only once
once created, a type of organism remains unchanged
an organism will eventually change into another organism
your professor created all life, and can take it all away
17
The principle of independent assortment states that:
all organisms pass on their genes in the same way
paired hereditary factors separate and form sex cells
no two organisms pass on their genes in the same way
inheritance of differing traits are separate from each other
18
Microevolution is a(n):
change in physical appearance over time
progress toward a more humanlike condition over time
change in allele frequencies over time
increase in complexity over time
19
___________ occurs when people view other cultures from an inherently biased perspective
Anthropocentrism
Facism
Ethnocentrism
Relativism
20
About how old is our planet, Earth?
4.6 billion years
700 million years
2.3 billion years
200 million years
21
Swedish botanist _________________ is known as the founder of modern taxonomy.
Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
Max Power
Carolus Linnaeus
Georges Cuvier
22
Which of the following statements is true regarding baboon dominance hierarchies?
Females only form dominance hierarchies during breeding
High-ranking males are the offspring of high-ranking females
Dominance positions are unstable and change frequently
Dominance interactions take the form of biting or scratching
23
A mother of blood type A has a child with blood type B. From this we know the mother:
must really have the blood type AB
is homozygous dominant for the trait
could have several possible genotypes
is heterozygous for the trait
24
Tool manufacturing among wild chimpanzees is an example of:
innate behavior
imitation of humans
Proper silliness
learned behavior
25
The ____________ era is known as the Age of Mammals.
Eoarchean
Paleozoic
Cenozoic
Mesozoic
26
Meiosis is the process by which:
you study for physical anthropology
replacement of cells occur in multicellular animals
single cell organisms reproduce
gametes are produced
27
Fitness is a measure of:
how well adapted an individual is to an ecological niche
the health of a population of animals in a specific habitat
how well two different species are able to share a habitat
how much you can lift, bro
28
How many pairs of chromosomes are there in human genomes?
46
2
21
23
29
Which of the following traits is found exclusively among New World monkeys:
rhinarium
opposable thumb
stereoscopic vision
prehensile tail
30
An allele is:
an X-linked gene
an alternate form of a gene
the dominant form of a gene
the recessive form of a gene
31
DNA sequence that can be directly compared between human and chimp genomes are ___ identical.
98%
50%
75%
89%
32
Physically, the nuclear DNA molecule can be described as a:
double helix
sphere
two-dimensional ladder
snake eating its own tail
33
The term phenotype refers to:
an individual's genetic make-up
a trait which is recessive
a trait which is dominant
an observable or measurable characteristic
34
In the DNA molecule the base cytosine always forms a complementary pair with:
adenine
antidisestablishmentarianism
guanine
thymine
35
Chimpanzees:
all of these
are closely related to bonobos
are knuckle-walkers
live in fission-fusion groups
36
The science of classifying organisms into different categories is known as:
paleontology
phylogeny
cladonomy
taxonomy
37
A person is phenotypically male only if that individual has:
an XY chromosome combination
at least one Y chromosome
Y chromosomes which outnumber the X chromosomes
one X chromosome
38
The most fiercely defended portion of land occupied is called the ___________.
Core area
Home range
Territory
Crib
39
The subfield of physical anthropology includes the study of:
human biological variation
human genetics
forensic anthropology
all of these
40
Closely related species that live in the same region may be isolated because:
there are slight differences in the niches that they occupy
their breeding seasons are not at the same time
all of these
any hybrid individual may be inviable or sterile
41
A taxonomic "branch" that includes a common ancestor and all of its descendants is a _________.
Clade
Homoplasy
Hierarchy
Phylum
42
Which taxonomic group contains the greatest number of organisms:
class
phylum
order
species
43
Gibbon behavior is characterized by:
conflicts between groups that often lead to serious injuries
frequent fighting between adult males in the group
male troupes attacking other groups for resources
territorial conflicts expressed by vocalization and display
44
In general, the lemuriformes are characterized by:
nocturnal habits
all of these
sagital crests
prehensile tails
45
The unit of evolution is the:
individual
family unit
breeding pair
reproductive population
46
Larger size of canine teeth in the male baboon as compared with the female is an example of:
altruistic development
biological selection
heterodontism
sexual dimorphism
47
A heterozygote is a diploid individual that has:
two different alleles for the same gene
the same alleles for differing genes
the same alleles for the same gene
two different alleles for differing genes
48
Charles Darwin:
disproved the biblical account of creation
was first to apply science to examining evolution
proved that evolution had occurred
provided a mechanism to explain how evolution works
49
A single species evolved into many upon entering a new habitat. This is an example of:
additive speciation
phyletic gradualism
ancestral diversion
adaptive radiation
50
True brachiation is found in:
Gorillas
Baboons
Gibbons
Tarsiers
