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Aquatic Diversity
Aquatic Diversity
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1
Which approach to estimating marine fish populations is the most beneficial to fish populations?
commercial sustained yield
maximum sustained yield
optimum sustained yield
minimum sustained yield
2
In lakes, the open-water surface layer is called the
limnetic zone.
profundal zone.
littoral zone.
benthic zone.
3
When fish populations are temporarily reduced due to overfishing, they are said to be
economically extinct
commercially extinct
locally extinct
ecologically extinct
4
All of the following statements about invasive exotic species are true EXCEPT:
They may be plant or animal species.
They are generally introduced by human activity.
They may compete with native species for food.
They tend to have low reproductive rates.
5
Which of the following best describes a swordfish?
nekton
crustacean
cetaceans
zooplankton
6
Which of the following statements is
true
of aquatic biomes?
Freshwater biomes are a vital source of drinking water.
Marine biomes include streams, rivers, ponds, and lakes.
Freshwater biomes supply more of Earth’s oxygen than marine biomes
Freshwater and marine biomes are evenly distributed on Earth.
7
NC obtained a permit to fill an existing wetland in accordance with the Clean Water Act (What do you call this)
restoration
remediation
mitigation
preservation
8
Lakes that have few minerals and low productivity are referred to as
autotrophic.
oligotrophic.
mesotrophic.
eutrophic.
9
All of the following are characteristics of a Eutrophic lake
except
low productivity
Gently sloping shorelines
Silt, sand, clay bottom
Wide littoral zone
10
Oceans cover about ____ of the earth's surface.
70%
50%
80%
60%
11
What are the "High Seas"?
ocean areas policed by international forces
Where you find Pirates
large storm generated waves
ocean areas beyond any country's legal jurisdiction
12
Salmon farming threatens the health of wild salmon primarily because
farmed salmon may pose a health risk to humans from antibiotics
salmon farming prevents interbreeding with wild salmon
farmed salmon can spread parasites and disease to wild salmon
farmed salmon compete with wild salmon for spawning sites
13
Characteristics that tend to increase the risk of a species becoming endangered include all of the following
except
?
Being a generalist
Having a very limited distribution
Having a small population size
Being a specialist at the end of a long food chain
14
The twilight (dimly lit) zone of the sea is the
bathyal zone.
abyssal zone.
profundal zone.
euphotic zone.
15
In which zone of a river would an ecologist look for a deep meandering stream?
headwater zone
transitional zone
floodplain zone
benthic zone
16
CITES treaty has been helpful in protecting endangered animals and plants by
funding projects for breeding endangered plants and animals
listing all species that can be hunted, traded, and used commercialy
listing those species and products whose international trade is controlled
preventing the hunting of whales and dolphins
17
The greatest threat to most species is
climate change.
reduction of habitats.
sport hunting.
water pollution.
18
Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because
as primary producers, they must be accessible to many other organisms
they feed on zooplankton, which are found only in the top layers of water
sunlight does not penetrate to great depths in water
they can most readily hide from predators there
19
The major biological source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean comes from
metabolic processes of coral in reefs
decomposition of organic sediments on the ocean floor
photosynthesis by zooplankton
photosynthesis by phytoplankton
20
The world's largest hydroelectric power system is found on the
Amazon River.
Columbia River.
Mississippi River
Colorado River.
21
The zone which contains the greatest diversity
D
A
E
B
22
In lakes, large numbers of decomposers are found in the
profundal zone.
littoral zone.
limnetic zone.
benthic zone.
23
What are cetaceans?
whales and porpoises
people from the Ceté
penguins
sea turtles
24
The major cause for the decline in the worldwide catch of fish since 1990 is
overfishing
competition from aquaculture
escalating price of fuel
acid deposition
25
Who is responsible for creating MPA's and Red Lists?
CITES
FART
IUCN
ESA
26
Where is most of the marine biodiversity found?
coral reefs
estuaries
salt flats
tide pools
27
Which best characterizes an area that forms the narrow band along the coast that experience a range of conditions
Lakes
Open ocean
Coral reefs
Intertidal zones
28
Mangrove swamps serve all of the following functions except
entrapment of sediment washed off the land.
nursery for many aquatic organisms.
prevention of typhoon and hurricane damage.
salt mining
29
In terms of biodiversity, the tropical rain forest is to land environments as the ____ is to water environments.
euphotic zone
bathyal zone
coral reef
abyssal zone
30
Population biologists are concerned about introduced species such as the zebra mussel in North America because
the introduced species compete for resources more effectively than native s
their removal from their native habitat has a negative impact
their introduction will require more land to be protected
these species often become endangered when they are placed in a new habitat
31
The deepest part of the ocean is the
profundal zone.
hadal zone.
abyssal zone.
bathyal zone.
32
Which of the following would likely reduce the threats posed by exotic species to native species?(select all that apply)
Mandating that bilgewater from vessels be emptied in ports
everything trapped by large bottom trawl nets is used for food
Increasing inspections of goods coming into a country
restrict imported materials such as untreated wood products or crates
33
Which of the following is most likely to result from destruction of wetlands surrounding a river?
a decreased level of pollutants such as nitrates in the river
an increased level of oxygen in the river
a decreased sediment load in the river
an increased frequency of flooding of the river valley
34
What is the largest wetlands restoration project?
the Everglades
Chesapeake Bay
Dismal Swamp
Lake Michigan
35
Fish adapted to cool, dark water are found in the zone of lakes called the
bathyl zone.
abyssal zone.
profundal zone.
littoral zone.
36
Which of the following best explains why the maximum sustainable yield for ocean fisheries has been exceeded?
Populations of fish-eating birds such as the albatross have increased.
Too many fish of reproductive age are harvested.
Too many marine fish farms have been created.
Everything trapped by large bottom trawl nets is used for food.
37
Which of the following has the
least
impact on Coral Reefs
sediment
La Nina
pH
ocean temperature
38
Putting blue bird houses around campus is an example of restoration ecology
True
False
39
"Mitigation banking" refers to
debt-for-nature swaps.
auctioning wetlands.
the federal policy of zero net loss of wetlands.
creating or restoring as much wetlands as are destroyed.
40
When did the International Whaling Commission place a ban on commercial whaling?
2018
1970
1946
1986
41
All of the following organisms would be considered part of the benthos except
sand worms
lobster
tuna
oysters
42
Which of the following pairs are
not
properly matched in terms of their introduction
nutria - Asian carp
tegu - python
snake head fish - sea lamprey
lion fish - zebra mussel
43
Estuaries exhibit
constant temperature and salinity.
constant temperature and variable salinity.
variable temperature and constant salinity.
variable temperature and salinity.
44
All of the following reduce bycatch
except
tori line
Circle Hook
Trawl net
TED
45
The zone in which species are adapted to the lowest light and the highest pressure
B
C
D
E
46
legislation was passed to criminalize poaching, set limits on fish catch. Which of the following threats would decrease
habitat loss
climate and natural disasters
pollution
overharvesting
47
The Nutria and the Asian Carp were accidentally introduced to the United States.
False
True