Biology Keystone Review

Question 1

What term refers to the site of protein synthesis?

Accepted Answer

Ribosome

Question 2

organelle responsible for production, processing, &transportation of molecules in & out of cell

Accepted Answer

endoplasmic reticulum

Question 3

system composed of organisms and non living parts of an environment

Accepted Answer

ecosystem

Question 4

the measure of acidity or alkalinity of a solution

Accepted Answer

pH

Question 5

smallest unit of an element that retains the chemical and physical properties of the element

Accepted Answer

atom

Question 6

anatomical unit composed of tissues serving a common function

Accepted Answer

organs

Question 7

What term describes an organism associated with a water environment?

Accepted Answer

Aquatic

Question 8

What is an alternative form of a gene?

Accepted Answer

Allele

Question 9

organic compound that is insoluble in water, a source of stored energy, & part of cell membrane

Accepted Answer

lipids

Question 10

Movement of substances from low to high concentrations, using energy

Accepted Answer

Active Transport

Question 11

basic unit of structure and function for all living organisms

Accepted Answer

cell

Question 12

trait in which phenotype is controlled by 2 or more genes

Accepted Answer

polygenic trait

Question 13

specialized cell used in sexual reproduction with half the number of chromosomes

Accepted Answer

gametes

Question 14

Which term describes something outside of the cell?

Accepted Answer

Extracellular

Question 15

subunit within a cell with a specialized function

Accepted Answer

organelle

Question 16

polymer with a high molecular mass; carbohydrates, proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids

Accepted Answer

macromolecule

Question 17

when the phenotype of one allele is expressed in a homozygous and heterozygous genotype

Accepted Answer

dominant

Question 18

Segment of DNA that provides a blueprint for a specific inherited trait

Accepted Answer

Gene

Question 19

scientific study of inheritance

Accepted Answer

genetics

Question 20

Which does not describe the nucleus of a cell?

Accepted Answer

In prokaryotic cells

Question 21

macromolecule containing C, H, O, and N; performs structural and regulatory functions in cells

Accepted Answer

proteins

Question 22

What is the term that describes a nonliving factor in an ecosystem?

Accepted Answer

Abiotic

Question 23

different populations of organisms interacting in a shared environment

Accepted Answer

community

Question 24

when genetic material is passed from parents to offspring

Accepted Answer

inheritance

Question 25

exchange of genetic material between homologous chromosomes creating genetic diversity

Accepted Answer

crossing over

Question 26

substance that increases the rate of a reaction (faster) without being used up

Accepted Answer

catalyst

Question 27

single celled organism lacking specialized organelles and membrane bound nucleus

Accepted Answer

prokaryote

Question 28

proteins embedded in plasma membrane involved in movement of substances in and out of cells

Accepted Answer

carrier

Question 29

site of cellular respiration; makes ATP

Accepted Answer

mitochondria

Question 30

Organism associated with a land environment

Accepted Answer

Terrestrial

Question 31

position of an organism in relation to the flow of energy through an ecosystem

Accepted Answer

trophic level

Question 32

molecule that provides energy for cellular reactions and processes

Accepted Answer

ATP

Question 33

Observable expression of a genotype

Accepted Answer

phenotype

Question 34

biological macromolecule composed of C,H, N, O, AND P that carries genetic information

Accepted Answer

Nucleic Acids

Question 35

scientific study of life

Accepted Answer

biology

Question 36

process in which an mRNA strand is made from a DNA strand

Accepted Answer

transcription

Question 37

organism using a primary energy source to conduct photosynthesis or chemosynthesis

Accepted Answer

producer

Question 38

macromolecule containing carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio, major source of energy

Accepted Answer

carbohydrates

Question 39

series of events in a cell leading to its division and duplication

Accepted Answer

cell cycle

Question 40

What term describes a close relationship between organisms?

Accepted Answer

Symbiosis

Question 41

organelle responsible for processing proteins for release from the cell

Accepted Answer

golgi apparatus

Question 42

process in which the mRNA molecule is decoded to produce a sequence of amino acids for proteins

Accepted Answer

translation

Question 43

large area or region with distinct plant and animal groups adapted to that environment

Accepted Answer

biome

Question 44

regulatory process in which an organism regulates its internal environment

Accepted Answer

homeostasis

Question 45

a gene associated with a trait that is carried by either male or female parent

Accepted Answer

sex linked

Question 46

area that provides an organism with its basic needs for survival

Accepted Answer

habitat

Question 47

nuclear division resulting in two genetically identical, somatic cells

Accepted Answer

mitosis

Question 48

two phase nuclear division resulting in production of gametes

Accepted Answer

meiosos

Biology Keystone Review

Questions 48

Biology Keystone Review

Questions 48