Which action shows concern for the environment with regards to the resources of the oceans?

setting limits on fish harvesting in the oceans

Recent changes in species can be found in the upper layers of rock. This provides a link b/w which two scientific ideas?

the theory of evolution and the Law of Superposition

Which best describes uniformitarianism?

The processes that shape Earth continue as they have since Earth formed.

Which is the best reason for scientists to study ice cores obtained from Earth’s ice caps?

to study past climates by analyzing trapped gases and particles

In the United States, which is responsible for ensuring the safety of the country’s drinking water?

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Which would indicate the water in a lake is not safe for drinking?

high turbidity levels in the lake

If a lake has excess levels of phosphates and nitrates in its water, what will most likely result?

The growth of algae in the lake will increase

Which best describes the characteristics of a river basin?

the land drained by a river and its tributaries

Which statement best describes the Law of Superposition?

In undisturbed sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks

Which best represents the flow of energy within an aquatic ecosystem?

sunlight → algae → insects → fish → turtle

What effect does the water cycle have on the total amount of water on Earth?

The total amount of water on Earth remains relatively constant

What do earthquakes tell scientists about the history of the planet?

The continents of Earth are continually moving

How do scientists know that some mountains were once at the bottom of an ocean?

Marine fossils have been found on the peaks of some mountains.

Which supports the theory that some mountains were once at the bottom of an ocean?

Fossils of marine organisms are found on the tops of some mountains

Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?

Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.

How would a large increase in the salinity of an estuary most likely affect the ecosystem of the estuary?

#of salt-tolerant organism increase & #of salt-intolerant organism decrease

Why is water from an aquifer more likely to be cleaner than water from other sources?

because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth

How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?

They bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters

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NC 8th Grade Earth Science Review

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Questions 27

Answers

1
Which action shows concern for the environment with regards to the resources of the oceans?
developing technology which will allow for an increase in fish harvesting
filling in oceanfront wetlands in order to extend beachfront properties
allowing factories to release untreated wastewater into the oceans
setting limits on fish harvesting in the oceans
2
In which oceanic zone do clams and crabs survive by burrowing in the sand?
open ocean
oceanic
intertidal
deep ocean
3
Recent changes in species can be found in the upper layers of rock. This provides a link b/w which two scientific ideas?
the periodic nature of the elements and cell theory
the Law of Superposition and the periodic nature of the elements
cell theory and the theory of evolution
the theory of evolution and the Law of Superposition
4
Where is most of Earth’s freshwater located?
in the ground
in the ocean
in the clouds
in the ice caps
5
Which is the most accurate method scientists use to predict the age of Earth?
relative dating of rock layers
comparing the ages of different fossils
investigating core samples from the Arctic
radioactive dating of rocks
6
Which best describes uniformitarianism?
The movement of the continents no longer occurs b/c of changes in currents.
The time it takes for erosion to occur has changed since Earth first formed
The formation of rock layers has slowed b/c humans
The processes that shape Earth continue as they have since Earth formed.
7
Which is the best reason for scientists to study ice cores obtained from Earth’s ice caps?
to study past climates by analyzing trapped gases and particles
to determine the rate of melting in polar regions
to evaluate potential oil drilling sites
to study the quality of water stored in glaciers
8
In the United States, which is responsible for ensuring the safety of the country’s drinking water?
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
Center for Disease Control (CDC)
9
Which would indicate the water in a lake is not safe for drinking?
cold water temperature of the lake
high dissolved-oxygen levels in the lake
high turbidity levels in the lake
many varieties of fish in the lake
10
If a lake has excess levels of phosphates and nitrates in its water, what will most likely result?
The growth of algae in the lake will increase
The turbidity levels of the lake will decrease
The temperature of the lake water will decrease
The dissolved-oxygen levels in the lake will increase
11
Which best describes the characteristics of a river basin?
the land formed when rivers create estuaries and marshes
the land drained by a river and its tributaries
the land formed as a result of a river flooding
the land at the mouth of a river where water flows into the ocean
12
Which allows scientists to investigate what Earth’s climate was like over the past 740,000 years?
ice cores
faults
volcanic deposits
fossils
13
Which statement best describes the Law of Superposition?
Rocks that form near volcanoes are older than surrounding rock
in undisturbed sedimentary rock, upper layers are older than lower rock
sedimentary layer of rock represents 1,000 yrs of age, like rings of a tree
In undisturbed sedimentary rock, the lowest layers contain the older rocks
14
Which best determines the health of a lake used as a source of freshwater?
its depth and width
its temperature and pH
its location and depth
its temperature and depth
15
Which best represents the flow of energy within an aquatic ecosystem?
sunlight → insects → algae → fish → turtle
insects → algae → fish → turtle → sunlight
sunlight → algae → insects → fish → turtle
algae → insects → fish → turtle → sunlight
16
What effect does the water cycle have on the total amount of water on Earth?
The total amount of water on Earth remains relatively constant
The total amount of water on Earth is constantly increasing
The total amount of H20 on Earth changes due to global warming and cooling.
The total amount of water on Earth is constantly decreasing.
17
Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?
more aquatic life
fewer nitrates
higher water temperatures
less nutrients in the water
18
What do earthquakes tell scientists about the history of the planet?
The oceans are much deeper today than millions years ago.
The continents of Earth are continually moving
Earth’s climate is constantly changing
Dinosaurs became extinct about 65 million years ago
19
How do scientists know that some mountains were once at the bottom of an ocean?
Saltwater fish are found in some mountain streams.
Marine fossils have been found on the peaks of some mountains.
Dinosaur bones have been discovered in the mountains
Freshwater rivers flow to the ocean
20
Which supports the theory that some mountains were once at the bottom of an ocean?
Freshwater rivers flow to the ocean.
Fossils of marine organisms are found on the tops of some mountains
There are underwater mountains on the ocean floor today
Both mountains and ocean floors have similar minerals in their rocks.
21
Which characteristic of water quality provides the most information regarding the health of a water system?
clarity
presence of indicator species
concentration of heavy metals
temperature
22
Which best explains why all of the Earth’s freshwater is not available for human use?
Most of Earth’s freshwater is only in lakes
Most of Earth’s freshwater is underground.
Most of Earth’s freshwater is still in the water cycle
Most of Earth’s freshwater is frozen water.
23
If a body of water has high turbidity levels, what can most likely be concluded?
It is unsafe to drink.
It has a low pH.
It is too hot to drink.
It contains a lot of chemical
24
How would a large increase in the salinity of an estuary most likely affect the ecosystem of the estuary?
All organisms would continue to live as they now do
#of salt-intolerant organism increase,& #of salt-tolerant organism decrease
All organisms would die.
#of salt-tolerant organism increase & #of salt-intolerant organism decrease
25
Why is water from an aquifer more likely to be cleaner than water from other sources?
because it forms where fresh and salt water meet
because it rises to the surface near the ocean
because pollutants are filtered by rock and soil deep within Earth
because it receives water directly from precipitation
26
How can upwellings improve fishing for ocean fishermen?
They cause ocean currents to remain calm.
They bring nutrients from the cold, deep ocean waters
They bring ocean currents from the equator.
They cause the ocean water to get warmer.
27
Which factors can have the greatest effect on the health of a river system?
nitrate levels and turbidity
natural disasters and tidal changes
type of soil and salinity
human consumption and pH

NC 8th Grade Earth Science Review Flashcards | StudBud