What does the presence of small crystals in a piece of igneous rock tell you about it?

The molten rock cooled very quickly

How can continental crust be thicker than oceanic crust yet still "float" on top of the mantle?

Continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust

Which activity is an example of an interaction between the hydrosphere and geosphere?

water eroding an underground cave

How should arrow 5 be labeled?

cooling and hardening, heat and pressure

Which increases faster with depth?

temperature because the line has a greater slope

What are the two kinds of crusts found on Earth?

oceanic crust and continental crust

Which layer(s) make up the asthenosphere?

crust and uppermost part of the mantle

What affects gravity?

the mass & distance between objects

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Earth Science Cascia 1st Sem

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Cascia 6th Grade science final study guide 2017

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Questions 100

Answers

1
Rocks farther from the mid-ocean ridge are:
thicker
denser
younger
older
2
A metamorphic rock that has layers of flat minerals is...
nonfoliated
nonclastic
clastic
foliated
3
As two objects move farther apart, what happens to the force of gravity between them?
it stays the same
it decreases
it increases, then decreases
it increases
4
Acid rain and oxidation are examples of _______ weathering.
mechanical
chemical
5
_____ is the force of attraction between two objects.
Gravity
Temperature
Pressure
Friction
6
Rocks formed when lava cools and crystallizes are...
clastic
intrusive
extrusive
sedimentary
7
What does the presence of small crystals in a piece of igneous rock tell you about it?
The molten rock cooled very quickly
The molten rock cooled evenly over time
The molten rock cooled deep underground
The molten rock cooled very slowly
8
A solar nebula is a cloud of...
dust, heat, and carbon dioxide
nitrogen, oxygen, and ice
gas, meteorites, and dust
gas, ice, and dust
9
Rain containing nitric acid, sulfuric acid, or carbonic acid is called...
salt water
acid rain
fresh water
precipitation
10
Which letter indicates a divergent boundary where a rift valley may occur?
A
C
B
11
The temperature of both cities averages 89^oF. Which city likely has more weathering of rocks?
Miami
San Diego
Impossible to know from this graph.
They would have the same weathering.
12
The downhill movement of a large mass rocks or soil due to gravity is called...
till erosion
deflation
talus
mass wasting
13
Which factor is greater at Earth's core than on it surface?
erosion
pressure and erosion
elevation
pressure
14
What is the correct order for forming some types of sedimentary rock?
layering-cementing-compacting
cementing-layering-compacting
compacting-layering-cementing
layering-compacting-cementing
15
Rocks formed when magma cools and hardens are...
sedimentary
clastic
extrusive
intrusive
16
The mineral crystals that form in slowly cooling magma are...
square
small
large
colorful
17
How should arrow 3 be labeled?
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
melting
compacting and cementing
18
Two examples of slow mass wasting are:
slump and creep
landslide and creep
mudslide and earthflow
creep and rush
19
Which type of landform is created by deposition?
a glacier
a valley
a valley and glacier
a dune
20
Sedimentary rocks formed from broken pieces of rock are...
biochemical
clastic
chemical
none of these
21
Identify a factor that is NOT responsible for the formation of sedimentary rock.
magma
cementation
river
compaction
22
How can continental crust be thicker than oceanic crust yet still "float" on top of the mantle?
Oceanic crust is watery, which makes it less dense
Continental crust is less dense than oceanic crust
Continental crust is anchored by mountains and will not sink
Continental crust is denser than oceanic crust
23
The ancient continent that contained all the continents is called:
Pangolly
Panini
Pangaea
Pantone
24
A large deposit of sediment that forms where a stream enters a large body of water is a...
moraine
floodplain
talus
delta
25
Frozen water on Earth is part of the...
biosphere
cryosphere
geosphere
hydrosphere
26
Which number represents the upper mantle?
2
3
4
1
27
Which activity is an example of an interaction between the hydrosphere and geosphere?
plants taking in carbon dioxide
earthworms moving through soil
water evaporation into the atmosphere
water eroding an underground cave
28
How should arrow 5 be labeled?
weathering and erosion
compacting and cementing
cooling and hardening
heat and pressure
29
Any rock can be changed to sediment by...
weathering
compaction
erosion
melting
30
Using the graph, what is the temperature at 2,000 km below Earth's surface?
4,000oC
2000oC
1,000oC
3,000oC
31
_____ states that continents are in constant motion on Earth's surface.
Plate drift
Sea floor spreading theory
Continental drift
Plate tectonics
32
Which substance is a part of Earth's geosphere?
air
oceans
clouds
rocks
33
Which increases faster with depth?
temperature because the line has a greater slope
pressure because the line has a greater slope
temperature because the line has a lesser slope
presser because the line has a lesser slope
34
A wind-blown deposit of silt and clay is called...
silt
clay
a moraine
loess
35
What are the two kinds of crusts found on Earth?
oceanic crust and continental crust
Bread crust and pie crust
pizza crust and Earth crust
lithosphere and asthenosphere
36
Figure A was formed by...
a rift
a glacier
a river
deflation
37
Living organisms on Earth are part of the...
cryosphere
geosphere
hydrosphere
biosphere
38
Earth's entire solid body is part of the...
cryosphere
biosphere
atmosphere
geosphere
39
Which layer(s) make up the asthenosphere?
crust, mantle, and core
crust and uppermost part of the mantle
part of the upper mantle
only the crust
40
Which letter indicates a convergent boundary where a trench may occur?
C
B
A
41
Figure B was formed by...
a rift
a glacier
a river
deflation
42
Which number represents the inner core?
3
5
4
2
43
How should arrow 4 be labeled?
compacting and cementing
heat and pressure
weathering and erosion
cooling and hardening
44
Moraines and outwash are landforms created by...
wind
running water
gravity
glaciers
45
Which of the following formed first in our solar system?
a black hole
the planets
moons
the Sun
46
When a stream flows from a steep, narrow canyon onto a plain it forms a deposit called...
a moraine
an outwash fan
a dune
an alluvial fan
47
Carbon dioxide and nitrogen are gases which are part of the...
lithosphere
hydrosphere
biosphere
atmosphere
48
What affects gravity?
the density of the object
the distance between objects
the mass & distance between objects
the mass of the object
49
The scraping away of rock particles by wind, water, or ice is called...
deposition
abrasion
inflation
deflation
50
All rocks are made up of _______.
sediments
magma
lava
minerals
51
Old crust is destroyed by _____ at ____.
subduction, a trench
induction, mid-ocean ridge
subduction, mid-ocean ridge
induction, a trench
52
Plates move apart at _____ boundaries.
transform
unvergent
convergent
divergent
53
Which type of erosion forms limestone caves?
steam erosion
groundwater erosion
wind erosion
chemical erosion
54
Which city has the most rainfall?
Impossible to know from this graph.
They have the same rainfall.
Miami
San Diego
55
Which process squeezes water and air from between sediment?
cementation
weathering
erosion
compaction
56
Coal is a rock formed from prehistoric plants. Coal is a ____.
metamorphic
sedimentary
igneous
organic
57
Most scientists rejected Wegener's theory because it failed to explain...
the force that moved continents
matching rock formations
continents with similar names
matching fossils
58
When the top of a sea arch falls into the water, a _____ forms.
sea stack
terrace
sea cave
split level
59
The layer of the upper mantle that can flow is the...
hydrosphere
lithosphere
inner core
asthenosphere
60
The difference between mechanical and chemical weathering is...
the length of time each takes to break up rock
the way they affect the composition of the rock
each occurs in only certain parts of the world
the only chemical weathering involves water
61
What causes pressure inside Earth to increase with depth?
Earth's core spins slower than its surface.
There is more iron in the center.
Earth's core spins faster than its surface.
Overlying rocks apply increasing pressure with depth.
62
Which number represents the outer core?
2
5
3
4
63
Alfred Wegener proposed the hypothesis of...
ridge push
seafloor spreading
plate tectonics
continental drift
64
Liquid water on Earth ispart of the...
hydrosphere
cryosphere
biosphere
geosphere
65
A _____ valley is a small glacial valley above a main glacial valley.
moraine
drumlin
elevated
hanging
66
New ocean crust is made at _____ by _____.
mid-ocean ridges by convergence
rifts by convergence
mid-ocean ridges by seafloor spreading
rifts by seafloor spreading
67
How should circle A be labeled?
sediments
minerals
magma
shells
68
What do scientists use to learn about Earth's layers?
mines
hurricanes
earthquake waves
wells
69
Which is part of the atmosphere?
Rock
Oxygen gas
the ocean
a tree
70
Subduction of the ocean floor takes place at...
mid-ocean ridges and rift valleys
trenches
mid-ocean ridges
rift valleys
71
The rapid movement of rocks and soil down a hillside is...
a landslide
deposition
a talus
deflation
72
Earthworms are part of the...
lithosphere
biosphere
atmosphere
hydrosphere
73
At the San Andreas fault (where earthquakes occur), plates slide by each other. What is this?
divergent plate boundary
transform plate boundary
convergent plate boundary
no plate boundary
74
Melted rock on Earth's surface is called...
lava
magma
iron
mantle
75
Melted rock inside Earth is called...
magma
mantle
iron
lava
76
Use the numbers in the chart to indicate the order of Earth's layers from the inside out.
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6
3, 4, 2, 6, 1, 5
5, 1, 6, 2, 4, 3
3, 4, 2, 1, 5, 6
77
Which letter indicates a transform boundary where crust is neither made nor destroyed?
B
A
C
78
Which describes temperature and pressure at Earth's center?
low pressure and high temperature
low pressure and low temperature
high pressure and high temperature
high pressure and low temperature
79
Which number represents the crust?
4
3
2
1
80
The youngest oceanic crust is found:
on continents
near continents
at mid-ocean ridges
in trenches
81
Which of these is not a cause of weathering?
soil
wind
glacier
river
82
The polar ice caps are part of the...
lithosphere
atmosphere
cryosphere
biosphere
83
Which process occurs in chemical weathering?
ice wedging
abrasion
dissolving
animals digging
84
Sedimentary rocks formed from the remains of living organisms are...
chemical
biochemical
none of these
clastic
85
Which number represents the lower mantle?
5
3
2
4
86
Which of the following support the theory of continental drift?
puzzle fit
fossils
rock formations
all of these
87
Weathering occurs fastest in ______ climates.
bitter cold
hot, dry
cold, dry
hot, wet
88
Which city has the least rainfall?
They have the same rainfall.
Impossible to know from this graph.
Miami
San Diego
89
How should circle B be labeled?
shells
minerals
sediments
magma
90
What is the product of weathering?
rust
water
high temperature
sediment
91
What is the shape of Earth?
sphere that bulges at the poles
slightly flattened sphere
disk-like
sphere
92
Ice wedging and plant roots are examples of _______ weathering.
chemical
mechanical
93
How should arrow 2 be labeled?
heat and pressure
compacting and cementing
melting
weathering and erosion
94
A rock changed by heat and pressure is a _____ rock.
sedimentary
igneous
organic
metamorphic
95
The processes involved in the rock cycle include all of the following, *EXCEPT* what?
identifying
weathering
compacting
melting
96
At what depth would the pressure be one million times that experienced from Earth's atmosphere?
2,000oC
4,000oC
3,000oC
1,000oC
97
Oxygen and iron combine crumbling rocks and turning them reddish brown. What is this called?
acid rain
dissolving in water
oxidation
pollution
98
Gases surrounding Earth are part of the...
biosphere
atmosphere
cryosphere
geosphere
99
How should arrow 1 be labeled?
heat and pressure
melting
compacting and cementing
weathering and erosion
100
What kind of rock is granite?
cementary
sedimentary
metamorphic
igneous

Earth Science Cascia 1st Sem Flashcards | StudBud