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Earth Science Semester 2 Exam 24/25 #3 Flashcards | StudBud
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Earth Science Semester 2 Exam 24/25 #3
Earth Science Semester 2 Exam 24/25 #3
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1
Uplifted mountains ____.
all of the above
are the result of erosional forces
have rocks that are not very deformed
form when a large region of Earth’s crust rises up as a unit
2
An example of a fossil with original preservation includes a(n) ____.
dinosaur footprint
insect imbedded in amber
coprolite
mold of a fish skeleton
3
Which of the following is marked by the appearance of organisms with hard parts?
beginning of the Cretaceous
beginning of the Cenozoic
end of the Precambrian
end of the Mesozoic
4
What is the correct label for “C” on the diagram?
Permian
Paleogene
Paleocene
Paleozoic
5
Which of the following is the smallest unit of time on the geologic time scale?
eon
epoch
era
period
6
In the process of isostatic rebound, mountains are eroded over hundreds of millions of years while crust below
sinks
splits
rises
converges
7
After millions of years of erosion, the Appalachian Mountains still exist because of
orogeny
erosion
continental drift
isostatic rebound
8
The principle of superposition can be used to determine.
the relative densities of these rock layers
the relative age of these rock layers
the actual temperatures of these rock layers
the actual age of these rock layers
9
What information about Earth's materials can be inferred by their arrangement in layers like this?
their temperatures
their order of formation
their relative densities
their relative ages
10
The Phanerozoic Eon includes the Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and
Tertiary epochs
Jurassic periods
Cenozoic eras
Cenozoic periods.
11
Why are fossils from the Phanerozoic more likely to be found than fossils from other eons
during the Phanerozoic organisms had hard body parts
During the Phanerozoic the most ancient organisms existed
during the Phanerozoic eon organisms were microscopic
During the Phanerozoic the organisms had only soft parts
12
Index fossils are fossils of organisms that __.
are not widely distributed geographically
lived over a short period of time
are not easily recognized
are scarce
13
What characteristic of radioactive decay makes it useful for determining the absolute age of samples?
changes based on temperature
Occurs at a constant rate
Slows down in very dense samples
speeds up under high pressure
14
What is the hardened tree sap called in which fossils may be preserved
gastroliths
trace fossils
coprolites
amber
15
Fault-block mountains ____.
form when two continental plates collide
form when large pieces of crust are dropped btw large faults
form above a subduction zone
all of the above
16
Using the graph, determine the half-life of thorium-232.
28 billion years
14 billion years
7 billion years
35 billion years
17
Which of the following is used to determine the absolute age of a rock?
correleation
radiometric dating
relative age dating
permineralization
18
The amount of time it takes for one-half of the original amount of an isotope to decay is known as its
correlation
half-life
radioactivity
period
19
Evolution is the process by which organisms
adapt to changes in their environments
become preserved by mineral replacement
digest and grind their food
leave behind evidence of their existence
20
The oldest rock layer in an undisturbed rock sequence occurs ____.
at the top of the sequence
at the bottom of the sequence
below the sedimentary rock layer
below the unconformity
21
Molds, casts, coprolites, and petrified wood are all example of ____.
unconformities
radioactive isotopes
fossils
disconformities
22
The shaded area of which graph represents the percentage of geologic time that is part of the Precambrian?
D
A
C
B
23
the archean and proterozoic are examples of
periods
eons
epochs
eras
24
Which of the following is true of eras?
They are measured in terms of billions of years.
Their names are based on the relative ages of life-forms.
measured in terms of tens to hundreds of millions of years.
Examples include the Paleocene and Oligocene.
25
When part of the rock record is destroyed, the erosional gap that forms is a(n) _
unconformity
key bed
inclusion
superposition
26
Which type of unconformity occurs when sedimentary rock overlies igneous rock?
disconformity
angular unconformity
conformity
nonconformity
27
Which of the following lists the units of geologic time in order from shortest to longest?
Epoch, eon, period, era
Era, eon, period, epoch
Epoch, period, era, eon
Eon, era, period, epoch
28
An example of a trace fossil includes a
worm trail
raindrop impression
cast of a clam
mud crack
29
Radiocarbon dating can be used to determine the age of what type of materials?
igneous rock
organic materials
living organisms
lava flows
30
An example of a fossil with altered hard parts includes _____.
a saber-toothed cat in tar
a gastrolith
petrified wood
a mummified human body
