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Arthropoda (Animal Biology Exam 3) Flashcards | StudBud
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Arthropoda (Animal Biology Exam 3)
Arthropoda (Animal Biology Exam 3)
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1
what is true about Crustacean Reproduction
Dioecious (except barnacles)
Mating Occurs Following Female Molt (Ecdysis)
Broods of eggs
Larval or Direct Development(Nauplius larva this is the larval)
2
which is true about paired joined appendages?
Less Efficient andDynamic Locomotion
One on each lateral side
Two on each lateral side
More Efficient andDynamic Locomotion
3
Chiggers drink dissolved tissue
True
False
4
Metamorphosis: change from one developmental stageto another (e.g., larva to adult)
False
True
5
American dog tick– Transmits RockyMountain Spotted fever
True
False
6
Active Hunters (attack and ambush)-Inject immobilizing venom
True
False
7
Phylum Arthropoda Taxonomy: Subphylum Trilobitomorpha (Trilobites) are...
Are not alive today (Extinct)
Still alive today
8
Silk-producingglands andspinnerets
False
True
9
Biramous: Split Branch withEnd-to-End Segments
False
True
10
what is Tagmatization?
thorax
Highly modified across Arthropoda
Each with paired jointed appendages
Tagmata:specialized body regions
11
Pedicel
attaches prosomaand opisthosoma
does nothing
12
what is true about Subphylum Crustacea – Class Branchiopoda
Primarily freshwater
Important role in food webs and asmodel organism for science
Fairy shrimp, brine shrimp,water fleas
• Sexual• Parthenogenetic (Asexual)– Embryo from unfertilized egg
13
which is true about the ecdysis process?
4-7 molts until adulthood
cuticle does not grow
does not allow shedding
hormone mediated
14
SubphylumHexapoda:Class Insecta
True
False
15
what is true about Order Scorpionida
Nocturnal predators
Large “claw” pedipalps
Stinging apparatus (venom)
Tropical to temperate regions
16
Subphylum Chelicerata have 2 Tagmata (what are they)?
Prosoma (Cephalothorax)
Head
Opisthosoma (Abdomen)
Antennae
17
Class Chilopoda: Reproduction
Males deposit spermatophore in net
Fertilized eggs deposited in ground & Internal Fertilization
Females produce silk net & Parental guarding in some species
Female inserts spermatophore intogonoduct (reproductive opening)
18
Spinnerets Discharge Silk
True
False
19
what is true about Subphylum Crustacea – Class Malacostraca
Crabs, lobsters,crayfish, shrimp,krill, isopods,amphipods
Largest Class ofCrustaceans
20
Prosoma (Cephalothorax) function?
Sensory
feeding
reproductive
locomotion
21
what is true about Crustacean Nervous and Sensory Systems?
Chemoreceptors, Mechanoreceptors, Statocysts
Compound Eyes (Ommatidia)
Cerebral Ganglion (“Brain”) controls:all of the following
Ocelli (light/dark sensing)
22
Subphylum Crustacea – Class Malacostraca
False
True
23
what is true about Chiggers
Dissolve tissue(not blood)
Form Stylostome(hardened tube)to feed on hosts
Dissolve tissue(including blood)
Adults free living,larvae parasitic
24
Common Ticksin Oklahoma
Red Blood Dog tick
American Cat tick
Deer or Black-legged tick
American dog tick
25
Class Diplopoda
Millipedes
Predators
Centipedes
Usually herbivorous orscavengers
26
Ecdysozoans shed/molt cuticle
False
True
27
what is true about Crustacean Feeding and Digestion
Complete Gut
Enlarged stomach– Storing, grinding,and sorting
No Cilia– Muscles move food– Feeding current createdby appendages/setae
All feeding strategies(predator, herbivore,scavenger, filter feeder etc.)
28
Ecdysis: molting (shedding) of cuticle to allow growth
True
False
29
what is true about class Chilopoda: Centipedes
Legs are uniramous
1 pair legs per segment
1 pair antennae
Mandibles (Predatory)
30
Males Can Pay a High Cost to Mate!(pedipalp breaks off to 'plug' female)?
False
True
31
what are the two classes under Subphylum Crustacea
Class Diplopoda
Class Malacostraca
Class Branchiopoda
Class Insecta
32
Class Merostomata is virtuallyunchanged over millions of years
True
False
33
Chelicerae
antennae
Sensory appendages
mandibles
mouthpart
34
Versatile Cuticular Exoskeletonfunction?
waxy
secreted by epidermis
thick
chitin bound with protein
35
Crustacean Ecdysisis hormone regulated
True
False
36
Order Araneae: Reproduction
Oviparous:eggs hatch after being laidEggs laid in cocoon/egg sa
Pedipalp: inserts sperm intofemale genital opening
Complex Courtship Behavior-Pheromones
37
Insects are the mostsuccessful animals on Earth! (3,500 to7,000 newspeciesdescribedeach year)
True
False
38
what is true about Subphylum Myriapoda
Uniramous Appendages
Terrestrial
Two tagmata:1) head2) multi-segment trunk– Many segments
Dioecious / Oviparous
39
Sedentary (sit-and-wait)-Trap in web
True
False
40
Order Araneae arePredatory
True
False
41
Viviparous:means live birth (order Scorpionida does this)
True
False
42
Chelicerae fangs with venom glands (most venom is harmless to humans)
False
True
43
what is true about Class Diplopoda:Millipedes
Mandibles (Herbivory)
Repugnatorial Glands
2 pairs legs per segment
1 pair antennae• Legs are uniramous
44
Order Scorpionida: Scorpions
False
True
45
Subphylum Chelicerata have 4 pairs of walking legs
False
True
46
Subphylum Crustacea – Class Branchiopoda
False
True
47
the compund eye is good at detecting movement
True
False
48
Class Chilopoda
Venomous Fangs
Predators
Usually herbivorous orscavengers
Centipedes
49
Black Widowfacts
Males harmless
Webs in dark,sheltered sites
Neurotoxic Venom
Five species in US
50
Crustacean Respiration, Circulation, GasExchange, Excretory & Osmoregulation (Metabolic function)
“Green Glands” in some species
Metabolic waste excretion
Base of Antennae/Maxillae
51
what is the Metamerism do?
no internal septa
externally segmented bodies
does nothing just looks cool
protection
52
What is true about Phylum Arthropod?
have a cuticular exoskeleton
have jointed appendages
over 1 million species described and 30-50 million species undescribed
have segmentation (metamerism) -tagmata
53
what are the two classes under Subphylum Chelicerata
Class Class Arachnida
Oder Acarina
Class Araneae
Class Merostomata (Horseshoe crabs)
54
what classes are in subphylum Hexapoda
Class Malacostraca
Class Insecta
Class Merostomata (Horseshoe crabs)
Class Arachnida
55
Ecological Role is Massive and Diverse
True
False
56
Opisthosoma (Abdomen) function?
excretory
Digestive
reproductive
respiratory
57
what are the 4 orders under Class Arachnida?
Order Opiliones (Daddy longlegs)
Order Scorpionida (Scorpions)
Order Araneae (True spiders)
Order Acarina (Mites and ticks)
58
which is true about this Phylum's high reproductive output?
Is less effective than internal reproduction
short generation times – high genetic diversity
reproduce often
produce 100s or 1000s of eggs / reproduction
59
what are the two classes under Subphylum Myriapoda?
Class Diplopoda
Class Chilopoda
Class Merostomata (Horseshoe crabs)
Class Arachnida
60
Increased trophic breadth: Larvae andAdults exploitdifferent habitatsand resources
False
True
61
Deer or Black-legged tick– Common vector forLyme disease
True
False
62
Order Araneae (Spider) Body Systems
Malpighian Tubules – excretory function
Sensory setae
“Book Gills” – respiratory function
8 Simple eyes
63
Pedipalps
mandibles
mouthpart
Sensory appendages
antennae
64
what is true about Crustacean Body Form
Uropod
Swimmerets
has Maxillae (‘Jaws’) and Maxillipeds
Walking legs (1 st is Cheliped)– Chela = claw
65
Book Lungs are for Respiration? (they are internal vascularized folded to increase surface area)?
False
True
66
Epicuticle function?
thick
waxy
thin
outermost layer
67
Crustacean Respiration, Circulation, GasExchange, Excretory & Osmoregulation (Gills function)
Water driven across
Base of Antennae/Maxillae
Vascularized!
attached to appendages
68
Subphylum Chelicerata have both antennae and madnibles
False
True
69
Crustacean Body Form(Two Tagmata)
Telson
Head
Abdomen
Cephalothorax
70
Crustacean Characteristics
only one large eye for hunting
has no walking legs
Two pair ofantennae
Biramousappendages
71
Liquify prey tissue --> Consume ‘broth’
False
True
72
Subphylum Chelicerata – Class Arachnida (have 100,000 spp. that are terrestrial, freshwater, intertidal habitats)
False
True
73
what are the two types of joined appendages?
Uniramous
Siramous
Liramous
Biramous
74
Brown Recluse facts
Bites result innecrotic wounds
Only small webs
Nocturnal
75
what is true about Order Acarina
Chelicerae & Pedipalpsmodified for piercing, biting,anchoring, and sucking
Many are ectoparasites
Terrestrial and aquatic
Prosoma and Opisthosomafused (ovoid body shape)
76
Two Chelicerata Classes
Class Merostomata:horseshoe crabs
Class Arachnida:spiders, scorpions,mites, ticks, etc.
77
Order Araneae: “True Spiders (and have 40,000 spp. that are Terrestrial, freshwaterand intertidal habitats)
True
False
78
Procuticle function?
thin
thick
structural
waxy
79
Both Arrow Craband Pistol Shrimp have (highly modified chela (claws))
False
True
80
what is true about Subphylum Crustacea
Majority are aquatic and 67,000 spp.
Microscopic toseveral meters
Widespread, diverse,and abundant
Crayfish, krill, lobsters,shrimp, crabs, isopods,amphipod
81
What is true about Phylum Arthropod?
have a metamorphosis process
High reproductive output
have less than 1 million species
only have 100 legs
82
what is true about SubphylumHexapoda:Class Insecta
1 Million known speciesand have six legs
Mandibles to Feed
Uniramous appendages
Three Tagmata:head, thorax, abdomen
83
what animals do you find in Class Chilopoda
Centipedes
Millipedes
84
Subphylum Chelicerata have 2 Tagmata
True
False
85
what is true about Class Merostomata
“Book Gills”
Blue Blood
Scavengers
Dioecious
86
(Crustacean Ecdysisis hormone regulated) Pre-Molt:
New cuticle thickensand hardens
Old cuticle thins /separates
Epidermis grows-secretes new cuticle
87
Crustacean Respiration, Circulation, GasExchange, Excretory & Osmoregulation (Open circulatory system function)
Base of Antennae/Maxillae
Hemocoel (sinuses)
Water driven across
Vascularized!
88
Uniramous: Single Branch withEnd-to-End Segments
True
False
89
Is it true that Arthropods are extremely abundant and diverse?
True
False
90
(Hemolymph is blue because of free-floating hemocyanin proteins. It actually immune cells in the "blood" that makes it $
True
False
91
Order Opiliones:Harvestmen and Daddy Longlegs
False
True
92
Subphylum Chelicerata – Class Arachnida (are generally beneficial to humans!!!)?
False
True
93
Indirect Larval Development – Gulf Shrimp (Only needto knowNaupilusfor thiscourse)
False
True
94
Subphylum Chelicerata – Class Arachnida (4 orders)
Order Araneae: True spiders
Order Opiliones: Daddy longlegs
Order Acarina: Mites and ticks
Order Scorpionida: Scorpions
95
what is true about Order Opiliones
No silk or venom
Legs up to 10cm long
Omnivorous and Carnivorous
Ovoid body shapeFused Prosoma and Opisthosoma-No Pedicel neede
96
(Crustacean Ecdysisis hormone regulated) Post-Molt:
New cuticle thickensand hardens
Old cuticle thins /separates
Epidermis grows-secretes new cuticle
97
Silk Glands are...
High tensile strength
in theopisthosoma (abdomen)
Used for webs, climbing,jumping, egg sacs, preywrapping, and more
98
Phylum Arthropod “Evolutionary Blue Print for Success”(is their versatile cuticular exoskeleton)?
False
True
99
what animals can you find in Class Diplopoda
Centipedes
Millipedes
100
Order Acarina: Mites, Ticks, Chiggers
True
False
