Patho Final Study Guide

When a nurse is looks @ labs she recalls blood plasma is located in what fluid compartments?

Confirmation of somatic death is based on:

10 female is @ a spelling bee. Her heart is beating faster harder & she sweats. Whats happening

10 male gets a bee sting while outside. He is itchy, pain, swelling, respiratory probs. He has:

Biopsy of lung bronchi of ciliated epithelial cells that secret and absorb _columnar epithelium

Which of the following conditions would cause the nurse to monitor for hyperkalemia?

Define hypertonic

20 male shows emergency department a jagged sharp-force injury that is longer than it is deep?

What type of mutation doesnt change amino acid sequence & thus has no observable consequence?

A person is given an attenuated antigen as a vaccine. When the nurse respond? The antigen is

Define hypotonic

What is the most common cause of Down syndrome?

Which of the following individuals would be at greatest risk for an opportunistic infection?

Which of the following hormones enhances myocardial contractility?

50 male has closed head injury. CTscan shows blood in dura mater inner surface & brain surface?

Which patient will develop active immunity? A patient who

In addition to matching ABO antigens, a blood transfusion must also be matched for

How are potassium and sodium transported across plasma membranes?

Abnormal epigenetic modifications whats being viewed strongly w the development of some cancers

Which genetic change causes alterations in only one or a few nucleotide bases?

20 year old male got a knife cut to the arm. Which type of immunity was compromised?

30 male was diagnosed with HIV. Which of the following treatments would be most effective?

Which organ system should the nurse monitor when the patient has long-term potassium deficits?

A 45-year-old female was recently diagnosed with cervical cancer. Whats the cancer?

How do mast cells initiate inflammation?

The most common route of metastasis is through the blood vessels and:

The most abundant class of antibody in the serum is?

An immunologist is discussing endotoxin production. Endotoxins are produced by

Stress induces sympathetic stimulates the adrenal medulla Secreting catecholamine which include

List 4 of the six types of necrosis and briefly describe them.

Which description accurately describes electrolytes?

A patient w/ severe mental retardation of deletion of chromo 5. What genetic disorder is chart

Which information indicates a nurse understands characteristics of malignant tumors?

A nurse is reviewing the pedigree chart. When checking for a proband, whats she looking for?

During which process are bacteria engulfed for ingestion?

54 male w/ smoking history, tiredness, short breath. Labs=low pH, increase CO2, & normal HCO₃.

Which finding would support the diagnosis of respiratory acidosis?

Exhaustion occurs if stress continues and _____ is not successful.

is being tested for immunity against several illnesses. What is the best to determine immunity?

For a patient experiencing metabolic acidosis, the body will compensate by:

Patient has a heart attack ->progressive cell injury ->cell swelling organelle breakdown & dead

female has sexual relations w/ her boyfriend w/ Neisseria gonorrhoeae. and doesn't have it how?

An oncologist is saying when a cancer cell loses differentiation. Whats the oncologist saying?

A nurse is teaching about antidiuretic hormone & includes what? Secretion of ADH stimulated by:

What function is when an isolated cell absorbs O2 & uses it to transform nutrients to energy

35 male weighs 70kg. How much weight is considered the total volume of body water?

A nurse is giving an EX of inflammation as an etiology for cancer development. What is one?

20 pregnant female gives birth to a stillborn child. Autopsy shows 92 chromo. What condition?

45 male has severe stomach pain. Tests show a peptic ulcer & Helicobacter pylori. Whats concern

Which of the following is responsible for initiating clonal selection?

Define isotonic

5 male diagnosed w/ a bacterial infection. What pathway is activated?lipopolysaccharides presen

An athlete runs a marathon after his muscles feel fatigued & unable to contract A deficiency of

Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?

Characteristics of prokaryotes include which of the following? (select all that apply)

A patient has a tissue growth that is cancer. What terms best describes this growth?

Which is the following is true about viruses?

65 male w/ cancer retired construction &worked w/ asbestos. What hazards will come?

30 female has cancer. Testing shows cancer cells have spread to local lymph nodes. What stage?

Bradykinin is involved in?

Runner used all available O2 for muscle energy&cant get enough What will proceed el performance

13 female has karyotype absent homo X chrom w/ 1 X chrom? Her short stature wide spaced nipples

The body makes many biochemical secretions. Which is a method to trap and kill microorganisms?

The base components of DNA are:

What indicates a correct understanding? Coping is best defined as the process of

At what stage of development did epigenetics have on development of epigenetic abnormalities?

Which of the following is a characteristic of the HIV, which causes AIDS?

Patient has poison ivy on extremities, face, & butt after exposure 48 hours ago This example is

6 female has a respiratory bacterial infection. What will most likely try to fight the antigen?

The complement, clotting, and kinin systems share which of the following characteristics?

What is the purpose of the inflammatory response?

Which embryonic stem cell characteristic is referred to as totipotent?

A patient has a disease that secrets toxins by bacteria Which medical diagnosis is on the chart

During childhood, the thymus decreases in size, & this is referred to as what type of atrophy?

The classical pathway of the complement system is activated by?

Stress-induced catecholamine release from the adrenal medulla may result in:

List 1 bacteria 1 fungal pathogen 1 protozoan pathogen viral pathogen & the disease it causes

2yo swallowed watch batteries. Follow ingestion kidney function impaired & heart began to fail?

A nurse recalls bacteria become resistant to antimicrobials by

A student gets to school unprepared for an exam. What physiological response is expected?

List and describe the function of 4 different leukocytes.

A family has headache, nausea, weakness, tinnitus, and vomiting. What is the explanation?

Which of the following mutations have the most significant effect on protein synthesis?

driving male & someone nearly hits him & heart is racing What stage general adaptation syndrome

List and describe the 4 different types of tissue.

Which is not a secondary lymphoid organ?

What shows teaching was successful concerning aldosterone? Secretion of aldosterone results in:

Differentiate between genotype and phenotype and give examples of each.

35 male w/ high blood pressure & hormonesecretin tumor of adrenal med What hormones is released

Apoptosis is a condition in which cells program themselves to:

22 was recently diagnosed w/ AIDS. What decreased lab is expected to accompany the virus?

A macrophage is isolated & analyzed for major histocompatibility complex. What is expected?

Neural stem cells have an impaired ability to differentiate functions neurons when subjected to

What genetic disorder is the result if an individual possesses an XXY chromosome configuration?

What is the first antibody produced during the primary response to an antigen?

50 female has Clostridium & died a week later. W/ lysis of RBC membr. Limbs had black tissues?

When assessing the effects of elevated β-endorphins in a patient, what should be monitored?

When is innate immunity gained?