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Imaging Final Review: Chapters 6 & 7 Flashcards | StudBud
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Imaging Final Review: Chapters 6 & 7
Imaging Final Review: Chapters 6 & 7
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1
What is the binding energy of a "K" shell in a Tungsten atom?
74 mAs
32.5 keV
69.5 keV
74 keV
2
Which of the following members of the electromagnetic spectrum have the highest velocity?
X-rays & gamma rays
radiowaves
They all have equal velocity
Microwaves
3
Which of the following is NOT a contributor to x-ray beam quality?
mAs
kVp
filtration
penetrability
4
To double the beam quantity:
leave the mAs as is and reduce the kVp
double the mAs
increase the mAs by a factor of 4
halve the mAs
5
X-rays are produced when:
the target angle is sufficiently large
projectile electrons interact with target atoms
projectile electrons bounce off the cathode
electric current flows through the x-ray tube filament
6
Which of the following interactions have the ability to create x-rays?
all listed interactions can produce x-rays
Brems & characteristic interactions
Compton, classical, & photoelectric interactions
Characteristic & Compton interactions
7
Put the following in order according to their effective atomic number (lowest to highest).
fat, bone, muscle
fat, muscle bone
bone, muscle, fat
air, bone, fat
8
In bremsstrahlung x-ray production:
the projectile electron is from the cathode
the target electron is ionized
the projectile electron is bound to tungsten
the target electron is from the cathode
9
Fog seen on a radiographic image is the result of
Coherent interactions
photoelectric interactions
Compton interactions
classical interactions
10
Shorthand for an atom's atomic number is "Z".
False
True
11
What is the exposure rate formula?
mR x kVp
mR/mAs
kVp/mAs
mAs/mR
12
Which generator gives us less ripple?
single phase
High Frequency
3 phase 6 pulse
3 phase 12 pulse
13
Compton scattering involves the x-ray photon
removing an inner-shell electron
being absorbed in the atom
removing a middle or outer-shell electron
passing through the atom without any change
14
Photoelectric interactions:
negatively affect radiographic image quality
should be reduced as close to 0 events as possible
contribute significantly to patient dose
all are correct
15
Which of the following is the primary controlling factor of quality?
kVp
mAs
16
Coherent scattering involves
ionization
an x-ray photon with low energy
all are correct
an x-ray photon with high energy
17
Frequency is typically measured in:
feet
centimeters
hertz
meters
18
Which of the following x-rays would be most likely to undergo classical scattering?
66 keV
35 keV
3 keV
15 keV
19
An atom in a normal state has an electrical charge of _____.
negative
one
positive
zero
20
Decreasing the anode target angle produces what type of effective focal spot?
smaller
angle does not affect the focal spot
larger
21
X-rays are produced...
Anisotropically (in a single direction)
Isotropically (in multiple directions)
22
The photoelectric effect is:
a partially ionizing event
the complete absorp. of an electron with the subsequent emission of an xray
a partially exciting event
the complete absorp. of an xray with the subsequent emission of an electron
23
Which interaction is the major contributor to patient dose?
Compton
Thomson
Characteristic
Photoelectric
24
The radiologic unit that quantifies radiation intensity is the
Becquerel
gray
rem
roentgen
25
The total number of x-ray photons in a beam is referred to as the
x-ray quality
x-ray number
x-ray beam
x-ray quantity
26
Name the following photon interaction:
Coherent interaction
Compton interaction
Bremsstrahlung interaction
Characteristic interaction
27
In reference to patient radiation dose, classical scatter interactions:
slightly increase dose
slightly decrease dose
have no effect on dose
significantly increase dose
28
When x-ray tube filtration is increased, x-ray
QUALITY
:
filtration doesn't affect beam quality
increases
decreases
remains the same
29
Name the following photon interaction:
Compton interaction
Photoelectric interaction
Compton interaction
Coherent interaction
30
A smaller anode angle = smaller effective focal spot & increased spatial resolution.
True
False
31
Choose all that apply:
X-rays can ionize matter
X-rays travel at 1/2 the speed of light
X-rays release small amounts of heat when passing through matter
X-rays are electrically neutral
32
What is the total mAs if you have an mA of 100 and a time of 2/3 of a second? (round to the nearest whole number)
67
70
62
59
33
In a Tungsten atom, a Bremsstrahlung interaction will occur when the incident electron __________.
strikes an inner-shell electron
interacts with the force field around the nucleus
strikes an outer-shell electron
strikes the nucleus
34
The image below demonstrates which type of Tungsten interaction?
Classical
Bremsstrahlung
Characteristic
Tissue
35
The process of removing an electron from an atom is
ionization
atomization
annihilation
none of the above
36
Recorded details is also termed what?
Contrast
Space charge effect
Density
Spatial resolution
37
Name the following photon interaction:
Photoelectric interaction
Bremsstrahlung interaction
Photodisintegration
Thomson interaction
38
Which interaction is the major contributor to occupational dose?
Characteristic
Photoelectric
Classical
Compton
39
________ are emitted after a bremsstrahlung or characteristic interaction. Choose all that apply.
Photons
X-rays
Electrons
It depends on the interaction
40
Two filaments in one x-ray tube is called what?
Dual Focus tube
Multi Focus Tube
Diode tube
Effective Focus tube
41
The force that holds the protons and neutrons together in the nucleus is the
nuclear binding energy
proton/neutron energy
electron binding energy
atomic energy
42
What is the voltage ripple of a High Frequency Generator?
40%
14%
10%
Less than 1 %
43
To maintain density in an image, what percentage increase in kVp should be accompanied by a reduction of one half mAs?
5%
10%
15%
50%
44
The image below demonstrates which type of Tungsten interaction?
Bremsstrahlung
Characteristic
45
Increasing tissue thickness or density results in a(n) ________ beam attenuation.
unchanged
decreased
halved
increased
46
During a photoelectric interaction,
electrons for all levels are ejected
an inner-shell electron is ejected
an outer-shell electron is ejected
no electrons are ejected
47
Interactions within human tissue will occur through:
Bremsstrahlung interactions
all listed produce can produce an interaction within tissue
Classical, Compton, &/or Photoelectric interactions
Bremsstrahlung & characteristic interactions
48
When the formula
v = fλ
is changed to
c = fλ
, the
c
represents the constant symbol for
the speed of light
the speed of light
frequency
amplitude
49
The most commonly known modern atomic theory was developed by
Dalton
Thomson
Bohr
Rutherford
50
As the kVp increases, (choose all that apply)
beam penetrability increases
beam quality remains the same while the quantity increases
beam energy decreases
beam quantity increases
51
Distance and x-ray beam quantity or intensity share what kind of relationship?
direct
inverse