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Science 8 Final Exam Review
Science 8 Final Exam Review
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Final Exam review questions for 8th grade science
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114 cards
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1
What is a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact?
motion
velocity
acceleration
friction
2
Represents the sum of protons in the nucleus of an atom…
electron cloud
atomic number
mass number
the nucleus
3
Air rushes into your lungs when you inhale because
fluids flow from high pressure to areas of low pressure.
pressure inside the lungs is higher than outside the body
a muscle moves upward and decreases the space in your chest.
it contains oxygen.
4
Which of the following is a good safety rule to follow?
Read lab instructions, but change them if you want to.
Pay attention to safety information and safety symbols.
Follow the instructions, but feel free to modify them.
Take shortcuts if there is no danger.
5
Which of the following will NOT break down compounds?
heat
a chemical change
filtering
electric current
6
A gas
has a definite volume but no definite shape.
has fast-moving particles
has a definite shape but no definite volume.
has particles that are always close together.
7
What are some tools used to collect and analyze scientific data?
calculator, computer, printer, scanner
thermometer, drill, computer, screwdriver
scissors, meterstick, calculator, paper clip
meterstick, balance, thermometer, computer
8
Which of the following is NOT the result of a chemical change?
digested food
soured milk
rusted metal
ground flour
9
Nonmetal that forms a wide variety of compounds, such as proteins, fats, and carbohydrates.
aluminum
oxygen
carbon
sodium
10
Which of the following are two factors that determine speed?
velocity and time
distance and time
motion and time
acceleration and time
11
What are the two main branches of physical science?
biology and physics
geology and chemistry
chemistry and biology
chemistry and physics
12
As the distance between two objects increases, the force of gravity between them
does not change
increases greatly
decreases
increases only slightly
13
A change in the form of a substance that does not change its identity is
solubility
density
physical change
chemical change
14
What is a scientific model?
an exact representation made of similar material
a familiar copy of an object
a representation of an object, but smaller
a representation of an object or system
15
What must a good hypothesis be?
opinionated
difficult
testable
correct
16
What type of scientific model would best be used to describe the formation of galaxies?
psychological
chemical
physical
conceptual
17
When the net forces equal 0 N, they are which of the following?
a pull
balanced
unbalanced
a push
18
Periodic law states that
mercury is a liquid at room temperature.
elements' properties change w/ the elements’ atomic numbers.
some elements stay in a liquid state only for short periods.
elements are either gases, solids, or liquids.
19
The elements to the right of the zigzag line on the periodic table are called
metalloids
conductors
metals
nonmetals
20
Which of the following is a chemical property of matter?
volume
solubility
density
reactivity
21
What type of scientific model could best be used to represent a molecule?
chemical
psychological
physical
biological
22
In which of the following activities is friction helpful?
soil erosion
car tires moving car forward
engine parts wearing out
holes developing in your socks
23
What happens to an object with a density less than water when it is placed in water?
The object displaces water greater than its volume.
The object floats on top of the water.
The object sinks about halfway into the water.
The object settles to the bottom of the water.
24
Boiling point, melting point, and density are some of an element’s
physical properties
chemical properties
nonreactive properties
pure properties
25
How would you describe the nucleus?
large, positively charged
dense, positively charged
tiny, negatively charged
dense, negatively charged
26
Which of the following statements about fluids is NOT true?
Some take the shape of their container
Particles move easily past each other
All can flow
Liquids and gases are included
27
What are three common kinds of scientific models?
biological, chemical, mathematical
mathematical, chemical, physical
physical, mathematical, conceptual
physical, psychological, conceptual
28
The ability to be made into thin sheets is called
solubility
density
electrical conductivity
malleability
29
When air is pumped into a tire,
the air takes up less space.
the force per unit area increases.
the air particles slow down.
the number of pascals decreases.
30
Atom w/ same # of protons as other atoms of the same element
but
a diff. # of neutrons is
an electron
an ion
an isotope
a strong force
31
What equation would you use to find the volume of a rectangular box?
volume = length X width
volume = length + height
volume = length X width X height
volume = length + width + height
32
Which of the following always causes change in speed, direction, or both?
either balanced or unbalanced forces
any combination of forces
unbalanced forces
balanced forces
33
The ability of a substance to dissolve is called
density
malleability
chemical change
solubility
34
The smallest particle into which an element can be divided & still be the same substance is
an electron
a neutron
an atom
a nucleus
35
The force of gravity
is not related to the mass of the objects.
is related to weight of the objects.
is only related to the mass of large objects.
is related to the mass of the objects.
36
Periodic
means
happening frequently
happening very rarely
happening three or four times a year
happening at regular intervals
37
Which of the following best represents acceleration as presented on a graph?
speed change vs. time
motion change vs. time
distance change vs. time
velocity change vs. time
38
If you poured three liquids into a beaker, how could you tell which one is the densest liquid?
The liquid that settles to the bottom is the densest liquid.
The liquid with the deep red color is the densest liquid.
There is no way to tell which liquid is densest
The liquid that is floating on top is the densest liquid.
39
A subatomic particle that has a positive charge
ion
electron
neutron
proton
40
When two or more elements join together chemically,
a compound is formed
a mixture is formed
a substance that is the same as the elements is formed
the physical properties of a substance remain the same
41
Which would NOT be a way to reduce friction?
using ball bearings
lubricating with oil
pouring sand on ice
using sandpaper
42
Which of these is opposed by static friction?
a worker pushing on a non-moving box
a dog running in a yard
a chair sliding on a floor
a pencil rolling on a table
43
Why is the International System of Units important?
It helps to promote good relations among countries
It's easy to use and keeps data confidential with it.
It's used by countries competing for scientific knowledge
It is based on the number 10 and is used by most scientists.
44
An element that is shiny and conducts heat and electricity well, is a(n)
nonmetal
nobel gas
metal
halogen
45
At higher temperatures
particles in an object move faster.
gas particles bump into walls less often
a gas contracts
particles in an object have less energy.
46
Before asking questions, what is a scientist likely to do?
make observations
make answers that work
make reservations
make necessary arrangements
47
Which of the following is the best definition of science?
process of memorizing answers about the natural world
the process of gathering knowledge about the natural world
the process of gathering knowledge about the ancient world
the process of reading the knowledge of the known world
48
Term for a mixture made of tiny particles that between a suspension and a solution
mixture
colloid
concentration
solution
49
Each vertical column on the periodic table is called a(n)
group
property
period
element
50
The most common element in Group 13, the Boron Group.
aluminum
oxygen
boron
carbon
51
Which of the following most closely illustrates motion by relating it to a reference point?
The distance a car traveled relative to the time of travel
the hands of a clock relative to the numbers on a clock
the speed of a bicycle relative to the direction of travel
the velocity change of a train relative to time
52
According to Charle's Law
decreasing temperature of gas causes the volume to increase.
increasing temperature on gas causes volume to increase.
decreasing temp on gas causes pressure on molec.to decrease.
increasing temperature on gas causes pressure to increase.
53
After an investigation, what should you do if your results do not support your hypothesis?
Change the topic you are studying
Buy new measurement tools.
Repeat your investigation, then change your hypothesis
Repeat investigation results support the original hypothesis
54
Which of the following substances can only be separated into simpler parts by chemical means?
salt water
sodium
gold
water
55
Represents the sum of the protons and neutrons in an atom…
atomic number
ionic number
mass number
electron number
56
Which of the following is the most important part of gathering knowledge in science?
memorizing material
asking questions
looking up answers
using the internet
57
Which of the following statements describes elements?
Elements cannot be joined together in chemical reactions.
All of the particles in the same element are different.
elements can be broken down into simpler substances.
Elements have unique sets of properties.
58
What is the machine that separates mixtures by the densities of the compounds?
centrifuge
distillation
concentration
refrigerator
59
Unreactive nonmetals that do not react with other elements under normal conditions.
noble gases
alkali metals
halogens
lanthanides
60
A change in which energy is gained by a substance as it changes state
vapor pressure
melting
exothermic
endothermic
61
How do elements join to form compounds
in a ration of 1 to 8
randomly
in a specific mass ratio
as the scientist plans it
62
In science, what is a scientific theory?
an explanation for many questions and answers
the best idea to explain a hypothesis
an explanation for many hypotheses and observations
the first idea to explain an observation
63
Where are electrons likely to be found?
mixed throughout the atom
electron clouds
paths or energy levels
the nucleus
64
A solution that contains a large amount of solute is best described as
concentrated
insoluble
dilute
weak
65
The change of state from a solid directly to a gas is called
melting
condensation
sublimation
freezing
66
A property of an element that does not depend on the amount of the element is called a(n)
unique property
finite property
characteristic property
electromagnetic property
67
Which of the following statements is true about an object’s weight but NOT its mass?
It is measured in kilograms (kg) or grams (g).
It would be the same on the moon as it is on Earth.
It is a measure of the amount of matter in the object.
It may vary depending on the object’s location.
68
Which of the following does NOT describe mass?
is a measure of gravitational force
remains constant
is measured in kilograms
is a measure of matter
69
Which of the following causes an object to start moving?
unbalanced forces
any combination of forces
balanced forces
either balanced or unbalanced forces
70
In which classification of matter are components chemically combined?
a suspension
a compound
a solution
a colloid
71
Crystalline solids
have particles in repeating pattern of rows
have particles that are not in a special arrangements.
include glass and rubber
may also be liquids
72
Boyle’s law states that for a fixed amount of gas
@ const. pressure, vol. of gas is directly related to temp
@ const. pressure, vol of gas is indirectly related to temp
@ const. temp, vol & temp are directly proportional
volume & pressure are inversely proportional @ const. temp
73
Balloons can be twisted into shapes because
the force exerted changes the number of particles
particles of gas can be compressed.
volume is measured in two dimensions
the volume of a gas is constant.
74
What kind of changes in substances are always physical changes?
changes of state from solid to liquid to gas and back
changes that result in new substances being formed
changes that change the identity of the substances
changes that change the density of the substances
75
In a solid, the particles
overcome the strong attraction between them.
slide past one another
move independently of one another
vibrate in place
76
The physical properties of compounds do NOT include
reaction to light
density
melting point
color
77
The change of state from a gas to a liquid
evaporation
boiling
Condensation
melting
78
Which of the following choices best represents force?
a push or a pull always causing acceleration
a push or a pull acting on an object
a push or a pull always causing motion
a push or a pull acting without an object
79
What is the name of the process of that causes substances to change into new substances?
flammability
reaction
physical change
chemical change
80
Which of the following is a good way to analyze data?
Check it over, and then copy it.
Try to find some way to make it support your hypothesis
Organize the data, and do calculations if necessary
Ignore it for a while to see if it makes more sense later
81
What is the best way to tell if a chemical change has taken place?
A mixture separates into layers.
The matter changes color.
The composition changes.
The change is reversible.
82
The combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined is a
concentration
solution
mixture
colloid
83
Water pressure
is unaffected by atmospheric pressure
is less than air pressure for the same volume
decreases with depth.
is about twice as much on a diver at 10 m as at the surface.
84
Most metals are
solid at room temperature.
bad conductors of electric current
dull
not malleable
85
Which of the following units would you use to express the volume of an irregular solid?
cubic centimeters (cm3)
liters (L)
newtons (N)
mililiters (mL)
86
Which are the two factors that determine the amount of friction?
the force and the roughness of the surfaces
the force and the weight exerted on the surfaces
hills and valleys and the roughness of the surfaces
the force and how much surfaces come in contact
87
Which of the following is NOT an example of a physical change?
the explosion of fireworks
the shaping of a gold bar
the sanding of a piece of wood
the melting of a Popsicle
88
Which of the following statements is NOT true of atoms and molecules?
They are tiny particles
They never bump into each other
They are found in all matter
They are always in motion
89
The nitrogen, oxygen, and other gases surrounding Earth
are pulled toward Earth by gravity.
exert pressure only at sea level.
are found mainly near the outer edge of the atmosphere.
exert pressure that works against atmospheric pressure.
90
What is the basic unit of length that a scientist is likely to use?
foot
inch
mile
meter
91
What makes characteristic properties useful to scientists?
They can be used to identify matter.
They are easy to observe and measure.
Sample size does not matter.
They can be either physical or chemical.
92
Dalton believed that
atoms of different elements are the same.
most substances are made of atoms
atoms can be divided.
atoms of the same element are exactly alike.
93
What is the ability of a substance to burn known as?
flammability
burnability
reactivity
physical change
94
Which of these is opposed by kinetic friction?
a box sliding on a floor
a child leaning on a building
a cat standing in the yard
a book sitting on a table
95
Very reactive nonmetal
lanthanide
actinide
transition metals
halogen
96
Which of the following determines the net force acting on an object?
a combination of all motions of an object in two directions
a combination of all forces acting on an object
a combination of all motions of an object
combination of forces acting on an object in two directions
97
Which of the following does NOT describe weight?
can be measured in newtons
is a measure of gravitational force
changes as gravitational force changes
is constant everywhere in the universe
98
The change for state from liquid to a solid
boiling
freezing
condensation
evaporation
99
Compounds found in all living things include
ammonia
carbonic acids
mercury oxides
proteins
100
The larger an object’s mass, the
larger its volume
smaller its volume
smaller its inertia
larger its inertia
101
What is matter?
the "stuff" that everything is made of
the "stuff" that matters
the "stuff" that is light enough to float
The ability to do work
102
Why are chemical properties harder to observe than physical properties?
Chemical prop. describe the ability to change identity
Physical properties cannot be observed and measured.
Chemical properties depend on the size of the sample.
Physical prop. describe the ability to change identity
103
Metals that are so reactive that in nature they are found only combined w/ other elements
transition metals
actinides
alkali metals
alkaline-earth metals
104
The curve at a liquid’s surface is its
mass
volume
meniscus
inertia
105
process that separates mixtures based on their boiling points is known as:
distillation
suspension
centrifuge
solubility
106
Which of the following explains the difference between speed and velocity?
Velocity has motion, and speed does not.
Velocity involves acceleration, and speed does not.
Velocity involves time, and speed does not.
Velocity has direction, and speed does not.
107
What are scientific methods?
the steps scientists use to look up the answers to questions
the steps scientists use to ensure a hypothesis is supported
steps scientists use to answer questions and solve problems
steps scientists use to answer questions and cause problems
108
The tendency of an object to resist a change in motion
mass
inertia
weight
volume
109
What is energy?
power from the sun
the ability to do work?
fossil fuels
matter in motion
110
The substance in which a solute dissolves is a
mixture
solvent
solute
colloid
111
The substance that dissolves in a solvent is a
solvent
mixture
solute
colloid
112
The change of a liquid to a vapor throughout the liquid
evaporation
boiling
condensation
freezing
113
A suspension is:
amount of substance in a given vol. of a mixture or solution
ability of a substance to dissolve in another
particles throughout a liquid/gas and large enough to settle
tiny particles that are between solutions and suspensions
114
All matter has mass
but objects with small masses are unaffected by gravity.
but only the Earth’s and sun’s gravity affects matter.
but only the Earth’s gravity affects matter.
and all mass is affected by gravity.
