1.1 Functional Organization of the Human Body

Which system covers, cushions, and protects tissues and organs of the body?

If K ion concentration decreases to less than 1/3 normal, paralysis can result b/c nerves inability to carry signals.

What type of cell is the most abundant in the body?

What are the communities of microorganisms that inhabit the body can cause diseases, but most live in harmony?

If K ion concentrations increase more than 2x's normal (3.5-5.3), the heart muscle can be severely depressed.

50-70% of the fluid in the adult human body is a water solution and most of it is intracellular.

The nervous system controls muscular and secretory activities, whereas the hormonal system regulates metabolic functions

Adaptive control is delayed negative feedback.

Childbirth, blood clotting, and generation of nerve signals are examples of negative feedback.

The transport of extracellular fluid in stage 2 occurs with movement of blood through the body and blood vessels.

If glucose conc. fall below one-half normal (70-115), mental irritability and convulsions can occur.

On average how fast does the blood in circulation traverse the entire circuit when at rest and when active?

If Ca ions conc. falls below one-half normal (1.0-1.4), tetanic muscle contractions occur d/t excess nerve impulses.

Which is the most abundant of all the metabolism products?

Which of the following are control mechanisms that helps regulate cell functions?

Negative feedback stimulates more of the same initial stimulation, known as a vicious cycle, leading to instability.

Which of these are not contained in the intracellular fluid?

Many of the substances absorbed in the GI tract are usable in their absorbed form?

The nervous system is composed of 3 major parts, which below is NOT one of them?

The process of diffusion is caused by what?

Not all substances absorbed in the GI tract can be used in their absorbed form, which organs can change them to be used

Which system contributes to homeostasis by moving around to obtain food for nutrition & protection from surroundings

If there is a change in pH of 0.5 on either side of normal (pH of 7.4), it can be lethal.

Which system distinguishes its own cells from harmful foreign cells?

An increase in body temp by 11 degrees above normal (98) can lead to increased cellular metabolism that destroys cells.