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Year 12 Psychology Revision Qld Flashcards | StudBud
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Year 12 Psychology Revision Qld
Year 12 Psychology Revision Qld
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1
Select which of the following statements is true of glaucoma.
It is an age-related condition that affects the cornea and lens
It is an age-related condition that can be cured if diagnosed early
It is age-related degeneration of the optic nerve, affecting central vision
It is degeneration of the optic nerve, affecting peripheral vision
2
Helping behaviour and altruism are two expressions of:
prosocial behaviour.
antisocial behaviour.
bystander effect.
reciprocity.
3
What percentage of participants administered the electric shock up to an intensity of 175 volts in Milgram’s experiment?
100%
65%
85%
45%
4
Julia sees her mother going to work every day and assumes that her friends’ mothers also go to work every day. Example.
gender theory
gender schematics
gender scripting
gender roles
5
A public change in attitudes and beliefs that does not hold in private is known as:
identification.
internalisation
compliance.
vicarious learning.
6
What does the absolute threshold refer to?
the lowest intensity of stimulus energy that can be detected
the greatest intensity of stimulus energy that can be detected 50 per
the lowest intensity of stimulus energy that can be detected 50 per c
the lowest intensity of stimulus energy that can be detected 100 per
7
Which of the following was not a criticism of the Stanford prison experiment?
No social benefit was derived from the experiment
Counselling was offered to participants, but negative effects were still re
The withdrawal rights of participants were violated.
The no harm principle was violated.
8
Psychosexual differentiation theory suggests gender roles form through the effects the male hormone has on the brain.
False
True
9
Which of the following is an explanation for the bystander effect?
social facilitation
compliance
all three of the answers above
diffusion of responsibility
10
Approximately what percentage of participants agreed with the confederates’ estimates at least once in Asch’s experiment
50%
100%
75%
25%
11
What does primary socialisation refer to?
socialisation by teachers and peers
socialisation by media and schooling agents
socialisation in primary school
socialisation by family
12
Which three processes help to explain the bystander effect?
audience inhibition, arousal, social influence
apathy, audience inhibition, diffusion of responsibility
empathy, arousal, social influence
diffusion of responsibility, audience inhibition, social influence
13
In the 1971 Stanford prison experiment, the prison guards were given information power.
True
False
14
Identify the definition of age-related macular degeneration.
the degeneration of the cornea, which affects peripheral vision
a build-up of grainy deposits in the retina, which affects central vision
a break-down of proteins in the lens, which affects central vision
a build-up of proteins in the lens, which affects central vision
15
Which of the following plays a role in the development of prosocial behaviour?
Operant Conditioning
All Answers are Correct
Classical Conditioning
Social Learning
16
Which is the correct sequence for observational learning?
attention, retention, reinforcement, reproduction, motivation
attention, retention, reproduction, motivation, reinforcement
attention, retention, motivation, reproduction, reinforcement
attention, retention, reproduction, reinforcement, motivation
17
What are most axons coated with?
Noradrenaline
Adrenaline
GABA
Myelin
18
Models are most effective when they are perceived as _______ or _______ by the observer.
similar; male
successful; flattering
similar; successful
male; consistent
19
What are the components of a neuron?
soma, neurotransmitter, synpase and axon terminals
soma, axon, synaptic cleft and terminal buttons
soma, axon, GABA and acetylcholine
soma, synapse, dendrites and axon terminals
20
Rods are most responsive to electromagnetic energy of which colour?
green/yellow
blue/green
violet/blue
orange/red
21
After classical conditioning, learning not to respond to a stimulus that is similar but not identical to the cond. stimu
response generalisation.
stimulus generalisation.
response discrimination.
stimulus discrimination.
22
3 The _________ is the primary cell involved in the _____________ of information across a synapse.
neuron; reception
neuron; transmission
soma; firing
soma; inhibiting
23
Which of the following best describes a group?
2 or more people who interact & influence each other & share a common goal
2 or more people who share a common goal and help each other to achieve it
people who know each other and share many goals and interests.
3 or more people who interact & influence each other & share a common goal
24
A person who demonstrates prosocial behaviour is likely to:
come to the aid of strangers.
have an individual personality.
use outrageous behaviours to get attention.
avoid groupthink.
25
Identify the binocular depth cues.
convergence and retinal disparity
relative size and linear perspective
retinal disparity and accommodation
linear perspective and convergence
26
Who first described classical conditioning?
Sigmund Freud
Ivan Pavlov
Miss Martelli
B.F Skinner
27
Gender is ___________ determined, whereas sex is ___________ determined:
biosocially; biologically
biologically; socially
socially; biologically
socially; culturally
28
Aversion therapy could be used to:
help people to quit smoking.
stop children from biting their fingernails.
help alcoholics to stop drinking alcohol.
achieve all three answers above.
29
What is transmission?
where information reaches the brain and is transmitted into sensory memory
where light energy is converted into electrical impulses
where stimulus energy is collected by sense organs
where sensory cells send nerve impulses to the primary sensory cortex
30
Which of the following statements about visual receptors is incorrect?
Rods can respond in low levels of light but not in bright light.
Rods and cones both distinguish black and white.
Cones can respond in bright light but not in low levels of light.
Rods and cones both distinguish colours.
31
Who first came up with operant conditioning?
Sigmund Freud
Miss Martelli
Ivan Pavlov
B.F. Skinner
32
Which overriding principle in ethical considerations for research with human subjects was breached by the Milgram exp.
Informed consent procedures must be followed.
No physiological or psychological harm may come to the participant.
Confidentiality must be maintained.
Participants must volunteer
33
What does information power refer to?
power due to having skills and knowledge
power due to having knowledge to provide the desired response
power due to having depth of knowledge
power due to having knowledge that others desire
34
Milgram conducted his experiment with a number of variations. In which version was obedience the lowest?
when the authority figure was in the room with the teacher
when the teacher had seen another teacher administer the high-level shocks
when the authority figure gave instructions by telephone
when the learner was in the room with the teacher
35
In the Zimbardo experiment the guards wore military uniforms & dark glasses & carried batons. What was the purpose of..
detachment
deindividuation
depersonalisation
desensitiation
36
In other variations of his experiment, Milgram found which of the following?
Obedience decreased if the researcher was in the room with the teacher.
Obedience decr. if other participants had already been observed to disobey
Obedience decr.if the authority figure was not in the room with the teacher
Obedience was lower when female participants were used.
37
What is the direction of transmission of the neural impulse across a synapse?
either presynaptic neuron to postsynaptic neuron or postsynaptic neuron to
presynaptic neuron to postsynaptic neuron
either presynaptic neuron to postsynaptic neuron or postsynaptic neuron to
postsynaptic neuron to presynaptic neuron
38
Power that derives from the ability of a person to provide pleasant consequences to reinforce a response is referred to
reward power
referent power
recreational power
coercive power
39
What is one strength of biological approaches to gender?
Explanation of the influence of chromosomes and hormones on gender traits
It offers an explanation on how gender roles are formed and maintained.
It offers an explanation of how gender roles are maintained.
Explanation of why gender roles are stable and rarely change in mid. child.
40
Asch’s experiment tested ___________, whereas Zimbardo’s experiment tested ___________, and Milgram’s experiment tested
authority; conformity; obedience
power; conformity; obedience
obedience; power; conformity
conformity; power; obedience
41
Which of the following concepts is not a stage in Kohlberg’s cognitive theory of gender?
gender identity
gender stability
gender normality
gender constancy
42
The meaning of conformity is the tendency of a person to adjust their _______________
thoughts
feelings
attitudes
behaviours
43
Bond and Smith discovered seven factors that affected conformity. Which of the following is not one of these factors?
unanimity
informational influence
normative influence
age of participants
44
‘Before conditioning’ involves a response to a stimulus that has not yet been conditioned. This can also be referred to
the unconditioned stimulus that results in the unconditioned response
the unconditioned response that results in the unconditioned stimulus
the unconditioned stimulus that results in the conditioned stimulus
the neutral stimulus that results in the unconditioned response
45
What are some of the personal characteristics that affect prosocial behaviour?
similarity, empathy, mood
knowledge, empathy, mood
mood, empathy, competence
arousal, empathy, competence
46
‘Do unto others as they do unto you’ is an expression of the reciprocity principle.
False
True
47
What is the correct sequence of processes in sensation and perception?
reception; transmission; transduction; selection; interpretation; org
reception; selection; organisation; transmission; transduction; inter
reception; transduction; transmission; selection; organisation; inter
reception; selection; transmission; transduction; organisation; inter
48
Changes to levels of __________ and ____________ have key roles in Parkinson’s disease.
dopamine; melatonin
serotonin; acetylcholine
dopamine; acetylcholine
dopamine; serotonin
