STATS Ch. 1

___________ the responder fears giving an honest answer because his/her/their response might have a negative affect.

_______ is a mathematical tool used to study randomness. It deals with the chance (the likelihood) of an event occurring

Variables that allow for classification based on attributes or characteristics are called ______ or _______(2)

__________: Researchers randomly assign participants to assure each has an equal chance of being in any group.

what is the science of collecting, organizing, analyzing, and interpreting data in order to make decisions.

_________ is the accumulation of the previous relative frequencies.

A _______ is a "dummy" treatment given to the control group (sugar pill or saline water).

A ______ , notated by capital letters such as X, is a characteritic of interest for each subject in a population.

A _______ is a number that represents a property of the sample.

A ____ is a subset of the population and we study the sample to gain information about the population.

_____________ is not representative of the population.

_______ sampling is the process of using chance to select individuals from a population to be included in the sample.

_____: the population is divided into subgroups (clusters), and a set of subgroups are selected to be in the sample.

_____________ where the responder gives inaccurate responses.

A __________ is the factor given to (applied to) the subjects.

_______ : a population is divided into a number of subgroups (or strata).

A _________ is a number that is a property of the population.

__________: is samples chosen by selecting whoever is convenient.

A ___ is a appropriate to compare the relative size of the categories with categorical/ qualitative data.

______ variable if it has a finite or a ______ number of possibilities.

_______ variable if it has an infinite, but ______ number of possibilities. Typically, variables that are measurements.

__________ where people refuse to participate in the study

_________: every n^th member of the population is selected to be in the sample.

In a ______, categories of data are represented by wedges in a circle and are proportional in size to the percent.

_______ often occurs when the sample are volunteers.

A __________ lists each category of data and the number of occurrences for each category of data.

Variables in which have numerical measurements of individuals are called ______ or _______.

An _______ is a study based on observations or measurements

_______________ when the wording of the questions influences the responses.

___ is the accumulation of the previous frequencies.

A _______ is a collection of persons, things, or objects under study.

In a _________, the participant is not informed whether he/she is receiving the treatment or the placebo.

_____ (plural) are the actual values of the variable. They may be numbers or they may be words.

_____________: is allowing the sample to volunteer.

__________ occurs when the researchers have an interest in the outcome.