What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?

They are being fully "checked out" for any problems

After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?

the press became a "watchdog" on the government

What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?

Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue

What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?

fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism

What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?

Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas

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AP US Government Final Exam MONSTER Review Flashcards | StudBud

AP US Government Final Exam MONSTER Review

341 termsStudBud Administration112 plays

A review for AP Government students preparing for the exam. #apgovernment

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Questions 341

Answers

1
Incrementalism in the budget process leads to
delays / slow budget negotiations
the military industrial complex
inevitable growth in budgets
budget reconciliation
2
What case ruling struck down anti-sodomy laws, granting gay people a right to privacy?
Reece v. Texas
Texas v. Johnson
Lawrence v. Texas
Smith v. Texas
3
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Increase taxes on the wealthy.
conservative
liberal
4
All of the following are ADMINISTRATIVE functions of the President EXCEPT
issue pardons
fill vacancies
nominate officials
execute the law
5
Which amendment provided for an income tax?
15th
10th
16th
12th
6
House or Senate? Small states are disproportionately represented.
Senate
House
Both
Neither
7
This law said suspected terrorists can be wiretapped and residences searched without notice
Patriot Act
Wikileaks Act
Freedom Act
Protect America Act
8
Before the president appoints a federal judge from a state, he'll usually get approval from
the Supreme Court
the state's senators
the state's House Reps
the state's governor
9
Which of the following type of voter is least common?
nature of the times
low information
idealogues
groups benefits
10
The largest portion of DISCRETIONARY federal spending goes to
foreign aid
defense
medicare
education
11
What was the first form of mass media?
television
telegraph
daily newspapers
radio
12
What does it mean when a candidate is being "vetted"?
They are being nominated
They are being prepped for a debate
They are fiundraising
They are being fully "checked out" for any problems
13
After Watergate and Vietnam, how did media treatment of the government shift?
the press became apathetic towards the government
the press became more protective of the president
the press became a "watchdog" on the government
the press became more deferentail to the legislative power
14
The Supreme Court has had original jurisdiction in all the following cases EXCEPT
between the US and states
between a state and a country
between 2 or more states
capital punishment cases
15
What case established that speech can be banned that poses a "clear and present" danger?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
Schenk v. the United States
16
This law banned literacy tests & allowed federal oversight of election activities in the South
The Civil Rights Act of 1968
The Voting Rights Act of 1965
The 24th amendment
The Civil Rights Act of 1964
17
What is the typical relationship between elected officials, party loyalty and constituents?
Officials put their constituents before their party
Their loyalty depends on saliency of the issue
Officials put party loyalty before their constituents
none of the above
18
What court cased ruling established that arbitrary gender discrimination is unlawful?
Santa Clara v. Martinez
Shaw v. Hunt
Shaw v. Reno
Reed v. Reed
19
This 1896 case ruled that "separate but equal" was constitutional
Reynolds v. United States
Plessy v. Ferguson
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
20
From the Civil War - 1960s the "Solid South" voted
Democratic
Republican
Dixiecrat
Whig
21
This case ruled the gov't. can't use evidence gained as a result of an illegal search:
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
Gregg v. Georgia
22
In what type of primaries can voters vote for different parties on the same ballot?
closed
blanket
bicameral
open
23
People and groups who have a perspective on a case, but are not directly involved, can
file amicus curiae briefs
obtain standing
testify
hire lobbyists
24
This case limited federal power by ruling that the feds couldn't designate "gun free zones"
U.S. v. Lopez
Schechter Poultry v. U.S.
U.S. v. Nixon
Butler v. U.S.
25
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Oppose mandatory minimum sentencing programs.
Democrat
Republican
26
What agency insures that employees are allowed to organize labor unions?
NLRB
FTC
ICC
SEC
27
What is the relationship between fiscal federalism and cooperative federalism?
fiscal federalism encourages cooperative federalism
cooperative federalism canceled fiscal federalism
Cooperative federalism caused fiscal federalism
You can only have one or the other, not both
28
A trial balloon is usually preceded by a
beat
interview
leak
scandal
29
The clear division of powers between the state and federal government is known as
cooperative federalism
new federalism
dual federalism
fiscal federalism
30
What type of communication is most likely to discuss a candidate's positions on the issues?
interviews with media
the nightly news
a poll
tv ads
31
House or Senate? Allows floor amendments.
Senate
House
32
What gov't agency makes sure that commercial speech is truthful & concerns lawful activity?
Federal Reserve
Interstate Commerce Commission
Federal Trade Commission
Securities and Exchange
33
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 defined ___________________ as a form of discrimination.
accommodation
disability
inaccessibility
exclusion
34
Comstat, Amtrack and the Postal Service are all examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
Cabinet positions
35
How has TV coverage of conventions changed over time?
it is shorter
It is more in depth
It is nonexistent
It is longer
36
What political philosopher most inspired the writing of the Declaration?
Adam Smith
Thomas Hobbes
John Locke
Montesquieu
37
Expanded influence of the feds over the states through funding is called . . .
fiscal federalism
concurrent powers
fiscal policy
incumbency
38
The idea that a popular candidate at the top of the ballot can help elect other party members
endorsements
coattails
approval ratings
bandwagon
39
All of the following are purposes of national conventions now EXCEPT
to energize the party faithful
to advertise the candidate
to officially nominate a candidate
to debate policy openly
40
Which party requires that primary / caucus results be used to assign delegates proportionally?
Democrats
Republicans
41
This case ruled that "undue burden" will be the lesser standard for abortion restrictions
Griswold v. Connecticut
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Gideon v. Wainwright
Roe v. Wade
42
What case declared that "separate is inherently unequal", ending school segregation?
Miranda v. Arizona
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Escobedo v. Illinois
43
Nixon's efforts to cut spending by refusing to spend money allocated by Congress was called
sequestration
impoundment
budget resolution
fiscal cliff
44
Who actually votes to nominate candidates at the national convention?
voters
party leaders
delegates
electors
45
According to the Constitution you must be at least 30 years old to hold what office?
U.S. Representative
U.S. Senator
U.S. Judge
U.S. President
46
To hold what federal office must you have been a citizen for 7 years?
U.S. President
U.S. Representative
U.S. Senator
U.S. Judge
47
What case established it is constitutional to burn the US flag in symbolic protest ?
Texas v. Johnson
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
Tinker v. DesMoines
48
When judges are accused of letting their personal views shape decisions, unconstitutionally:
judicial restraint
due process
strict constructionism
judicial activism
49
Conservative or liberal? Require photo ID to vote.
conservative
liberal
50
Time, manner and place restrictions to preserve public order relate to the right to
assemble
free speech
pray
vote
51
All of the elements below are part of iron triangles EXCEPT
interest groups
legilslators
the President
bureaucrats
52
Through what court case did John Marshall claim for the court the power of judicial review?
Marbury v. Madison
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
U.S. v. Lopez
53
All of the following are ways the President might achieve a policy without passing a law EXCEPT
executive orders
executive agreements
selective enforcement
veto override
54
What party did Abraham Lincoln found?
Know Nothing
Democrat
Whig
Republican
55
Who are the litigants in a case?
the members of the jury
the judges
the lawyers
the plaintiff and defendent
56
If the President cannot get his judges approved by the Senate, what is his/her other option?
executive order
a veto war
a recess appointment
shrink the # of courts
57
What agency oversees radio & television broadcasting & requires licensing?
Federal Trade Commission
Securities and Exchange Commission
Federal Communications Commission
Public Broadcasting Corporation
58
All of the following are cases that upheld the death penalty EXCEPT
Griswold v. Connecticut
Gregg v. Georgia
McClesky v. Kemp
Furman v. Georgia
59
House or Senate? Has standing committees..
Both
House
Senate
Neither
60
Under the Articles of Confederation, what power did the federal government have?
to regulate interstate trade
to tax
negotiate treaties
to create courts
61
What constitutes a "diversity citizenship" case?
civil suits from those in different states over $75000
bankruptcy supervision
naturalization
admiralty and maritime law
62
Implied powers were upheld when the courts approved the national bank as a result of what case?
Gibbons v. Ogden
McCullough v. Maryland
Fletcher v. Peck
Marbury v. Madison
63
This amendment ended slavery
15th
14th
12th
13th
64
Why are signing statements controversial?
They are relatively new in presidential history
the Constitution says the actual President must sign laws
they are executive orders in disguise
They tend to indicate an intent for selective enforcement
65
What percentage / fraction of the Senate must approve treaties for them to become law?
unanimous
2/3
51%
3/4
66
What was the ruling in Korematsu v. The United States?
Germans and Italians should also be interned
People of Japanese ancestry born in the US are not citizens
Internment of Japanese US citizens is unconstitutional
Internment of people of Japanese ancestry is constitutional
67
Whst American president is credited with inventing campaigning & inspiring "loyal opposition"?
Andrew Jackson
Alexander Hamilton
Thomas Jefferson
William McKinley
68
Who makes up the interpreting population for the court system?
criminals
lawyers and judges
attorneys
police officers & teachers
69
What was the goal of the McGovern-Fraser Commission in the 1960s?
to regulate campaign finance
to eliminate caucuses in favor of primaries
to make delegate selection more democratic
to streamline platform writing
70
What case established students can wear arm bands to school in symbolic protest ?
Schenk v. the United States
Miller v. California
Tinker v. DesMoines
Texas v. Johnson
71
A disconnect between a law/ statute and the implementation is likely due to
regulation
adminstrative discretion
issue networks
due process
72
What agency prepares the budget, which is first proposed by the executive (since the 1920s)?
The Council on Economic Advisors
The White House Staff
The GOA
The OMB
73
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer during questioning if requested?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
74
The power to determine voting requirements and election procedures is held by
the Congress
the President
the courts
the states
75
The most common vehicle the government uses to borrow money is
foreign banks
sequestration
tax loopholes
bond sales
76
Where is judicial review "covered" in the Constitution?
It's not
Article VI
Article III
Article I
77
Who determines the method and timing of delegate selection?
the states
the Suoreme Court
the voters through referendum
the U.S. Congress
78
A hierarchical organizational chart of a party with chairperson at top & candidates at bottom
may be ideal but isn't realistic
iis a requirement in a democracy
shows that party strength is on the rise
iis accurate
79
All of the following are legislative bodies related to the budget process EXCEPT
The Senate Finance Committee
Congressional Budget Office
The Office of Management and Budget
The House Ways and Means Committee
80
The Hatch Act bans federal employees from engaging in what behaviors?
Electioneering during work hours
Awarding contracts without a competitive bid process
Leaking information to the press
Awarding alcohol at official government functions
81
This program provides pensions for the handicapped, orphaned, blind and elderly
Medicare
Medicaid
Temporary Assistance for Needy Families
Social Security
82
What is a common outcome of lack of party cohesion?
rapid passage of laws
voter apathy
runaway spending
separation of powers
83
Why did Antifederalists oppose the Constitution?
They wanted a democracy
They feared a strong federal government
They felt the states were too powerful
They felt the Bill of Rights was flawed
84
According to Max Weber, all of the following are characteristics of bureaucracies EXCEPT
promotion based on merit
chain of command
reliance on technology
division of labor
85
What type of polls are candidates LEAST likely to use?
voter perception
key word / phrasing polls
push polls
exit poLling
86
Which of the following committees would be considered most powerful?
Veteran's Affairs
Ethics
Energy and Commerce
Appropriations
87
Voters registered as independents are positively correlated with what behavior?
protesting
voting
ticket-splitting
fundraising
88
The National Labor Relations Board, Fed. Communications Commission and SEC are examples of
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
Independent Executive Agencies
Cabinet positions
89
What IS and what is NOT present in a Court of Appeals trial?
attorneys, judges
5 judges, juries
4 judges, law fairies
3 judges, witnesses
90
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
age
gender
race
sexual orientation
91
How has the gov't. ensured press access to the war front & insured context in their reporting?
the military provides info to be vetted by the press
they allow reporters to "embed" with military units
they put no restrictions on the press in war torn areas
all war reporters are members of the military
92
Al the following are concurrent powers of the federal and state governments EXCEPT?
establishing courts
printing currency
taxation
police power
93
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Put a cap on malpractice lawsuits.
Republican
Democrat
94
Cesar Chavez led boycotts and demonstrations to get better protections for what group?
asians
hispanics
migrant workers
women
95
The 3 part test for government acting according to the establishment clause was established in
Employment Division v. Smith
Miller v. California
Engel v. Vitale
Lemon v. Kutzman
96
What branch of the federal government MAY be involved in amending the Constitution?
The Executive
The Judicial
The Legislative
The Bureaucracy
97
All of the following are true about impeachment EXCEPT
Two U.S. presidents have been impeached
The House decides the charges
standards for whaat is impeachable are very clear
The chief Justice oversees the trial
98
How many years must you have lived in the US to be President?
30 years
15 years
20 years
14 years
99
The case Buckley v. Valeo struck down what part of campaign finance restrictions?
the part that said you can't fund your own campaign
the part that said you must take public funding
the part that banned soft money
the part that banned hard money
100
If a legislature declares a whole group of people to be criminals, that is called a _______?
extradition
bill of attainder
ex post facto law
de facto prosecution
101
The significance of campaign strategy
is generally overstated
is often underestimated
is that it typically converts voters
is that it sets the policy agenda
102
What congressional office regulates the spending of public funds?
The Bean Counting Patrol
The Congressional Budget Office
The General Accounting Office
The Federal Reserve
103
What action is Congress's best "tool" for countering judicial activism?
legislation
amendements
impeachment
regulations
104
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Republican
Democrat
105
What prevents the press form being too "tough" on the government and officials?
They might alienate viewers
they are liberal biased towards government intervention
they need access to government officials
They are inherently patriotic
106
What party, est. in the 1890s, failed to defeat the Republicans despite support from Democrats?
Whigs
Populists
Know Nothings
Dixiecrats
107
Who was the 1st US President to control the press by controlling info and staying on message?
Clinton
W. Bush
H,W. Bush
Reagan
108
Most elected officials use this model of leadership
instructed delegate model
agency model
trustee model
politico model
109
What court ruling banned simplistic formulas that advantaged minorities in college admissions?
Fisher v.University of Texas
Gratz v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Grutter v. Bollinger
110
An incumbent
has a 50% chance of being successful.
has a hareder time raising money
is running for re-election
is seeking office for the first time
111
What president failed in his efforts to "pack" the Supreme Court with 6 more justices?
Franklin Roosevelt
Richard Nixon
John Kennedy
Teddy Roosevelt
112
What is referred to as the "paradox of mass politics" in the US?
the success of our democracy given how little we know
How obsessed we are with presidential politics over local
That the people think we have a democracy when we do not
how much people complain given how few vote
113
What case said the 14th amendment could extend civil liberties protections to the state level?
Gitlow v. New York
Lemon v. Kurtzman
Engel v. Vitale
Schenk v. the United States
114
What case ruling made 527 groups flourish because corporations could give them unlimited funds?
McCain v. BCRA
US v. Nixon
Citizens United v, Federal Election Commission
FEC v. Wisconsin Right to Life
115
What part of the Civil Rights Act banned discrimination in federally funded programs?
Title XI
Title XX
Title V
Title IX
116
In the 1830s, the Supreme Court ruled in Barron v. Baltimore that the Bill of Rights restrained
all governments in the US
only the executive power
the state governments
only the federal government
117
What was evident after the Kennedy v. Nixon debates in 1960?
The Conservative Era was over
the effect of television on politics would be minimal
politicians must take clear positions on issues
physical attractiveness could impact electoral success
118
If you are a state or local official, which of the following are you the most excited about?
block grants
categorical grants
unfunded madates
enumerated powers
119
Unstated powers that are logically delegated to Congress and the president are called . . .
inherent
enumerated
reserved
supremacy powers
120
Whose term lasts six years?
U.S. Representatives
U.S. Senators
U.S. President
U.S. judges
121
Why is it relatively hard to hire federal employees?
It is hard to find new people willing to take the exams
They cycle out after each presidential election
They have due process rights and cannot be fired w/o proof
They generally quit before they can be fired
122
When does a federal judge leave office?
when they choose or die
After 10 years
after a no confidence vote
After 5 years
123
How many justices must concur with an opinion for it to be considered precedent setting?
7
6
4
5
124
What would be an effect of the U.S. adopting a unitary form of government instead of federal?
more powerful states
direct democracy
no states would exist
more uniformity
125
The Bill of Rights represents what constitutional principle?
judicial review
limited government
checks and balances
separation of powers
126
Civil liberties protections for all citizens are based on
The Bill of Rights
The Declaration of Independence
the Preamble
the 14th amendment
127
What case declared that the accused must be read their rights upon custodial interrogation?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Miranda v. Arizona
Escobedo v. Illinois
128
Who manages what federal cases the government will appeal to the Supreme Court?
The Solicitor General
The Chief Justice
The Chief Magistrate
the U.S. Marshalls
129
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Get rid of the "death tax" (a.k.a estate taxes)
Democrat
Republican
130
What case declared that the accused must be provided a lawyer if they cannot afford one?
Escobedo v. Illinois
Brown v. Board of Ed of Topeka Kansas
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
131
Why did Eisenhower say that his appointment of Earl Warren was a mistake?
He "flipped" to the liberal side
He "flipped" to the conservative side
He criticized Ike's response to the Little Rock Crisis
He stepped down after 3 years
132
Which of the following is an example of unconventional political participation?
running for office
protest
petitioning
voting
133
How many levels are the federal court system?
two
five
four
three
134
Which chief justice (appointed by Nixon) upheld abortion & ruled against him in U.S. v. Nixon?
John Roberts
William Rehnquist
Earl Warren
Warren Burger
135
All of the following were a part of the 1974 Federal Elections Campaign Act EXCEPT
a program to publicly fund campaigns was started
required candidtes to take public funds
limited contributions
required reporting of income/spending
136
What is the President's main check on judicial power?
file amicus curiae briefs
judge appointments
impeachment
judicial review
137
What court ruling upheld using race as part of a holistic assessment in admissions decisions?
Grutter v. Bollinger
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Gratz v. Bollinger
Fisher v.University of Texas
138
Third parties serve all of the following functions EXCEPT
safety valve for popular discontent
inject new issues into the policy agenda
motivate more people to vote
make elections less volatile
139
What case established that the government can regulate corporations under the commerce clause?
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Sweatt v. Paint
Munn v. Illinois
Gibbons v. Ogden
140
The purposes of government are discussed in what part of the Constitution?
The Preamble
The Introduction
The Bill of Rights
The Mutual Pledge
141
This court case established the "medium scrutiny" standard for gender-based classification
Craig v. Boren
ERA v. Hunt
Schaffley v. Hoke
Reed v. Reed
142
What caused a steady increase in the cost of campaigns in the late 1950s and early 60s?
inflation
television
new state election laws
staffing requirements
143
The goal of the Graham-Rudman-Hollings act of the 1980s had what goal?
a balanced budget
a deficit tied to the GDP
passing a flat tax
returning budget initiation to Congress
144
What do legislators get out of iron triangles?
increased staff
expanded budget authority
seniority in committee assignments
support from interest groups
145
Why did Democrats decide to create "superdelegates" after the McGovern - Fraser reforms?
to rank and file party members would have a voice
to ensure the best balloon drop at the convention
to make sure elected officials and party leaders had power
to reward big fundraisers
146
What is the President's primary role in national security?
Party Leader
Reprieves and pardons
UN Ambassador
Commander in Chief
147
What portion of the 14th amendment is the basis for civil rights protections in the US?
the free exercise clause
elastic clause
the due process clause
the equal protection clause
148
Discrimination based on ________________ requires the "reasonable / lowest scrutiny" standard.
race
religion
age
gender
149
What text says, "We hold these truths to be self evident. . . all men are created equal . . "?
Common Sense
The Declaration of Independence
The Gettysburg Address
The Constitution
150
What fraction of state legislatures/ conventions must approve of all Constitutional amendmentS?
1/2
100%
2/3
3/4
151
Which leadership model is related to a direct democracy?
instructed delegate
division of labor
trustee
politico
152
How do slander and libel differ as forms of defamation?
libel concerns a group and skander an indiviidual
libel in spoken and slander is written
slander is a misdemeanor and libel is a felony
slander is spoken and libel is written
153
This case ruled that women have a right to an abortion in the 1st trimester without restriction
Gideon v. Wainwright
Planned Parenthood v. Casey
Griswold v. Connecticut
Roe v. Wade
154
How is the Congressional Budget Office different from the GAO?
The CBO is a watchdog on the GAO
The CBO is part of the Federal Reserve
The CBO is a partisan organization
The CBO provides estimates for budgeting purposes
155
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Privatize Social Security.
Republican
Democrat
156
Which of the following is true of Political Action Committees (PACS)?
their donors can remain anonymous
they tend to support incumbents
They coordinate closely with their candidate
There are limits to how much they can accept from any person
157
This amendment clarified presidential succession should the President be ill but not dead.
24th
23rd
26th
25th
158
The following plans / compromises are evident in the ratified Constitution except which one?
Virginia Plan
3/5 Compromise
Connecticut
Slave Trade
159
The court case that broadly defined Congress' ability to control trade between states was
Fletcher v. Peck
McCullough v. Maryland
Giibbons v. Ogden
Dartmouth v. Woodward
160
In the legislative process, what type of laws must originate in the House of Representatives?
taxation bills
declaring war
treaty approval
creating courts
161
House or Senate? Has a rules committee.
Both
Neither
Senate
House
162
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Protect the life of the unborn.
conservative
liberal
163
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
Texas v. Johnson
NY Times v. Sullivan
164
What amendment gave women the right to vote?
19th
17th
20th
18th
165
During the Clinton administration, government spending was addressed by "offsets" meaning
department budgets would all be cut to zero and built back
increased spending in one area must be offset by cuts
estate taxes would be raised each time spending went up
savings from making cuts are converted to tax cuts
166
For what primary reason do parties hold primaries and / or caucuses?
to produce a party platform
To raise money
To select a candidate for the general election
To build enthusiasm
167
All of the following were intended to limit black voting EXCEPT
literacy tests
primaries
grandfather clauses
poll taxes
168
Which of the following is true of Supreme Court opinions?
All are written by the Chief Justice
They must meet the standard of stare decisis
they are either concurring or dissenting
They must be unaninmous
169
What court ruling banned the use of quotas in university admissions?
Texas v. Johnson
Snyder v. Phelps
Fisher v.University of Texas
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
170
All of the following demographic trends in the U.S. are true EXCEPT:
We will soon be a majority minority nation
Blacks outnumber hispanics
The median age is getting higher.
the population is shifting to the south
171
The distance between a law and implentation is called
administrative discretion
bureaucratic distance
appellate jurisdiction
slippage
172
What types of elections do states have that the federal government does NOT have?
primaries
general elections
policy elections
173
This amendment eliminated the poll tax
24th
25th
22nd
23rd
174
The effect of iron triangles is typically
socialism
elitism
hyperpluralism
pluralism
175
What case established the media can make incorrect claims as long as they didn't intend harm?
Miller v. California
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
Schenk v. the United States
176
Executive agreements are like treaties in which of the following ways?
They indicate the President's intentions
They need Senate approval
They are binding for the next President
They need UN approval
177
The Schechter Poultry v. U.S. case ruled that
farm subsidies are illegal
The federal government was regulating trade within states
the stock market must be reformed
government regulation is illegal
178
What is the purpose of a caucus in the House, Senate or made of both Reps and Senators?
To stop legislation
To stop amendments
To focus their collective energy of a specific area
To iron differences out on controversial topics
179
Conservative or liberal? Provide a "path to citizenship" for law-abiding illegal immigrants.
conservative
liberal
180
What is the largest source of revenue coming into the US government?
Income taxes
Tariffs
Fuel taxes
Corporate taxes
181
Across the board cuts that result when the budget process bogs down are called
structural debt
regressive taxing
omnibus bills
sequestration
182
If a state is part of "frontloading", it is probably
making it easier to register to vote
moving its primary / caucus to an earlier date
giving free tv time to candidates
making it harder to get on the ballot
183
What branch can create "inferior courts" of the federal system?
Judicial
Executive
Legislative
Bureaucracy
184
This amendment provided for the direct election of senators.
17th
18th
19th
16th
185
This amendment protects states from lawsuits from people not living in the state.
10th
9th
11th
12th
186
This case ruled the government must provide an attorney if a suspect cannot afford one
Gideon v. Wainwright
Miranda v. Arizona
NAACP v. Alabama
Mapp v. Ohio
187
Which amendment says powers not granted to the federal government are retained by the states?
8th
11th
10th
12th
188
What two multimillionaires dominated the press in the late 1800s, producing yellow journalism?
Smith and Wesson
Hearst and Pulitzer
Raymour and Flanigan
Cooper and Flanigan
189
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Protect a woman's right to choose an abortion.
Republican
Democrat
190
Checks & balances, separation of powers & federalism insure that change in the US will be
slow and deliberate
impossible
through consesnsus
speedy and swift
191
Which of the following is true of 527 groups?
They coordinate closely with candidates
they disclose the names of contributors
They are for profit taxable organizations
they produce issue ads
192
What is a leading contributor to the superficial nature of modern media?
the prevalence of sound bites
24 hour news channels
Internet ads
consolidation of news outlets
193
What court ruling raised the standard for contract set-asides to "compelling gov't. interest"?
Gratz v. Bollinger
Regents of Univ. of CA v, Bakke
Adarand Construction v. Pena
Fisher v.University of Texas
194
Which of the following is true of the bureaucracy?
10% is appointed by the President after inauguration
Salaries for federal employees is variable and unpredictable
Military personnel make up the largest segment
It has grown sharply since the 1970s
195
How did local party bosses win support and loyalty to their party in the past?
voter fraud
patronage
providing government services
advertising
196
These type of protesters have distance restrictions and cannot picket private residences:
zoning
police
school
abortion
197
Tha patronage system was reformed by what law that requires civil service exams?
The Stalwart Law
Pendleton Act
Hatch Act
The McKinley Act
198
Republican or Democratic platform "plank"? Subsidize renewable energy development.
Republican
Democrat
199
All of the following are new realities of the budget process due to polarization EXCEPT?
omnibus bills
authorization bills
government shutdowns
fiscal cliffs
200
All of the following happen at a party's national convention EXCEPT?
a speech by the Vice Presidential nominee
the writing of the party platform
a debate between the two leading candidates
candidate nomination
201
What is a common way for Congressmen to get input from the bureaucracy?
hearings
deregulation
lobbying
approve appintments
202
The fact that Congress initiates laws is an example of . . .
separation of power
limited government
checks and balances
judicial review
203
How do U.S. elections compare with European ones?
They are shorter but more expensive
They are longer but cheaper
They are longer, more exspensive and more common
They are faster, cheaper, and less common
204
This 1954 case ruled that "separate but equal" was inherently unequal
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
205
A judge appointed as a recess appointment can serve for no longer than
1 year
6 months
3 years
2 years
206
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support free trade and low tariffs.
conservative
liberal
207
What person or groups bears the most responsibility for funding and shaping a campaign?
interest groups
the candidate
the party
the bureaucracy
208
What law requires Congressional approval to deploy troops for more than 60 days?
The Enduring Freedom Act
The Patriot Act
The Geneva Convention
The War Powers Resolution
209
If an issue has high saliency it means
It has a short "shelf life"
Lots of attention is being paid and it could swing votes
few people are paying attention
Lots of people are paying attention but few care
210
Which amendment banned alcohol in the U.S.?
18th
19th
25th
21st
211
All of the following indicate an intention to return power to the states from the feds EXCEPT
devolution
extradition
nullification
Nixon's New Federalismj
212
All of the following are typical actions of the President in their role as head of state EXCEPT
pardoning a turkey on Thanksgiving
laying a wreath on the grave of the Unknown Soldier
pardoning criminals
receiving foreign heads of state
213
Which of the following can the President do?
Declare war
Initiate laws
veto laws
Initiate constitutional amendments
214
Presidential authority to strip out parts of bills without rejecting the whole bill is known as
ways and means
the line item veto
the pocket veto
discretionary spending
215
All of the following would make approval of a Supreme Court nominee more difficult EXCEPT
The Senate and President are from different parties
it is the end of the President's second term
the nominee is older
the nominee is relatively unknown
216
House or Senate? The Vice President breaks ties.
Neither
Both
Senate
House
217
Which article of the Constitution outlines the amendment process?
Article III
Article IV
Article V
Article VI
218
Habeus Corpus rights were at first denied to hundreds of suspected terrorists being held at
Guantanamo
Los Alamos
San Quentin
Alcatraz
219
How were affirmative action programs brought to an end in California?
the state legislative baody banned it
an initiative was passed
a court order
an executive order by the Governor
220
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
register
think they are in it
attend meetings
pay dues
221
Interest groups and political parties differ in that
political parties offer selective benefits
political parties' main goal is to get candidates elected
political parties are involved in electioneering
Parties have legislative goals
222
What do bureaucrats get out of iron triangles?
endorsements
less red tape
more authority and bigger budgets
lobbyists
223
All of the following are true of primaries EXCEPT?
there is a ballot
states have them on different dates
Voters physically meet and discuss candidates
they are more common than caucuses
224
The model where you elect someone and expect them to use their judgement when voting is the
politico model
instructed delegate model
trustee model
agency model
225
What do family, mass media, school and peers have in common related to politics?
They are all informal
They are all potential groups
They are all interest groups
They are all agents of socialization
226
For a case to be heard by the Supreme Court, how many justices must vote to accept it?
5
6
7
4
227
What indicator is most significantly correlated with presidential approval ratings?
foreign policy achievements
gold medals earned by the US at the Olympics
character ratings
economic indicators
228
In 1972, what constitutional amendment failed to be ratified?
Fuel Independence
Gay Rights
The Equal Rights Amendment
Tutle IX
229
All of the following increase the likelihood of voting EXCEPT
being female
being educated
being wealthy
being young
230
Uncontrollable expenditures result from
deficit spending
tax loopholes
tax indexing
entitlements
231
Why does the "Responsible Party Model" work better in Europe than in the U.S.?
They have more parties
Their parties are more organized
They have elections more often
They have more party cohesion
232
The idea that you don't need to outspend your opponent, but you need to get your message out is
the doctrine of sufficiency
the doctrine of efficiency
the doctrine of campaign finance
the doctrine of currency
233
The advisor(s) with the least loyalty to the President tend to be
the Vice President
White House Staff
The Executive Offices
The cabinet
234
What is casework?
research Congressional staffers do for committees
Preparation for committee hearings
Constituent services
How a lawyer prepares for trial
235
Media tends to be biased in all the following ways EXCEPT?
They focus on individuals
they focus on issues
they tend to be liberal
They focus on odd/ unusual
236
Controlling for education and wealth, who is more likely to vote?
white Americans
black Americans
237
The Trial of Peter Zenger in colonial America established what new precedent?
editorials are held to a different standard
you can criticize gov't officials if the info is true
you can be punished if you criticize gov't leaders
all officials criticized have a right f rebuttal
238
What do habeus corpus protections protect you against?
unlawful imprisonment
treason charges
quartering troops in your home
unlawful searches
239
All of the following are criticisms of our current primary / caucus system EXCEPT:
the early states are not representative of the US population
the early states get too much attention
few people participate
it caters to low information voters
240
All of the following groups were part of the New Deal coalition EXCEPT
unions
white souitherners
blacks
the wealthy
241
Which type(s) of federal court(s) do not have appellate jurisdiction?
The Supreme Court
District Courts
Superior Courts
Circuit Courts
242
Empty question
243
Our nation's first government was a / an _________________.
unitary democracy
union
confederation
direct democracy
244
When the President is using the "bully pulpit", what tool is probably nearby?
a pen
a shovel
a microphone
a light saber
245
Is the following position conservative or liberal? Support / expansion of government programs.
conservative
liberal
246
Teacher led prayers violate the
no establishment clause
due process clause
free exercise clause
equal protectiion clause
247
When is a party usually most cohesive in terms of voting as a bloc?
domestic issues
when declaring war
leadership votes
impeachment
248
The President must have the advice and consent of the Senate to make treaties and __________.
veto
tax
appointments
declare war
249
Another term for prior restraint is
arrest
subpoena
warrant
censorship
250
What impact did the Great Depression and Civil Rights have on the feds' commerce power?
it was unchanged
contracted it / made smaller
it was inconsistent
expanded it / made bigger
251
What court case established the "hostile environment" standard for sexual harassment cases?
Employment Division v. Smith
Harris v. Forklift Systems
Reed v. Reed
Playboy Entertainment v. United States
252
What law requires employers to reasonable accommodate people with disabilities?
The Disabled Freedom Act
The Disabled Accommodation Act
The Americans With Disabilities Act
The Handicapped Bill of Rights
253
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "strict scrutiny" standard.
sexual orientation
wealth
gender
religion
254
These were the first two political parties in the United States.
Republicans and Democrats
Federalists and Democratic Republicans
Democrats and Whigs
Know Nothings and Whigs
255
Which of the following must an American do to belong to a political party?
think they are in it
register
pay dues
attend meetings
256
Senatorial courtesy is most important /critical for what level of the federal courts?
the Supreme Court
the district courts
the circuit courts
257
When Sen. Majority Leade Reid cut the # of votes needed to approve judges it was deemed
sequestration
the filibuster
free exercise
the nuclear option
258
What case established broadcasting can be regulated at a higher standard than newspapers?
Miller v, California
Texas v. Johnson
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
259
Discrimination based on ___________________ requires the "medium scrutiny" standard.
gender
wealth
religion
race
260
All of the following are a types of third parties we have seen in US politics EXCEPT
issue / cause
splinter
revolutionary
popular person-based
261
What part of the 14th amendment allows selective incorporation of civil liberties protections?
the necessary and propoer clause
the elastic clause
the equal protection clause
the due process clause
262
What Republican attracted white southerners to the Republican party with his Southern Strategy?
Reagan
Goldwater
H.W. Bush
Nixon
263
Which courts have original jurisdiction in some cases?
District and Appeals
District only
Supreme and Appeals
Supreme and District
264
What federal agency oversees all hiring, providing 3 candidates to the hiring agency?
The Bureaucratic Management Agency
National Labor Relations Board
The Office of Personnel Management
The Civil Service Commission
265
All of the following are true of caucuses EXCEPT
the most fanous ones are in Iowa
Only 12 states hold them
the whole process takes one day
they were a tool of party machines and bosses in the past
266
What's the remedy if each house of Congress has passed a similar but not identical bill?
conference committee
joint committee
casework
caucus
267
If a case is decided as "stare decisis" , what does that mean?
they defer to the lower court ruling
they tied
they were unanimous
they want to lower courts to retry it
268
What "sole power" does the House of Representative hold, according to the Constitution?
Declare War
Approve treaties
Impeachment
Taxation
269
This amendment limits the U.S. President to two terms.
23rd
21st
20th
22nd
270
All of the following contribute to hyperdemocracy or officials "running scared" except
primaries
the power of interest groups
strong parties
short terms
271
What case est. that the least restrictive remedy must be used when limiting adult programming?
Red Lion Broadcasting v. FCC
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
United States v. Playboy Entertainment
272
"Pork"and "earmarks" are nicknames for
federally funded projects that benefit a small group/region
legislation that has wide appeal
legislation related to agricultural subsidies
retiring officials that become lobbyists
273
What is the relationship between policy entrepreneurs and media?
Media outlets depend on policy entrpreneurs for ratings
policy entrpreneurs depend on media for agenda setting
it is contentious
it is nonexistent
274
Why are state party operations so critical to presidential candidates?
They raise most of the money
They know the election laws in that state
They do polling
They provide endorsements
275
Which of the following is an example of a beat?
narrowcast
politics
newscast
press conference
276
How many justices serve on the Supreme Court?
11
9
7
10
277
What has been true about American's attitudes about government since 1964?
they have become more ideological
they have become more informed
They have voted more often
They have less trust in the governmnt
278
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 bans discrimination based on all the following criteria EXCEPT
gender
age
religion
race
279
What is the primary reason some states have more delegates than others at the convention?
they raise the most money for the party
they have the most registered party members
they have a larger population
They more reliably vote for the party
280
Conservative or liberal? Increase regulations to protect the environment.
liberal
conservative
281
The Downs Model / Rational Choice Model explains
why we have polarization
Why third parties tend to fail
Why we have two parties
why we don't have radical parties in the US
282
The Department of Homeland Security, Education, Health and Human Services are all examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Executive Agencies
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Government Corporations
283
Which of the following is not one of the purposes mentioned in the Preamble?
establish justice
provide for the general welfare
due process
ensure domestic tranquility
284
All of the following are ways the president controls the bureaucracy EXCEPT
eliminate agencies
appointments
issue executive orders
reorganize budgets
285
What has led to a drop in the competitiveness of districts & a decline in contested elections?
gerrymandering
electioneering
polarization
filibustering
286
What is the point of a trial balloon?
to see public reaction before making a public announcement
to launch a campaign
to see how high it will go without popping
to mend fences after a scandal
287
This 1971 case ruled that busing was an acceptable remedy to desegregate schools
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Kansas
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Plessy v. Ferguson
288
What innovation in broadcasting led to the development of "narrowcasting"?
satellite tv
the internet
netflix
cable television
289
Strict constructionists seek to understand or discern
inherent powers
judicial activism
original intent
free exercise
290
What group gained citizenship and could vote in 1924?
migrant workers
blacks
native americans
immigrants
291
House or Senate? Committee assignments are based on seniority.
Both
Neither
Senate
House
292
What was the most "democratic" institution established by our founders?
The House of Representatives
The Senaste
The Electoral College
The President
293
All of the following undercut the importance of campaign strategy EXCEPT
selective perception
incumbency advantage
media culture
party identification
294
Case that said laws not aimed at religious interference but that have that affect are ok
Swann v. Charlotte Mecklenberg
Employment Division v. Smith
Engel v. Vitale
Barron v. Baltimore
295
This amendment gave black males the right to vote
12th
15th
14th
13th
296
This case banned teacher led prayer in school
Employment Division v. Smith
Gitlow v. New York
Engel v. Vitale
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
297
All of the following are tasks of political parties EXCEPT
coordinate campaigns
pick candidates
articulate policies
run polls on election day
298
House or Senate? Holds impeachment trials.
House
Neither
Both
Senate
299
Powers not granted to the federal government and retained by the states are called . . .
reserved
granted
federalism
enumerated
300
Why are federal elected officials often referred to as "generalists"?
They have the most expansive powers.
They know a lot about a few subjects.
They favor military solutions in most cases.
They know a little about many subjects.
301
This case ruled the gov't. can't require private organizations to turn over membership lists
Mapp v. Ohio
NAACP v. Alabama
Gregg v. Georgia
Miranda v. Arizona
302
The Supreme Court ruled NC had gone too far in using race as a factor in drawing districts in
Craig v. Boren
Shaw v. Reno
harris v. Forklift Systems
Reed v. North Carolina
303
Franking is
a duty given to US elected officials
a privilege granted to US elected officials
Unregulated
Illegal
304
Over time, national party conventions have become less
fun
contentious
predictable
attended
305
In what part of the Constitution are political parties discussed?
No part
Article V
Article III
Article II
306
What case established a 3 part test for obscenity?
Miller v. California
Schenk v. the United States
NY Times v. Sullivan
Texas v. Johnson
307
What percentage of delegates does a candidate need to get the nomination?
100%
the largest percentage of all candidates
2/3 or 75%
50% +1
308
What case ruled that congressional districts must be drawn to have equal #s of people in them?
Gideon v. Wainwright
Baker v. Carr
Swann v . Charlotte Mecklenberg Schools
Miranda v. Arizona
309
McCain Feingold, a.k.a. the Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA) did all the following EXCEPT
barred issue ads by outside groups before an election
required reporting of PAC contributions
eliminated the public funding option
increased the amount individuals to donate to candidates
310
In what types of cases is the plaintiff always the government?
justiceable
appellate
civil
criminal
311
House or Senate? Has filibusters.
Neither
House
Senate
Both
312
One key job of the bureaucracy in relation to regulation is
rule-making
passing laws
iron triangles
filing class action lawsuits
313
The two models of organization for White House Staff are hiearchical and
circular
wheel and spoke
flat
solar
314
What article of the Constitution explains the judicial branch?
Article III
Article II
Article IV
Article I
315
House or Senate? Has a Speaker.
Neither
Senate
House
Both
316
You must prove you have been directly affected to prove that you have this in court
jurisprudence
representation
standing
legitimacy
317
All the following constitutionally "bind" states EXCEPT
dual federalism
privileges and immunities protections
extradition
full faith and credit clause
318
What is the status of the constitutionality of the War Powers Resolution?
It has been upheld.
It is currently pending.
It has not been tested.
It has been struck down.
319
All of the following tend to happen as you age EXCEPT
you vote more
you get more conservative
you attend to the news
You vote for Democrats
320
For what is Betty Freidan famous?
Starting Ms. Magazine
writing The Feminine Mystique
Being the lead lawyer in Roe v. Wade
founding the National Organization for Women
321
What aspect of campaigns gets the most media attention?
"horserace" coverage
the candidate's voting record
fundraising
policy positions
322
NASA, National Science Foundation & General Services are all examples of
Cabinet positions
Independent Regulatory Agencies
Independent Executive Agencies
Government Corporations
323
Is political socialization mostly formal or informal in the U.S.?
informal
formal
324
At the start of our republic, to vote you had to meet all the following criiteria EXCEPT
male
white
Christian
property owner
325
This 1857 case ruled that blacks were not citizens and slaves were property.
Plessy v. Ferguson
Reynolds v. United States
Griswold v. Connecticut
Dredd Scott v. Sanford
326
What type of primary do political parties like best?
unicameral
closed
open
blanket
327
Giving government jobs in return for loyalty and support of elected officials is called
due diligence
patronage
due process
merit system
328
What is the driving focus of organization and action in local political party orgs today?
patronage
converting voters
polling and policy positions
information management and mobilization
329
What is the only presidential foreign policy action that is self executing?
waging war
diplomatic recognition
executive agreements
appointing ambassadors
330
This amendment says Congress can't raise their own salaries.
24th
25th
26th
27th
331
What is the primary reason third parties do not succeed longterm?
campaign funding laws
the winner take all system
voter apathy
state requirementa to get on the ballpt
332
The United States government is accurately described as
a unitary federation
a republic
a democracy
an autocracy
333
When a newly elected president claims his/her policies should be enacted, they are claiming
electoral mandate
neutral competence
state of the union
bully pulpit
334
Most common criminals are prosecuted in what courts?
state
federal
appellate
district
335
What effect did Shay's Rebellion have on the "founding fathers"?
They opposed federal taxation
They feared a stronger federal power.
They added a Bill of Rights to the Constitution
They were eager to create a stronger federal government.
336
According to the Constitution, once a year, the president is required to do what?
hold a joint session of Congress
restate the oath
Give a speech
inform Congress about the state of the Union
337
Which of the following Constitutional principles insures we are not a confederation?
elastic clause
implied powers
supremacy clause
limited government
338
What fact might indicate that an incumbent is in a tight reelection race?
They are avoiding media attention
they are taking clear positions on issues
they participate in debates
they increase campaign spending
339
If the Supreme Court wants to hear a case, they issue a /an
a warrant
writ of certiori
oral argument
opinion
340
How long do national party conventions typically last?
1 week
3 days
4 days
1 day
341
Thanks to the 22nd amendment, the President is now inaugurated in this month.
January
December
March
February