Topic 2: Lessons 4 & 5

There are two types of fossils. What are they?

Fossils are proof that evolution has taken place for millions of years.

Embryological development and homologous structures are comparisons of anatomy that ________.

How do you know that vertebrates had a common ancestor at one point?

At times, new, related species suddenly appear in the fossil record. This is an example of ____________.

_____________ ; the set of chemical instructions that guide the function and growth of an organism.

Stromatolites are the oldest evidence of life on Earth. They are fossils composed of _______.

Ancient mammoths frozen into ice, petrified dinosaur bones, and insects trapped in amber are all examples of...

The fossil record provides evidence that life on Earth has evolved. How do we know this?

What are the possible effects of a mutation on the function of a protein?

An accumulation of small changes causes macroevolution, or the __________.

What can fossils help us learn about what Earth may have been like millions of years ago?

When one organism actually moves inside a different organism's cell it is called __________.

Proteins can ___________.

__________ is a relationship between organisms in which two organisms rely on each other to survive.

What evidence is there that every organism on Earth once had a common ancestor?

____________ in genetic material lead to microevolution within a species.

What are two ways that genes can be transferred between species?

Body fossils of trees are called petrified wood. What does the term "petrified" mean?

Fossil evidence about the history of life and past environments is called _________.

A ________ is the impression that an organism or part of an organism leaves in rock.

Usually, evidence from DNA and protein structure confirms conclusions based on fossils, embryos, and body structure.

What type of fossil preserves the shape and structure of an organism?

What does LUCA stand for?

Similar structures that related species have inherited from a common ancestor are called ___________.

The time scale of this sort of change occurs over thousands or millions of years.

A trace fossil is ___________.

Advances in tech let us see what's happening at the molecular scale and we can now compare DNA to find common ancestors

A species is __________ if it no longer exists and will never again live on Earth.

Most of what we know about ancient organisms comes from the fossil record. The fossil record __________.

Scientists know when and where life first evolved.