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world history study guide
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1
The Atlantic Charter was a declaration of the right to freedom of
Speech
Economic self-determination
Trade
the Skies
2
Which nation's actions caused the United States to fight in World War 1?
Germany
Mexico
Austria-Hungary
Russia
3
Which of the following did the Soviet Union pledge at the Yalta Conference in February of 1945?
to open a second front in the war by invading France
to foster communism in nations taken from German control
to attack Japan within three months of German surrender
to disarm as quickly as possible once the war ended
4
What is the most probable link between Militarism and Imperialism?
As a country's military expands, they seek colonies to recruit more troops
As a country gains colonies, its military grows to protect them
As a country's colonies grow, the military stages training exercises there
none of these
5
Which belief was common to the ideologies of Adolf Hitler and Benito Mussolini?
The Aryan race was superior to other races & should control the government.
Strong nationalist dictatorships would restore pride & prosperity in Europe
Governments should seize wealth & fairly redistribute it among the people
Adherence to strict religious practices would bring order to the state
6
Which of the following was a reason for growing nationalism & militarism in Europe & the creation of secret alliances?
the requirements for economic development
the competition during World War I
the rise of democracy
the collapse of communism
7
In response to the problems caused by the Industrial Revolution, Britain and the US did all of the following EXCEPT
Regulate water, food, and sewage
Redistribute the wealth equally
Limit the hours and type of work for children
Regulate living & work conditions
8
What region was referred to as the “powder keg” of Europe
Middle East
Balkan Peninsula
Alsace-Lorraine
Iberian Peninsula
9
Which BEST explains the reason Hitler was able to come to power?
extreme hardship brought about by economic decline
political coups supported by foreign allies
nationalist pride resulting from imperialist expansion
political instability caused by independence movements
10
Which situation is an example of totalitarianism in Germany in the 1930s?
negotiation of a nonaggression pact with the Soviet Union
frequent meetings of the German Reichstag
decline of the German economy
strict government control of the press
11
What caused Germans to start taking Adolf Hitler and his message seriously
the threat of invasion by the soviet union
the economic crisis brought on by the Depression
his skill at making speeches
the example of Mussolini's success in Italy
12
His successor, President Richard Nixon, eventually arranged a cease-fire agreement in 1973.
This agreement was made with
Thailand
Cambodia
North Korea
North Vietnam
13
A system where workers overthrow factories & government, and share goods
Urbanization
Capitalism
Socialism
Communism
14
Which statement best reflects a belief of Mohandas Gandhi?
The caste system must remain an important cornerstone of Hindu society
India must adopt the British factory system
India must achieve independence, but not divide the Indian people
Muslims and Hindus must be separated if true peace is to come to India
15
How did the Treaty of Versailles affect colonies controlled by the Ottoman Empire?
Control of the colonies was divided up among neutral European countries
The mandate system transferred control of the colonies to the Allied powers
The mandate system ensured the colonies became independent states
It forced Germany to accept responsibility for the colonies provide support
16
Which of the following is the BEST example ofhow imperialism was related to World War I?
German schools teaching English
England and Germany competing for resources
France building a powerful navy
England's alliance with France
17
The ethic conflicts in Bosnia and Rwanda resulted in
increase in world terrorism
a world war
acceptance of outside cultures
genocide
18
What resulted in the creation of a buffer zone consisting of Jerusalem/Sinai Peninsula/Golan Heights/West Bank?
The Yom Kippur War
The Suez Canal
The Six Day War
The first Arab-Israeli War
19
Which of the following was the location of a Nazi extermination camp?
Dresden
Warsaw
Auschwitz
Berlin
20
Which circumstances contributed to the breakdown of the alliance between the United States and the Soviet Union?
United States inclusion in the Security Council
Stalin’s promise to aid in the war against Japan
Stalin’s nonaggression pact with Hitler
Stalin’s unfulfilled promise of free elections
21
Who lead the expansion of the state of Prussia in the 1860s?
King Victor Emanuel II
Giuseppe Garibaldi
Otto von Bismarck
Frederick William IV
22
Why was the territory in North Africa so important to the Allies and Axis powers of World War II?
control of the major communication and transportation systems
access to the colonies of the Axis powers for agricultural products
control of the Suez Canal & access to oil from the Middle East
access to the shipping ports of the West African coast for trade
23
When did Chinese troops enter the war in the Korea?
when North Korean troops crossed the 38th parallel
when the UN voted to intervene
when the fighting neared China's border
when MacArthur's troops landed at Inchon
24
After World War II, which action was taken by many African territories?
Creating a strong, united Africa
Demanding independence from their European colonial rulers
Refusing to join international organizations
Rejecting most of the technology offered by western nations
25
What action on November 11, 1918 brought World War I to an end?
an armistice was signed
a surrender was given
a propaganda was waged
the allies won a major battle
26
Which of the following was a cause of World War I?
communism
lack of alliances
nationalism
fascism
27
What led the Soviets to blockade West Berlin?
a reunification of the 3 western zones of Germany
the Marshall Plan aid to West Germany
the crash of a U2 spy flight over Sovietterritory
the formation of NATO
28
In comparing Capitalism and Socialism which of the following statements is TRUE?
Socialism provides for more economic freedoms
Socialism is a system that has more efficient outcomes
Capitalism provides for more economic freedoms
Capitalism is a system that promotes more income equality
29
How did European colonists cause later conflicts in African nations?
they established boundaries that ignored ethnic divisions
the left the new independent nations without any governments
they set up unbalanced economies based on a few cash crops
they manufactured goods that were only useful for them
30
What happened as a result of the Sepoy Mutiny?
The East India Company was allowed to have soldiers
Rights for Indians increased under British rule
Indians gained independence from Britain
The British government took direct command of India
31
The figures in this early 19th-century cartoon represent the leaders of 3 European nations. Which cause of World War I?
alliances
militarism
nationalism
imperialism
32
What was the Allies' plan for victory over the Nazis?
Allies focused on North Africa to keep control of oil.
The Allies would fight Germany on two fronts to weaken it.
Allies instigated Operation Torch to burn key German points.
Allied forces met on the Eastern Front and invade Germany.
33
The destruction of the Berlin Wall in 1989 is iconic in that it represents
The declining power of NATO
The end of soviet dominance in Eastern Europe
The fall of the European Union
The fall of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin
34
What was the policy of the United States supporting countries threatened by communism with military aid?
The Marshall Plan
The Truman Doctrine
The Domino Theory
The Four Freedoms
35
Why was World War II's Battle of the Bulge important?
It opened a path for German forces to attack the Soviet Union in Stalingrad
It distracted the US so Japan could launch a surprise attack @ Pearl Harbor
It was the final major Nazi offensive against the Allied forces in the war
It prompted Italy to surrender, leaving Germany & Japan to fight the Allies
36
What event increased U.S. spending on education and technology?
Warsaw Pact
Soviet launching of a space satellite
Cuban Missile Crisis
Chinese-Soviet treaty of friendship
37
Which of the following was NOT a tactic used by the superpowers during the Cold War to influence Third World nations?
threatened them with nuclear attack
engaged in covert operations
provided military aid and built schools
sponsored revolutions and counter revolutions
38
Which type of Imperialism had the most direct control of a territory?
Sphere of Influence
Protectorate
Colony
Triumvirate
39
Which statement best characterizes the period of apartheid in South Africa?
Many racist ideas of the ruling minority were adopted into laws
The Boers attempted to conquer Nigeria and promote imperialism
United States political and foreign policy were implemented
A majority of the population had the right to vote
40
Which of the following events turned the tide in the Pacific and allowed the Allies to begin taking the offensive?
Doolittle’s Raid on Japan
Battle of Gaudalcanal
Battle of Midway
Battle of the Coral Sea
41
The ending of World War II occurred
simultaneously in Europe and Asia in August of 1945.
first in Europe in May of 1945 and next in Asia in August of 1945.
first in Asia in May of 1945 and next in Europe in August of 1945.
simultaneously in Europe and Asia in May of 1945.
42
"The term 'famine‘, or even 'Great Famine‘, refers to the failure of this radical collectivisation plan under Mao Zedong
Great Leap Forward
Cultural Revolution
Dynastic Cycle
Caste System
43
Which of the following describes the totalitarian state of the Soviet Union?
state police force that protected civil liberties
legislation that favored democratic rule
state run propaganda communication networks
freedom of speech for all citizens
44
Which of the following is true about nationalism?
One's greatest loyalty should not be to a king
The nation of people should have a common culture
none of these
One's greatest loyalty should be to a nation of people
45
Which of the following are impacts of Imperialism in Africa?
none of these
Africans were paid low wages & exploited
Africans were unable to vote or learn professional skills
Europeans introduced new technologies and ended slave trades
46
Who coined the term "Iron Curtain"?
Harry Truman
Joseph Stalin
Franklin Roosevelt
Winston Churchill
47
Which statement describes a similarity between the Weimar Republic and the government of Hungary after World War I?
They both gained independence in the aftermath of the Bolshevik Revolution.
They both developed more democratic governments between WW I and WW II
They were both weak and ineffective post-imperial governments.
They were both formed from the remains of the German Reich.
48
Which of the following led to the Holocaust?
Aryans spreading their language across Europe
long held anti-Semitic feelings in Europe
belief that pure descendants of the ancient Aryans were inferior
the Nuremberg Laws
49
Which sentence
BEST
describes the factors that led to the Russian Revolution?
Rapid conversion to industrialization & the Great Famine
Nicholas II’s lavish spending & weak leadership
Unequal distribution of wealth, food shortages, & World War I casualties
Anger over the assassination of the czar & humiliating military defeats
50
Which statement best reflects an effect of imperialism in Africa?
land was distributed equally between social classes
natural resources were exploited for the benefit of European powers
timbuktu became the center of great learning
territorial divisions were established by tribal boundaries
51
Which of the following was part of MacArthur's plan for Japan after World War II?
a one house legislature elected by all citizens over the age of twenty
increase the Japanese emperor’s influence in Japanese life
a provision in the constitution forbidding offensive war
large landholders were required to sell their holdings to factory owners
52
The 1956 Suez Crisis began when
The U.S. refused to give up control of the Suez Canal
Egypt seized control of the Suez Canal
The Soviet Union bombed the Suez Canal
Great Britain refused to make improvements to the Suez Canal
53
The purpose of alliances such as the Triple Alliance and Triple Entente was:
To provide mutual defense and support in case of war
To help expand empires in Africa
To create a mutually beneficial trade union
To cooperatively share resources in African colonies
54
Pan-Arabism united all of the Arab countries in the middle east through nationalism against
Africa
United States
Israel
Europe
55
What effect did the visit of Commodore Perry have on the Japanese?
Japan declared war on Russia to gain Korea as a buffer zone
Japan tried to build its own modern navy before he returned
Japan and United States signed Treaty of Kanagawa
Japan closed its ports to all Western traders
56
The "Big Three" met in Yalta where they made plans that lead to the United Nations. How was the US involved? best answer
The Cold War broke ties between the United States and Soviet Union.
The United States held on to an isolationist position in foreign policy.
Harry S. Truman was the president when the United Nations formed.
United States leaders were crucial to the planning of the United Nations.
57
The purpose of propaganda during WWI was to
inform the public
censor the press
maintain civilian support for the war
expose antiwar activity
58
Which group was the MAIN target of the Nazis during the Holocaust?
Jews
immigrants
women
Christians
59
Which of the following was characterized by Joseph Stalin’s rule in the Soviet Union?
introduction of democratic political institutions
establishment of a dictatorship
development of a market economy
encouragement of religious beliefs
60
United States participation in the SALT talks of the 1970’s is evidence that the United States
relies on military alliances for defense against aggression
has been willing to to cooperate with others reduce arm race tensions
believes that cultural exchange programs are a way to promote understanding
has followed a free trade policy for most the 20th century
61
How were the unifications of Italy and Germany similar?
Both took over territory controlled by the Catholic Church
both involved a war with France
Both used military force to unify various territories.
Both unified into an empire
62
What reparations were included in the Treaty of Versailles?
a requirement that Great Britain give up its colonies
a requirement that Germany pay billions of dollars
a restoration of European empires
a restoration of territory to Germany
63
The Potsdam Conference of 1945 marked the beginning of diplomatic conflict between the US and the Soviet Union because…
Stalin reneged on his agreement to assist the US in its fight against Japan
Truman was suspicious of Stalin's actions in eastern Europe.
Truman confronted Stalin with evidence of Soviet war crimes.
Stalin wanted German prisoners of war be executed as terms of the surrender
64
At this 1943 conference, Roosevelt, Churchill, & Stalin developed a strategic plan to defeat Nazi Germany and her allies
the Tehran Conference
the Yalta Conference
the Atlantic Charter
the Potsdam Conference
65
A principle of governments avoiding regulating and interfering in business
Laissez-Faire
Capitalism
Urbanization
Socialism
66
Similar to Great Britain, Germany was able to quickly Industrialize due to
A surplus of food production
A wealthy merchant class
Large supplies of coal & Iron Ore
Owning even more colonies than Britain
67
Which BEST describes the impact of using trenches for warfare during World War I?
The use of trenches led to diseases of the foot, which required amputation
The use of trenches allowed soldiers to advance secretly at night
The use of trenches lessened the use of tanks on the frontlines
They were only used on the Eastern Front, it was not possible anywhere else
68
One reason Mikhail Gorbachev implemented the policies of glasnost and perestroika in the Soviet Union was to:
eliminate freedom of speech and press
encourage political discussion and economic reform
destroy the power of the opposition party
dominate the governments of Eastern Europe
69
A textbook states: "The rise of fascism in Asia differed from the rise of fascism in Europe." This is because...
The military gradually seized power from the civilian government in Japan
Fascist parties in Italy & Germany were supported when the economy failed.
Fascist leaders in Japan emphasized religion rather than nationalism.
Only Fascist leaders in Germany and Italy pursued territorial expansion.
70
Why did Japanese Emperor Hirohito authorize his military to bomb Pearl Harbor in late-1941?
He was convinced to do so by Adolf Hitler
He knew it would end U.S. involvement in World War II.
He wanted revenge for the U.S. bombing of Tokyo
He hoped to destroy most of the U.S. Navy there
71
In regards to the Berlin Conference, which of the following is a true statement?
Africans were invited to the conference and given a voice
Europeans traded colonies to maintain a balance of power
Africans were not invited & no concern was given to their ethnic divisions
Europeans agreed to stop colonizing Africa
72
The chief goal of the League of Nations was to...
Create a United States of European Nations
End Imperialism
Prevent Future Wars
Enforce the Treaty of Versailles
73
During the Meiji Restoration
Mongols invaded the islands of Japan.
Buddhism became the official religion of Japan.
Japan modernized its economy.
the Japanese government adopted an isolationist policy.
74
The Holocaust" of World War II generally refers to the
internment of Japanese-Americans in the United States
treatment of Chinese people by Japan in the late 1930s.
planned murder of Jews, gypsies, communists, by Germany
bombing of the interior regions of Germany
75
What led to the first Opium War in 1839?
Qing Dynasty wanted control of the opium trade in Europe.
The Chinese were growing and selling poppies.
Secret martial arts societies smuggled opium into Hong Kong.
When British merchants began selling opium in China.
76
Which of these statements best summarizes how Kwame Nkrumah views decolonization?
Independence will solve all of Africa's problems
Most African nations are not adequately prepared for self-government
The benefits of independence outweigh the challenges
Independence must be achieved by violent means if necessary
77
What was the immediate impact of the terrorist attack in the United States on 9/11?
It left Americans feeling vulnerable and afraid
it permanently increased television news coverage of attacks
it led to the creation of a international antiterror force
it caused martial law to be temporarily enforced in the U.S
78
A system in which individuals and businesses make production decisions
Socialism
Communism
Capitalism
Urbanization
79
How did the Agricultural Revolution lead to the Industrial Revolution?
it increased food supplies
all of these
it caused farmers to lose land and seek other work
it led to population growth
80
What is one a reason for the staggering casualties that Russia suffered in World War I?
the ongoing civil war between the Whites and Reds
the long stalemate on the Western Front
a poorly equipped army
the necessity of fighting a war on two fronts
81
Due to the innovations and tactics of both sides World War I became
An affair with relatively few deaths
A one sided affair that ended quickly
A stalemate and a war of attrition
None of these
82
How did
Kristallnacht
demonstrate Nazi persecution of Jews?
Nazi troops attacked Jewish homes, businesses, & synagogues
That was the day the Nazis began large deportations of Jews
A law passed on that day that required Jews to wear yellow stars
All of these happened
83
What was the turning point in the Pacific Theater during World War II?
Battle of El Alamein
Battle of Stalingrad
Battle of Midway
Battle of Coral Sea
84
One similarity between the Sepoy Rebellion in India and Boxer Rebellion in China is that both were
successful revolts against absolute monarchs
attempts to end foreign interference
reactions to the opium trade
religious reform movements
85
Which statement describes conditions for soldiers in World War I?
Soldiers were confined to trenches and underground bunkers
Soldiers were able to receive medical attention quickly as possible
Soldiers were fighting with better training due to industrialization
Soldiers were able to use transportation technology to keep moving
86
What does the use of kamikaze pilots show about Japanese culture?
They hated Americans enough to die killing them.
People, full of despair after atomic bombs fell on Japan.
They valued national honor more than individual life.
They didn't mind dying since they expected to lose the war.
87
The Treaty of Versailles required Germany to take responsibility for war damages. What is an unintended result of this?
Germany lost control of several of its territories
German leaders adopted an isolationist agenda
High reparations lessened German power and hostility
Harsh penalties led to the rise of fascism in Germany
88
He wrote the Communist Manifesto, and predicted class warfare
Karl Marx
James Watt
Jeremey Bentham
Adam Smith
89
"The people who cast the votes decide nothing. The people who count the votes decide everything" this is Stalins view of
The assassination of democratic leaders in Poland and Czechoslovakia
Reparations from Germany following World War II
Free elections in Eastern Europe during the Cold War
Peace agreements made by the Allies with several Axis nations in 1947
90
Stalin’s “Great Purge” from 1934 to 1939
replaced agricultural workers with technology.
brought about the death of millions of people.
eliminated the army’s dominance in state decisions.
expanded Soviet agriculture at the expense of industry.
91
Which of the following was NOT a reason that the Industrial Revolution began in England?
England had colonies for cheap raw materials and markets to sell goods to.
England had large deposits of natural resources, especially iron & Coal
England had banned the Communist Manifesto
England had banks, a gov't that encouraged trade, and money to invest
92
The German blitzkrieg was a military strategy that depended on what advantage?
a system of fortifications
ability to make a long, steady advance
surprise and overwhelming force
"out-waiting" the opponent
93
Which of the following was a result of the Agricultural Revolution?
Many small farmers became tenant farmers or moved to cities
Enclosures became landmarks of wealthy landowners
Landowners experimented with new agricultural methods
All of these are true
94
What combination led to the German defeat in the Battle of Stalingrad?
Russian troops and the Russian winter
Russian and British troops
Russian and German fuel shortages
Russian ground forces and American air strikes
95
What economic system was used to reshape China’s economy after the civil war?
Laissez-faire
Capitalism
Social Democracy
Communism
96
Which statement BEST contains facts that analyze the fall of the Ottoman Empire after World War I?
Lack of industrialization & siding with Germany led to its downfall.
They favored industrialization over building an army which led to its end
Adherence to Islamic traditions & a weak government led to its downfall.
Inability to fight the Russian army & a bad economy led to its downfall.
97
These are poorly constructed apartments built by factory owners
Laissez-Faire
Urbanization
Tenements
Labor Union
98
Why was India called the "Jewel in the crown"?
None of these
It was the most valuable of all of Britain's colonies
It had a vast supply of diamonds, rubies, and sapphires
The Sepoys were a perfect model of successful imperialism
99
All of the following were goals of the Five-Year Plans EXCEPT
a stronger national defense
rapid industrial growth
the modernization of the Soviet economy
the promotion of communism worldwide
100
The connection between Margaret Thatcher, Golda Meir, and Indira Gandhi is that they
Fought for women to have the right to vote
Believed women were entitled to the same pay as men
Agreed that women should be on the front lines
All held the title of Prime Minister
101
Compared to the western front, fighting on the Eastern front was
not as deadly, with far fewer casualties
more fluid, as the Germans made inroads into Russia
over quickly
a deadlock, with German and Austrian troops trapped for months in trenches
102
During the global depression, war debts caused great suffering in?
the United States
France
Great Britain
Germany
103
This is a group of workers, who demand better pay & conditions, went on strikes
Tenements
Laissez-Faire
Urbanization
Labor Union
104
The process of populations moving from the country to the city to look for jobs
Laissez-Faire
Urbanization
Tenements
Labor Union
105
The mandate system
allowed Britain and France to take Ottoman lands into protective custody.
was one of President Wilson’s Fourteen Points.
formed the basis of redrawing the boundaries of central Europe.
determined Germany’s reparations payments.
106
Which statement BEST explains how the Treaty of Versailles led to World War II?
Germany’s humiliation at Versailles made them seek territorial expansion
Because of the concessions grated at Versailles, fascism spread unchecked
The treatment of Italy during negotiations @ Versailles empowered Mussolini
Woodrow Wilson’s push for decolonization alienated the United States
107
What was the Industrial Revolution?
An increase in machine-made goods beginning in England during the 1700s
Widespread use of teenagers as factory laborers who worked long hours
Increased purchases of land by wealthy landowners to cultivate large fields
Increased populations of urban areas during the 1800s
108
Which of the following inventions of World War I were designed for reconnaissance?
Poisonous Gas
Tanks
Machine Guns
Aircraft
109
Why did Japan expand into Korea and Manchuria in the 1890s?
Japan was worried that the Chinese would invade those areas
Japan sought to isolate itself from chance of invasion
Japan needed additional sources of raw materials
Japan wanted to destroy the U.S. military
110
How did new methods and technology affect the lives of soldiers during World War I?
Advanced sanitation techniques were used to stop the spread of disease
Soldiers were able to use telephones to contact their families
New innovations in transportation allowed access to supplies
The use of machine guns & minefields led to severe wounds among soldiers
111
All of the following were common to both fascism and communism EXCEPT
a classless society
a disregard for individual rights
supremacy of the state
a one-party system
112
He wrote the Wealth of Nations, argued that competition drives the economy
Jeremey Bentham
Adam Smith
James Watt
Karl Marx
113
What led Chinese students to demand democratic reform?
the breakup of the Soviet Union and election of Yelsin
economic reforms that allowed Western ideas into China
the visit by U.S. president Richard Nixon
the fall of the Berlin Wall and the reunification of Germany
114
The genocide in Rwanda resulted from a long conflict between
Christians and Muslims.
white colonists and the black majority.
supporters of the USSR and supporters of the USA.
an ethnic majority and an ethnic minority.
115
As part of the Treaty of Versailles, Germany was imposed reparations which means...
They had lost their overseas colonies to the other imperial powers
They had to pay for the cost of the war
They had to admit fault for the war
They had to reduce their military so they could not start a war
116
What was the name of the alliance established by European Communist nations in response to NATO?
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics
Iron Curtain
Warsaw Pact
Second World Pact
117
The major goal of radical religious and cultural terrorist groups is the destruction of
all forms of government.
subway stations and shopping malls.
what they consider the forces of evil.
government and religious buildings.
118
What event in Sarajevo ignited the Great War?
Austria's rejection of Serbia's offer
an ultimatum presented to Serbia in response to royal deaths
Russian mobilization of troops along the Austrian border
the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand
119
The purpose of the creation of Israel was to
provide the European Jewish refugees with a homeland
give western countries easier access to oil in the middle east
provide the Arabs with more Mediterranean ports
force Britain to relinquish all imperial colonies
120
The Tiananmen Square protests, the anti-Apartheid movement, and the fall of the Berlin Wall all represent efforts
of an uneducated majority against minority rule.
in the pursuit of freer governments.
of a bureaucratic elite to stop foreign intervention.
to resist Western influence during the Cold War.
121
Which statement
BEST
explains a global economic
impact of the Russian Revolution?
Lenin converted Russia to a communist state, modeling communism in action
Stalin shifted Russia to a collectivized communist state modeling reforms
Stalin made Russia into a global communist agricultural power
Lenin implemented a successful model of rapid industrialization
122
Which did Stalin repeatedly urge Churchill and Roosevelt to do in order to relieve German pressure on Soviet armies?
invade Italy
use atomic bombs
invade France
invade Germany
123
The first area to undergo major industrialization was
coal mining
textile production
railroads
banking
124
Why did the U.N fail in its plan to create a Palestinian State in the late 1940s?
Palestinians objected to receiving only part of the Mandate of Palestine
the Israelis did not agree on the borders for the Palestinian State
Palestinians could not agree on a government for the Palestinian State
the new state of Israel immediately seized the territory of Palestine
125
Why did millions of Germans turn against the leaders of the Weimar Republic?
They were members of the Nazi party
Their leadership led to the loss of the war
They signed the Treaty of Versailles
The country was not ready for a democracy
126
The dividing of India into two nations was referred to as?
The civil war
The partition
All of these
The separation
127
What was significant about the Allied victory at the First Battle of the Marne (Failure of the Schlieffen Plan)?
It resulted in Germany's war on two fronts.
It prompted Great Britain to enter the war.
It stopped Germany from invading France.
It allowed Russia time to mobilize its army.
128
What did the Allies’ strategy of “island-hopping” in the Pacific involve?
attacks on all Japanese-held islands
attacks only on islands that were Japanese strongholds
attacks on all islands within 500 miles of Japan
attacks only on islands that are not well defended
129
Which statement
BEST
explains how the conference at Yalta shaped Europe after World War II
The Soviet Union would not be allowed to join the United Nations.
The Allies developed a strategic alliance with the Soviet Union
It determined which countries would control the occupied zones in Germany
The Allies designed a plan to ensure that Nazism was eliminated in Germany
130
The Treaty of Versailles forced _____ to accept total responsibility for the start of the World War I.
Japan
Russia
Italy
Germany
131
How were the political and economic policies of Benito Mussolini and Adolf Hitler different?
Hitler supported a policy of Aryan superiority
Mussolini supported a policy of government involvement in the economy
Mussolini supported a policy of territorial expansion
Hitler supported a policy of military strength.
132
What was the
MAIN
reason for fighting in Northern Africa during World War II?
control of Turkey and Iraq's oil reserves
control of the Suez Canal and access to oil from the Middle East
control of Spain and Portugal's access to the Atlantic Ocean
control of the Mediterranean Sea and it's seaports
133
Kwame Nkrumah believed that Africans should unite to enjoy the full benefits of Africas wealth of human resources called
imperialism
pan-Africanism
urbanization
colonialism
134
A system in which the government controls factories, farms, and important industries; not the workers or business owners
Communism
Capitalism
Socialism
Urbanization
135
What is the policy of glorifying power and keeping an army prepared for war?
imperialism
patriotism
nationalism
militarism
136
How did the Treaty of Versailles affect postwar Germany?
It left Germany in the same state as it was before the war
It left a legacy of bitterness and hatred
It gave Germans the drive to rebuild their nation
It stabilized the German economy and gave aid
137
What event caused the United States to join WWII?
Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor
Nazi invasion of France
Japanese invasion of China
Signing of the Atlantic Charter
138
Which statement best summarizes the Schlieffen Plan?
Send half the army to fight both
Attack Russia first, then France
None of these
Attack France first, then Russia
139
Which statement
BEST
explains why the number of recognized countries in Europe increased after World War I?
Harsh conditions imposed on losing states created political divisions
Europeans became less united without a common enemy in Germany
Many new countries broke away from Russia because it became Communist
Few of the empires that existed at the beginning of World War I survived
140
Factories were usually located near rivers, that is until
James Watt invented the steam engine
Henry Bessemer invented a new and cheaper method of making steel
Alexander Bell invented the Telephone
Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin
141
During the Cold War Era, the US and the USSR were reluctant to become involved in direct military conflict mainly due to
the development of the H bomb & the potential for MAD (nuclear destruction)
the peacekeeping role of the General Assembly in the United Nations
Increased tensions in the Middle East over oil and natural resources
pressure form nonaligned nations
142
Which statement describes the Marshall Plan?
an economic plan to spend 12.5 billion on reconstructing Western Europe
a failed military plan to cripple communist influence in Western Europe
a peace treaty with the Soviet Union that was ultimately rejected
to form an alliance of all democratic nations in Western Europe
143
How did the tactics of World War I shape conditions for soldiers fighting on the Western Front?
Defensive positions were key to maintaining territory
Offensive attacks frequently led to rapid advances, so soldiers made forts
Defensive positions were hard to maintain, so soldiers were on the move
Offensive attacks & land gains were difficult: soldiers stayed in trenches
144
What impact did the war have on the economy of Europe?
it drained the treasuries of Europe
It gave women an opportunity to become heads of companies
it speeded the industrialization of Europe
It enriched the treasuries of the Allied Powers
145
Why did President Truman agree to use the atomic bomb?
To punish Japan for Pearl Harbor
To destroy weapons plants in Japan
To revenge those who died in the Bataan Death March
To bring the war to the quickest possible end
146
World War I was a ‘total war’ in the sense that:
all men and women were expected to fight in the war.
nations from all over the world were involved.
countries devoted all of their resources to the war effort.
new technologies played a large part in the war.
147
What was the goal of Hitler’s “Final Solution”?
system for winning the war before the Americans entered.
It was a way to gain more soldiers for the invasion Russia.
It was the genocide of people the Nazis considered inferior.
process to divide up his territories among his generals.
148
The unification of Germany under Otto von Bismarck demonstrates the
power of democratic ideals
impact of nationalism
influence of Marxist ideology
force of civil disobedience
149
In the trenches soldiers had to deal with
trench foot and loss of limb
shell shock and night raids
Rats and starvation
none of these
150
How did Russia’s participation in World War I affect its empire?
sale of supplies to western allies strengthened its economy
decisive military victories gained land from Central Powers
Economic hardships due to WWI led to downfall of the czar
The czar's reforms won the support of the Russian people.
