What is primary succession?

series of changes were no organisms or soil exist

What is the sequence for primary succession?

lichens, grasses, shrubs, conifers, hardwood trees

What is commensalism?

One organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted.

What is carrying capacity?

The most amount of organisms of a species that can be sustained

Levels of biological organization from smallest to largest

organism, population, community

As ecological succession progresses forward in time-

the diversity of plant and animal life increases.

An interaction between two species in which both benefit

producers, consumers, and decomposers

What does respiration have to do with the carbon cycle?

It releases carbon into the air.

Organisms living together in the same area, compete for resources.

What is an non-native species?

A species that originated somewhere other than its current location

where one organism benefits and one organism is harmed

How does secondary succession differ from primary succession?

Secondary succession occurs in an area that has soil

Which stage of succession would have the most species diversity?

A forest that has never been cleared by logging.

How do animals contribute to the carbon cycle?

They respire, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere, They die and decompose, releasing carbon

Biomagnification is...

when toxin concentrations increases up the food chain

Different populations in the same area

What does nitrogen fixing bacteria do?

changes nitrogen into nitrates so it is usable be plants

Consist of all the same species in an area.

Lichen and moss are important to ecological succession because

They break down rock and create soil

What are decomposers?

organisms that break down dead matter

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Ecology Test Review

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Questions 37

Answers

1
What is primary succession?
series of changes were organisms in a ecosystem
the factors that limit dispersal of a species
series of changes were no organisms or soil exist
a mini habitat within a larger one
2
How do animals obtain nitrogen?!
Uhhhh Yes
Eating plants and animals
By the soil
By breathing
3
What is the sequence for primary succession?
shrubs, trees, conifers, lichens
grasses, lichens, mosses, conifers
lichens, grasses, shrubs, conifers, hardwood trees
grasses, trees, hardwoods, lichens
4
What is commensalism?
One organism benefits and the other is neither harmed nor benefitted.
Neither benefits
Both organisms benefit
One benefits while harming the other
5
What is carrying capacity?
The most amount of organisms of a species that can be sustained
16 wolves
The amount of people that can fit in an elevator
The amount of water a container can hold
6
What is the penguin in this food web?
producer
tertiary consumer
primary consumer
secondary consumer
7
Levels of biological organization from smallest to largest
ecosystem, population, community
organism, community, population
organism, population, community
population, community, ecosystem
8
As ecological succession progresses forward in time-
there is very little effect on the diversity of life.
the diversity of plant and animal life decreases.
the diversity of plant and animal life increases.
None of these
9
_________ succession generally happens faster.
Secondary
Primary
10
Mutualism means...
An interaction between two species in which both are harmed
An interaction between two species in which one benefits and one is neutral
An interaction between two species in which both benefit
An interaction between two species in which one benefits and one is harmed
11
Remora are small fish that pick up the scraps that sharks leave behind while eating. The shark do not eat the remora.
Osmosis
Mutualism
Parasitism
Commensalism
12
The bee transports the pollen as it moves from one flower to another, pollinating flowers as it goes.
Commensalism
Mutualism
Osmosis
Parasitism
13
Protists can be...
producers, consumers, and decomposers
producers or consumers
abiotic
decomposers only
14
If 20,000 joules is provided to the primary consumers, how much energy is given to the secondary consumer?
200
2,000
20,000
20
15
What does respiration have to do with the carbon cycle?
It is step three.
It turns water into ice.
It is a type of carbon atom.
It releases carbon into the air.
16
Competition
Anything needed by an organism to survive.
Work together to acquire resorces.
Different organisms hunt and kill other organisms to supply their needs.
Organisms living together in the same area, compete for resources.
17
Ticks and deer have what kind of symbiotic relationship?
imperialism
mutualism
parasitism
commensalism
18
In the food web below, list the secondary consumers.
plant, owl, beetle
fox, rat, stoat
beetle, rat, rabbit
stoat, owl, fox
19
What stage of the carbon cycle is carbon returning to the air when fossil fuels are burned?
Respiration
Fire
Decomposition
Combustion
20
What is an non-native species?
An indigenous animal
A species that originated somewhere other than its current location
A species that originated at the current location
An indigenous plant
21
What ecological succession is being shown?
Secondary
Natural Disaster
Primary
Tertiary
22
DDT is a type of
Perfume
Medicine
Fertilizer
Pesticide
23
If a prey population decreases, the predator population
Increases
Stays the same
Decreases
Goes extinct
24
Parasitism is...
where one organism is harmed and nothing happens to the other organism
where one organism benefits and nothing happens to the other organism
where one organism benefits and one organism is harmed
where both organisms benefit
25
Why is so much energy lost as you move up the levels of the pyramid?
energy is lost as “heat”
energy can not be created
energy always stays the same
energy is never lost
26
What do plants do with absorbed nitrogen?
Use it for cellular respiration
Use it for photosynthesis
Use it to build proteins
Use it as a natural pesticide
27
How does secondary succession differ from primary succession?
Secondary succession occurs in an area that has soil
Secondary succession begins with lichens
Secondary succession takes thousands of years
Secondary succession takes place on bare rocks
28
What is the most common way (90% of the time) that nitrogen fixation occurs ?
forest fires
nitrogen fixing bacteria
lightning
fossil fuel combustion
29
Which stage of succession would have the most species diversity?
A field that is regularly mowed.
A forest that has never been cleared by logging.
A newly formed volcanic island
A field that has not been plowed for one year.
30
How do animals contribute to the carbon cycle?
They respire, releasing CO2 into the atmosphere
Play games with the carbon
They die and decompose, releasing carbon
Make food with the carbon
31
Biomagnification is...
when toxin concentrations decrease moving up the food chain
instant death
when toxin concentrations increases up the food chain
the study of microscopic biology
32
What is a community?
One organism
all abiotic and biotic communities living in an area
All living things
Different populations in the same area
33
When would an ecological disturbance occur?
Wildfires
Droughts
All of the above
Volcanic Eruptions
34
What does nitrogen fixing bacteria do?
puts the nitrogen in soil
turns into water
changes nitrogen into nitrates so it is usable be plants
turns into oxygen
35
Populations
Consist of all the same species in an area.
All the tress in a forest
Consist of all the different species in an area.
All the fish in a pond.
36
Lichen and moss are important to ecological succession because
They are predators
They are not that important
They break down rock and create soil
They provide food for pioneer species
37
What are decomposers?
organisms that break down dead matter
they are predators
they are a ecosystems
its a community of both nonliving and living

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