Radiometric dating is a technique that does what?

Uses a variety of radioisotopes to date events in the past

In recombinant DNA methods, the term vector can refer to...

A plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living Cell

The host range of a virus is determined by

the proteins on its surface and that of the host.

What is the cause of the continental drift?

currents in the magma, move the plates and the continents that lie on top

What is alternative RNA splicing?

allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins.

a common type of phylogenetic tree used to show relations among organisms

What is the effect of a nonsense mutation in a gene?

It introduces a premature stop codon

The clasiyfing of biological organisms.

Process by which one species splits into two or more daughter species

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Chapter 16,17,18 and 19-2021

76 termsStudBud Administration

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Questions 76

Answers

1
Their are a total of _ mass extinctions?
3
1
2
5
2
Plate tectonics are the geophysics of the movement of major land masses.
True
False
3
One taxon contains an ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor, and no other organisms.
Polyphyletic
Monophyletic
Phylogenetic
Paraphyletic
4
Translation occurs at the Ribosome
False
True
5
The knowledge used to date fossils and rocks is known as…
Palentolic dating
Paleomagnetic dating
Radiometric dating
6
Phylogenies are?
the evolutionary history and relationships within groups of organisms
Data that is used in the future predictions of evolutionary development
A Family tree
Genetic disorders
7
How many small meteorites hit the earth each year?
1000
20
200
30
8
Carolus Linnaeus created…
Binomial Nomenclature
Monomial Nomenclature
Trinomial Nomenclature
Nomial Nomenclature
9
Which enzyme catalyzes the elongation of a DNA strand in the 5' → 3' direction?
Helicase
DNA polymerase III
DNA ligase
primase
10
What is taxonimy?
Whne you stuff dead animals.
The classifying of birds
The clasiyfing of biological organisms.
11
Mechanisms that prevent hybridization from occurring are…
Prezygotic isolating
Reinforcement
Postzygotic isolating
12
Radiometric dating is a technique that does what?
Uses a variety of radioisotopes to date events in the past
Uses a variety of radioisotopes to date events in the present
Uses a variety of radioisotopes to date events in the future
It helps with reading the past by using a microscope
13
What is An enzyme that joins RNA nucleotides to make the primer?
RNA primer
primase
origin of replication
replication fork
14
In recombinant DNA methods, the term vector can refer to...
A red blood cell used to transfer RNA into a living cell
A plasmid used to transfer DNA into a living Cell
A lysosome used to transfer mRNA into a living cell
A ribosome used to transfer cDNA into a living cell
15
How is the relative age of organisms determined?
Dating of the Earth
Dating of when the asteroid hit earth
Asking them
Dating of fossils
16
The morphological species concept distinguishes species based on what?
Physical similarities
Reproductive differences
Physical differences
Reproductive similarities
17
Homologies are similar traits that have been taught from a common ancestor.
True
False
18
Gram strain is usually determined by the chemical structure of the bacteria cell wall.
True
False
19
Identified that heat-killed deadly bacteria mixed with harmless live bacteria would become deadly.
Frederick Griffith
Hershey and Chase
T.H. Morgan
Oswald Avery
20
Taxonomy is concerned with the naming of organisms
False
True
21
The host range of a virus is determined by
the proteins on its surface and that of the host.
the proteins in the host's cytoplasm.
the enzymes carried by the virus.
whether its nucleic acid is DNA or RNA.
22
What is a mutation with a phenotype leading to death of an embryo or larva?
Enhancers
Embryonic Lethal
Genomic Imprinting
Histone Acetylation
23
A lack of which molecule would result in the cell's inability to "turn off" genes?
inducer
corepressor
operon
promoter
24
Enzyme that unwinds the DNA
DNA Polymerase
Ligase
Helicase
Primase
25
What is the cause of the continental drift?
current in the lava, move the plates and continents that lie next to them
currents in the magma, flips the plates and continents that lie on top
currents in the lava, which move the plates and continents that lie on top
currents in the magma, move the plates and the continents that lie on top
26
What is alternative RNA splicing?
allows a gene to make a gene.
allows multiple genes to code for multiple proteins.
allows a single gene to code for multiple proteins.
allows a single gene to code for one protein.
27
What is A set of three-nucleotide-long words that specific the amino acids for polypeptide chains?
Primary Transcript
Triplet Code
Template Strand
Codons
28
Homologies are
Similar environment
Similar traits
Different traits
Different environment
29
What is a Cladogram?
History can be represented in the form of a branching tree
a common type of phylogenetic tree used to show relations among organisms
When a single lineage diverges and divides into two nodes.
a series of ancestor and descendant populations, line drawn on a time axis.
30
What is the most common means of sympatric speciation?
Allopolyploidy
Autopolyploidy
Polyploidy
Mechanical isolation
31
What is the effect of a nonsense mutation in a gene?
It introduces a premature start codon
It introduces the wrong amino acid
It introduces a premature stop codon
32
Exotoxins are not soluble proteins released by living, multiplying bacteria.
False
True
33
Thinner ocean plates are forced under thicker continental plates due to?
Induction
Regression
subduction
Submersion
34
What is taxonomy?
The classifying of birds
The clasiyfing of biological organisms.
The classyinf of dead things.
Whne you stuff dead animals.
35
mRNA base triplets are called
Amino Acids
Codons
Nucleic Acids
Polypeptides
36
Which of the following is a protein produced by a regulatory gene?
repressor
Inducer
operon
Promoter
37
Operator's are essentially The "switch" to turn on and off a gene.
False
True
38
What is Speciation?
Process by which one species splits into two or more daughter species
Process by which one specie will stay the same and never evolve
Process by which multiple species combine into one daughter specie
Process by which multiple species split but then comes back together
39
Which of the following is used to make complementary DNA (cDNA) from RNA?
Reception
Reverse transcriptase
Translation
Transcription
40
What is the model used to show Phylogeny called?
Phylogene model
Phylogenetic tree
Pylogenetic model
Phylogene tree
41
An Okazaki fragment has which of the following arrangements?
5’ DNA, RNA 3’
3’ DNA, RNA 5’
5’ RNA, DNA 3’
3’ RNA, DNA 5’
42
Hershey and Chase Worked with fruit flies - showed that genes were on chromosomes.
True
False
43
The arm of a human is an example of homologie...
False
True
44
Both Bacteria and Archaea are
Eukaryotic
Neither
Both
Prokaryotic
45
Which of the following is not a normal feature of prokaryotic mRNA?
3' end
poly-A tail
start codon
5' end
46
Which of the following terms does not directly pertain to translation?
tRNA
rRNA
Polypeptide
DNA
47
Gram strain is usually determined by the chemical structure of the bacteria cell wall.
True
False
48
What produces important antibiotics?
low-GC Gram-positive
high-GC Gram positive
mycoplasmas
Peptidoglycan
49
extremophiles live in comfortable conditions
False
True
50
What is an enzyme that untwists the double helix of DNA at the replication forks?
lagging strand
leading strand
helicase
double helix
51
What gives cells the ability to turn off genes
Repressor
DNA
Corepressor
Promoter
52
Speciation is the process by which one species splits into two or more what?
Sperm species
Morphological species
Non-biological species
Daughter species
53
Sites where the replication of a DNA molecule begins?
telomerase
primase
RNA primer
origin of replication
54
Two species that are each other's closest relatives are called sister species.
True
False
55
Unwinds and separates parent strands.
primer
Helicase
Leading strand
Primase
56
Which group is the most recently discovered?
Nanoarchaeota
Thaumarchaeota
All of the above
Korarchaeota
57
Fossils are found in ______ rock?
Sedimentary
Igneous
Basaltic
Slate
58
What is transcription?
The synthesis of RNA using a DNA template.
The synthesis of genes using a double helix template.
The synthesis of proteins using an amino acid template.
The synthesis of DNA using a RNA template.
59
What is an evolutionary reversal?
An organism reverts from a derived state back to an ancestral state.
the trait arose independently in at least two different lineages
A group that does not include its common ancestor.
Development of similar structures in organisms that are non-related
60
What is telemorase?
An enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in eukaryotic.
An enzyme that catalyzes the lengthening of telomeres in prokaryotic.
An enzyme that catalyzes the shortening of telomeres in prokaryotic.
An enzyme that catalyzes the shortening of telomeres in eukaryotic.
61
What does a promoter do?
it allows a gene to be transcribed
it is another word for RNA
it creates a DNA segment
it is another word for ribosomes
62
Strings of Ribosome
Ribonucleoproteins
Ribozymes
Polyribosomes
Spliceosome
63
Introns are a non-coding intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene
True
False
64
In binomial nomenclature the first word is _ and the second is _
genus, species of genus
Species, genus
Primary Genus, secondary genus
Phenotype, genus
65
The three stages of transcription are Initiation, elongation, and _______
Termination
Transcription
Promotion
Radification
66
Their are a total of _ mass extinctions?
5
3
1
2
67
Thinner ocean plates are forced under thicker continental plates due to?
Induction
Regression
subduction
Submersion
68
A mutation occurring when the number of nucleotides inserted or deleted is not a multiple of 3
Nonsense mutation
Missense mutation
Frameshift mutation
69
Alternative RNA splicing
due to the presence or absence of mRNA
the number of polypeptides making up the functional protein
allows the production of proteins from a single mRNA.
increases the rate of transcription.
70
What is the function of reverse transcriptase in retroviruses?
It uses viral RNA as a template for DNA synthesis.
It hydrolyzes the host cell's DNA.
It uses viral RNA as a template for making complementary RNA strands.
It converts host cell RNA into viral DNA.
71
What is Phylogeny?
History of population growth
History of descent of organisms from a common ancestor
History of mutations in organisms from a common ancestor
History of evolution of organisms from a common ancestor
72
Which of the following is NOT a common bacterial morphologies
Cocci
Spirilla
Anacocci
Bacilli
73
Speciation that results when a population is divided by a physical barrier
reproductive isolation
sympatric speciation
autopolyploidy
allopatric speciation
74
Phylogenies are?
Data that is used in the future predictions of evolutionary development
A Family tree
inference of the evolutionary history and relationships among
Genetic disorders
75
In binomial nomenclature the first word is _ and the second is _?
Phenotype, genus
Species, genus
genus, species of genus
Primary Genus, secondary genus
76
The biological species concept distinguishes species based on what?
Reproductive Isolation
Natural selection
Mutations
Phylogeny

Chapter 16,17,18 and 19-2021 Flashcards | StudBud