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ANS 3043 Exam 1 Review Flashcards | StudBud
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ANS 3043 Exam 1 Review
ANS 3043 Exam 1 Review
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1
T/F: Growth is typically measured by the increase in weight or size over time or age.
True
False
2
Sclerotomes become the ___
Muscle
Dermis
Internal organs
Skeleton
3
Myotomes become the ___
Internal organs
Dermis
Muscle
Skeleton
4
Which biochemical signal is able to pass through the lipid bi-layer?
Growth hormone
Retinoic acid
Cortisol
Epinephrine
5
CRISPR/Cas9 AND artificial intelligence impact precision animal agriculture?
True
False
6
During the cleavage stage, cell number increases but cell mass remains unchanged
True
False
7
Which of the following is NOT a fate of the mesoderm layer?
Muscle
Circulatory system
Kidneys
Digestive system
8
What is the basic unit of animal tissues?
The mitochondria
Fat
The plasma membrane
The cell
9
Which phase during cell regulation are introns removed and exons spliced together?
Post-translational
Transcriptional
Post-transcriptional
Translational
10
Maturity is reaching the point of highest___?
Quality
Age
Complexity
Size
11
What is composed of a network of protein filaments and tubules in the cell
Cytosine
Cytokines
Cytokinesis
Cytoskeleton
12
Dermatomes become the ___
Skeleton
Reproductive tract
True skin
Muscle
13
Which of the following is matched
incorrectly?
Hypertrophy: accretion of material between cells
Hyperplasia: cell proliferation
Hyperplasia: increase in cell number
Hypertrophy: increase in cell size
14
In the process of gastrulation, what does the hypoblast layer become?
ectoderm
mesoderm
endoderm
15
The primitive streak is formed on which end of the embryo?
Cranial
Caudal
16
Match the definition to the term: an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a phosphate group to a specific molecule
Transcription factor
Kinase
Second messenger
Ligand
17
Cell cycle check points monitor the ___ of the major events of the cell cycle? *there's multiple*
Fidelity
Order
Size
Integrity
18
How much protein contributed from animal-based food to the human diet?
58%
38%
72%
46%
19
The process of DNA going to RNA is called___?
Transcription
I did not take biology
Translation
Replication
20
Examples of post-translational modifications include:
Methylation
Acetylation
Phosphorylation
All of the above
21
Pluripotent cells are capable of becoming any cell type in the body, including extra-embryonic tissue
True
False
22
Where are intracellular receptors located?
Nucleus
Cytoplasm
Within the extracellular fluid
Surface of the plasma membrane
23
Which of the following is NOT a component that characterizes cell growth?
Polysome profiles
Amino acid tracers
DNA content
Receptor response time
24
What is Growth?
The physical and physiological change
The biological and functional change
The process of increasing in physical size
Biological event in which an organism changes from simple to complex
25
Somitogenesis is the formation of paired cuboidal masses of the
mesoderm
False
True
26
If cell regulation does not function properly, it can lead to:
Stunted growth
Cancerous tumors
Birth defects
All of the above
27
Ligand that blocks a receptor and prevents its activation, thus weakening the biological response
Antagonist
Agonist
28
Within a blastocyst, what does the trophoblast become?
Pluripotent stem cells
Extra-embryonic tissue
placenta
Embryo
29
Somitogenesis occurs in a caudal to cranial manner
False
True
30
What do B-agonists accomplish as a growth promoter?
decrease lipogenesis
increase lipolysis
decrease protein degradation
increase protein synthesis
31
Which of the following lead to gene sequence variations?
Quantitative trait loci
Epigenetic modifications
Single-nucleotide polymorphisms
Copy number variations
32
T/F: Interphase starts with Gap 1 and finishes with synthesis.
False
True
33
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of day 0-1 in the ovum phase?
Male pronucleus is formed
The morula is formed
Sperm penetrates the zona pellucida
2 pronuclei merge to form a diploid cell
34
Which biochemical mode of action does FSH have? *hint: hormone takes action from anterior pituitary to the ovary*
paracrine
autocrine
endocrine
35
Since 1950, which of the following trend(s) have occurred due to artificial selection of livestock?
Decreased Feed:Gain
Decreased ADG
Increased Market Weight
Increased Fat Thickness
36
Which receptor cell types have the slowest response time? *hint: there's 2*
Intracellular
Ligand-gated ion channel
G-coupled protein
Enzyme-linked
37
Which of the following is a property of stem cells?
Able to give rise to specialized cell types
Unspecialized
Self-renewing
38
This is known as the ___?
Central catma of biology
Central dogma of biology
Protein Transcriptor
I don't remember
39
What definition best matches the term
differentiation
in this class?
Aquisition of functions different from those of the origonal cell type
The point in an animals life when we can tell it apart from others
Reaching the point of highest complexity
Trying to be different
40
How prepared do you feel for this exam?
Not at ALL!
Going to ACE it!
DONE studying
What is Growth?
41
True or false: kinases activate transcription factors by dephosphorylating enzymes
False
True