Bio 2 Final Review

This person wrote Darwin a letter which prompted him to finish and publish his book

The preserved remains of a living organism

The organisms in the plant kingdom are further subdivided into

the letter "p" in the Hardy-Weinberg equation

The basis for the former two-kingdom system was classification of organisms as to whether they were

Lamarck was the first to propose that organisms change over time even though some of his theories have been changed

New species are formed when

The study of the distribution of plants and animals around the world

If the half-life of a radioactive isotope is 1 million years, how much of it will still be left after 2 million years?

Carbon-14 dating would be most useful in dating

This type of speciation occurs when individuals are reproductively isolated, but not geographically isolated

Cell-like structures composed of many protein molecules that are organized as a membrane

Which category contains the greatest number of different types of organisms?

Which statement is true about the organism found at the base of a phylogenetic tree?

The process by which two species evolve in response to changes in each other is coevolution

A group of living organisms that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring

Body structures that are similar in structure but different in function are said to be

An individual possesses traits that make them better suited for their environment, what happens to these traits?

The half-life of a radioactive isotope is the amount of time it takes for half of the atoms in a sample to double

Organisms that live on land are protected from harmful UV radiation from the sun by this gas

"Catastrophism" was proposed by Georges Cuvier

In order for a trait or characteristic to be considered "favorable" it must improve the individual's ability to

Oxygen gas would have been found in Earth's early atmosphere

You would expect to find larger numbers of organisms in a family than in a

Life arises from pre-existing life

Atoms of the same element having different numbers of neutrons

As you move down levels of classification from kingdom to species, the organisms are

Which gas was toxic to early organisms, driving many species to extinction?

A system of naming in which the organism is assigned a two-part name

Two different species breed at different times of day

How do mutations affect the genetic equlibrium of a population?

Individuals with certain favorable inherited characteristics leave more offspring than individuals with other traits

The formation of new species

Two groups of dragonflies do not interbreed because the shapes of their reproductive structures doesn't allow it

Which of the following is true about a population in genetic equilibrium?

Natural selection could not occur without

In what language are all scientific names written?

The two MAIN sources of genetic variation are

A change in the nucleotide base sequence of an organism's DNA is a mutation

A set of derived characters is used to construct a diagram called

The first cells on earth were likely prokaryotic, anaerobic, ad heterotrophic

In a rock column, the fossils found in the lowest layer are

Linnaeus was the first man to attempt to classify living organisms

In the first scientific classification of living things, organisms were classified according to

The amount of time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay

This type of speciation occurs when one group is geographically separated from the parent population

Name given to the broader taxonomic level above the kingdom level

Punctuated equilibrium is a term used to describe a pattern of long periods of change.

A molecular clock would be used to determine the length of time that two species have been separate from one another

This scientist cautioned of food and living space shortages if the population continued to grow so rapidly

Which characteristic is shared by all members of the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia?

The organisms in the animal kingdom are further subdivided into

"q" in the Hardy-Weinberg equation represents the heterozygous genotype

The relatively sudden appearance of may new species when niches and habitats are made available due to mass extinction

The physical appearance of an organism

The idea that new life can arise from nonliving materials

"Similar function, different origin" relates to which of the following terms?

Descent with modification is the idea that modern organisms have descended, with changes, from older species.

The taxonomic category that contains the greatest diversity of organisms within a given kingdom

In a population of birds, females choose a mate based on particular phenotypic characteristics

In his experiment, Redi covered one of the jars with a cloth. The purpose of this covering was

Why did the development of sexual reproduction speed up the process of evolution?

He said that layers of rock form slowly and are moved upward by forces beneath Earth's surface to form mountains

Darwin served as a naturalist aboard the Mayflower

Mechanisms that prevent individuals of two different species from mating with one another

The cells of all plants and animals are

Spallanzani's experiment wasn't accepted because he sealed the flask and prevented the vital force from entering the jar

5 conditions are required for a population to be in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Violation of these conditions results in

Gradualism happens very quickly over a short period of time

The principle of Uniformitarianism was proposed by Georges Cuvier

The combined genetic information of all the individuals living in a population

A gene is a short segment of DNA that contains the instructions for one trait

As we proceed down the classification table from kingdom to species, there is an increase in

A dichotomous key is a tool used to identify living organisms

The science of identification and classification is called binomial nomenclature

RNA molecules that act as enzymes

The fossil record is biased in favor of species that:

Darwin noted numerous variations in beak size and shape in the finches he observed. Beak evolution is a response to...

Individuals of average size have higher survival and reproductive rates than larger or smaller individuals

How many kingdoms are represented? ferns, jellyfish, clams, mold, mushhrooms, conifers, true bacteria, algae, starfish

During gamete formation, the alleles of a gene for one trait segregate independently of alles for another trait

Gene flow is a change in allele frequencies in a population caused when new individuals move into the population

A phylum is the first subdivision of a kingdom

Archaebacteria are distinguished from the true bacteria primarily by differences in

This process occurs during meiosis when homologous chromosomes exchange portions of their chromatids

What is the most likely explanation for a pesicide losing its effectiveness over time?

The fossil record indicates that the first living organisms on Earth were

Cells that do not contain membrane-bound organelles

Linnaeus was the man responsible for the first modern system of classification

An event in which large numbers of species disappear from the Earth at the same time is a mass extinction

Which of the following is not true about a theory?

The process of change that occurs in a species over a long period of time

The results of the Cambrian explosion was the appearance of:

Structures that serve no purpose and seem to be left over from a previous ancestor are said to be homologous

The second part of a scientific name describes:

Alleles are the alternative forms of a gene

"Similar structure, similar origin" relates to which of the following terms?

If humans select organisms with particular traits that they deem most useful and then allow only those organisms to mate

Which scientist disproved spontaneous generation for all time?

Two species live in the same area but rarely encounter one another because one spends time in water and other on land