5. What has changed in NATO’s post-2014 cyber defense approach?

C) Cyber attacks were evaluated within the scope of collective defense

9. In what area was Russia’s NotPetya attack on Ukraine effective?

D) Tax software and logistics chains

8. What is the European Union’s NIS 2 Directive about?

C) To enforce cyber security standards in critical infrastructures

1. How are the cyber strategies of Russia and China transforming the international system?

C) Moves the balance of power to the digital plane, creates new alliances

4. What is the main purpose of Russia's disinformation strategy?

D)Shaking trust in democratic institutions

7. What are the states facing in the “Digital Cold War” scenario?

A) A bipolar digital norm and technology clash

10. Which criterion stands forward for cyber attacks to be considered “armed attacks” in international law?

A) The damage is physical and serious

2. What does the concept of "Digital Iron Curtain" mean?

B)Division of digital infrastructures between free and authoritarian blocks

6. What is the main goal of the “Clean Network” initiative?

B) Creating reliable 5G and cloud infrastructure

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Duygu

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Answers

1
5. What has changed in NATO’s post-2014 cyber defense approach?
A) Cyber threats were considered insignificant
D) Investment in digital technologies has been stopped
B) Attacks were seen as individual threats only
C) Cyber attacks were evaluated within the scope of collective defense
2
9. In what area was Russia’s NotPetya attack on Ukraine effective?
D) Tax software and logistics chains
C) Water treatment systems
A) Nuclear facilities
B) Health services
3
8. What is the European Union’s NIS 2 Directive about?
C) To enforce cyber security standards in critical infrastructures
D) Funding social media applications
B) Digitizing election systems
A) Establishing a criminal code for cybercrime
4
1. How are the cyber strategies of Russia and China transforming the international system?
B) Completely eliminates the use of military force
D) Only increases internal security issues
C) Moves the balance of power to the digital plane, creates new alliances
A) Contributes only to economic growth
5
4. What is the main purpose of Russia's disinformation strategy?
C) Strengthening non-governmental organizations
D)Shaking trust in democratic institutions
A) Promote global economic cooperation
B) To expand NATO membership
6
7. What are the states facing in the “Digital Cold War” scenario?
B) Transferring military spending completely digital
A) A bipolar digital norm and technology clash
C) Transferring cyber security to the UN Security Council
D) To raise technology companies to nation state status
7
3. Which fundamental element is not based on China's digital authoritarianism model?
A) Open source software export
D) Content censorship
B) VPN control
C) Social credit system
8
10. Which criterion stands forward for cyber attacks to be considered “armed attacks” in international law?
D) The source of the attack is social media
A) The damage is physical and serious
C) Coding language
B) IP address of the attack
9
2. What does the concept of "Digital Iron Curtain" mean?
B)Division of digital infrastructures between free and authoritarian blocks
A) Reduction of global internet connection speeds
C) Prohibition of encrypted communication in international law
D) Monopolization of data storage services
10
6. What is the main goal of the “Clean Network” initiative?
D) Closing blockchain networks
C) Auditing social media accounts
B) Creating reliable 5G and cloud infrastructure
A) To encourage cyber attacks between member countries

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