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Brain and Biology 2021
Brain and Biology 2021
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AP Psychology Unit 3 Brain and Biology Review Questions #appsychology #brainandbiology #unit3
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1
This area controls voluntary movements
frontal association area
reticular formation
hypothalamus
motor cortex
2
Botulin blocks the effects of ACh in synapses, this makes it a(n)
endorphin
endocrine
agonist
antagonist
3
For you to be able to run, ____ must relay messages fro your CNS to your leg muscles.
motor neurons
agonists
the ANS
interneurons
4
Thinking about a move will activate brain cells and move a robotic arm. This is called..
constraint-induced therapy
neurogenesis
hemispheric specialization
neural prosthetics (brain-computer interfaces)
5
Which endocrine gland regulates body growth?
thyroid
parathyroid
pituitary
adrenal
6
The association areas are located in the
limbic system
cerebral cortex
thalamus
brainstem
7
The complete set of genetic instructions in an organism's chromosomes is called the
DNA molecule
genome
zygote
heritability index
8
Bumps on a skull reveal a person's abilities and personality characteristics.
ablation
psychology
phrenology
introspection
9
This system slows your heart rate down and speeds up digestion
parasympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
sympathetic nervous system
limbic system
10
Personalities of adopted children are very similar to personalities of their adoptive parents
false
true
11
The speed at which a neural impulse travels is increased by...
sympathetic nerve
endocrine glands
synaptic vesicle
myelin sheath
12
Msgs are transmitted from your spinal cord to your digestive system's stomach muscles by the
CNS
sympathetic nervous system
somatic nervous system
endocrine system
13
The concentration of glucose in active regions of the brain underlies the usefulness of a(n)
fMRI
MRI
PET scan
hemispherectomy
14
Epinephrine and norepinephrine are released by the
parathyroids
adrenal glands
pancreas
thyroid gland
15
The thin surface layer of interconnected neural cells that covers the cerebrum is called the
sensory cortex
cerebellum
corpus callosum
cerebral cortex
16
Nerve cells in the brain receive life supporting nutrients from
motor neurons
sensory neurons
glial cells
hormones
17
Which brain area is primarily involved with controlling speech?
motor cortex
Wernicke's area
Broca's area
sensory cortex
18
Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into
the synaptic gaps
the terminal knobs
the bloodstream
the synapse
19
Which term reflects the idea that much of our thinking and acting is outside our awareness
dual processing
selective attention
cognitive neuroscience
serial processing
20
The somatic nervous system is a component of the _____ nervous system.
autonomic
sympathetic
central
peripheral
21
Addictive drug cravings are likely to be associated with reward centers in the
reticular formation
thalamus
limbic system
cerebellum
22
Also called the "little brain"
corpus callosum
cerebrum
cerebellum
limbic system
23
The reticular formation is located in the
limbic system
brainstem
cerebellum
motor cortex
24
If you stimulate the ____ in a rat, it will become violently aggressive.
thalamus
reticular formation
medulla
amygdala
25
Migraine headaches are most closely linked with an
oversupply of GABA
undersupply of serotonin
undersupply of ACh
oversupply of glutamate
26
The depolarization of a neural membrane can create a(n)
hemorrhage
neural network
lesion
action potential
27
Showing split brain patients HE in left visual field, ART in right what will they say they saw?
ART
HEART
nothing
HE
28
Which would be used to identify which specific area is most active during a mental task?
MRI
fMRI
CT
PET
29
Brain structure that provides a major link between the nervous system and endocrine system
cerebellum
medulla
amygdala
hypothalamus
30
Threadlike structures that contain genes
DNA
nuclei
neurons
chromosomes
31
Motor neurons are an important part of the
reticular formation
limbic system
PNS
motor cortex
32
Gage's accident showed that this region of the brain plays a role in personality & behavior
sensory cortex
frontal lobes
temporal lobes
parietal lobes
33
Olds and Milner located reward centers in the brain structure known as the
sensory cortex
amygdala
hypothalamus
medulla
34
Dendrites are branching extensions of...
myelin
endorphins
neurotransmitters
neurons
35
The occipital lobes are to ______ as the temporal lobes are to ______.
seeing, sensing touch
hearing, sensing movement
seeing, hearing
speaking, hearing
36
Neural networks refer to
neural cables containing many axons
the branching extensions of a neuron
junctions between sending and receiving neruons
interconnected clusters of neurons in the CNS
37
This plays a role in the processing of new memories
cerebellium
medulla
amygdala
hippocampus
38
The function of dendrites is to
release neurotransmitters into the synapse
receive messages from other neurons
hold neurotransmitters until needed
send messages to the axon
39
A brief electrical charge that travels down the axon of a neuron is called the..
synapse
action potential
agonist
refractory period
40
Severing a cat's reticular formation causes it to
cower in fear
lapse into a coma
experience seizures
become aggressive
41
Which of the following are located exclusively within the brain and spinal cord?
motor neurons
sensory neurons
axons
interneurons
42
Identical twins separated at birth would most likely have similar
personality
religious beliefs
political ideas
food preferences
43
Neurosurgeons have severed the corpus callosum in human patients in order to reduce
schizophrenia
epileptic seizures
depression
aphasia
44
Pic of dog is shown in left visual field & boy in right visual field of a split brain.
verbally report that she saw a dog
use left hand to point to a picture of a dog
use her left hand to point to a pic of a boy
verbally report that she saw a boy
45
An axon is
a cell that's the basic building block of the nervous system
a junction btwn a sending and receiving neuron
a layer of fatty tissue around neurons
part of the neuron that carries the message from the soma
46
Neurotransmitters are released from vessicles located on knoblike terminals at the end of the
dendrites
cell body
synapse
axon
47
Who would most likely study the effects of nature & nurture on differences in personality
evolutionary psychologists
behavior geneticists
psychometricians
humanistic psychologists
48
Nature refers to _____ and nurture refers to ______
chromosomes, genetics
genes, heredity
DNA, hormones
biology, environment
49
Which lobe receives the input that enables you to feel someone scratching your back?
frontal
parietal
temporal
occipital
50
The localization of a function such as speech production to the right or left side of the brain
neural networking
plasticity
lateralization
hemispherectomy
51
An undersupply of serotonin is most closely linked to
Alzheimer's disease
schizophrenia
Parkinson's disease
depression
52
The tremors of Parkinson's result from the death of nerve cells that produce
dopamine
ACh
GABA
serotonin
53
The knee jerk reflex is controlled by interneurons in the
endocrine system
spinal cord
resting potential
neurotransmitters
54
When new neurons are formed
lateralization
plasticity
neurogenesis
reuptake
55
When a person damages a part of their brain & other parts compensate for the loss
plasticity
neurotomy
aphasia
lateralization
56
A segment of DNA capable of synthesizing a specific protein is called a
chromosome
gene
neurotransmitter
hormone
57
The best way to detect enlarged fluid-filled brain regions in patients is to use a(n)
brain lesion
MRI
PET scan
CT
58
Multiple sclerosis involves a degeneration of the .....
myelin sheath
synapse
dendrites
nodes of ranvier
59
The medulla is to the control of ______ as the cerebellum is to the control of ______.
emotion, motivation
memory, attention
eating, sleeping
breathing, walking
60
Surgical destruction of brain tissue
MRI
lesion
phrenology
lobotomy
61
An all or none response pattern is characteristic of the
activation of the parasympathetic or sympathetic systems
initiation of neural impulses
excitation of the antagonistic hormonal system
release of hormones into the bloodstream
62
Sleep researchers interested in brain wave activity would most likely use a(n)
fMRI
CT
EEG
EKG
63
Damage to left cerebral hemisphere is most likely to reduce people's ability to
recognize faces
speak fluently
copy drawings
recognize familiar melodies
64
Molecules that bind to receptor sites on a dendrite and mimic that neurotransmitter's effects
action potentials
endorphins
antagonists
agonists
65
Opiate drugs occupy the same receptor sites as
ACh
endorphins
serotonin
dopamine
66
Type of psych that investigates the links btwn biological activity & our thinking & behaviors
biological psychologist
cognitive psychologist
psychiatrist
psychoanalyst
67
When the release of ACh is blocked, the result is
aggression
depression
muscular paralysis
schizophrenia
68
Your ability to experience physical sensations is most likely to be disrupted by damage to your
thalamus
hippocampus
amygdala
corpus callosum
69
The sequence of brain regions from the evolutionarily oldest to newest...
limbic system, cerebral cortex, brainstem
brainstem, limbic system, cerebral cortex
limbic system, brainstem, cerebral cortex
brainstem, cerebral cortex, limbic system
