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ST212 THE HUMAN BODY II MIDTERM CH.15-21 Flashcards | StudBud
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ST212 THE HUMAN BODY II MIDTERM CH.15-21
ST212 THE HUMAN BODY II MIDTERM CH.15-21
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1
A change in preload causes a change in myocardial contractile force. This response is known as (a)
(–) chronotropic effect.
(+) dromotropic effect.
(+) inotropic effect.
Starling’s law of the heart.
2
Which of the following is a true statement regarding baroreceptors?
All of the above are true
Baroreceptors acitvation is a response to pedal edema
Baroreceptors are located in the carotid sinus and aortic arch
Baroreceptors are active only in response to a decline in blood pressure
3
What is a febrile seizure?
A rapid response to an elevated temp of 102
A rapid response to hypothermia temperature
A rapid response to projectile vomiting
A rapid response to Intracranial pressure
4
The correct flow of blood is: thoracic aorta → abdominal aorta → common iliac artery →?
Celiac axis
External iliac artery
Portal vein
Carotid artery
5
Jugular vein distention is most associated with
aortic valve stenosis.
left wall infarct and left ventricular failure.
right-sided heart failure.
low volume shock right-sided heart failure.
6
What are the conducting fibers that rapidly spread the electrical signal throughout the ventricles?
Purkinje fibers
SA node
Av Node
Bundle of His
7
Which term refers to a heart rate less than 60 beats/min?
Heart block
Tachycardia
Fight-or-flight response
Bradycardia
8
Which of the following conditions is most common in people with AIDS (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome)?
Infections
Hypertension
Autoimmune diseases
Anaphylaxis
9
which of following vessels carries unoxygenated blood from the liver to the inferior vena cava?
hepatic artery
celiac axis
portal vein
hepatic veins
10
Which of the following conditions is caused by an overdose of heparin or warfarin sodium (Coumadin)?
Bleeding
Infection
Jaundice
Thrombosis
11
What is the hardest working cardiac chamber and therefore has the thickest myocardium?
Left atrium
Right atrium
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
12
Which of the following defines cardiac output
HR x stroke volume
Stroke volume x ejection fraction
Cardiac index x ejection fraction
After load x HR
13
Which of the following does the prothrombin time measure?
clotting activity of the blood
bone marrow acitivity
the amount of oxygen in the blood
the degree or intensity of jaundice
14
Which blood type is the universal donor?
Type O
Type AB
Type A
Type B
15
Arterioles spend most of their time
contracting and relaxing.
filtering clots out of the blood entering the capillaries.
filter H2O & solute@ 1 end & reabsorbing H2O &waste@another
absorbing lymph from the interstitium.
16
Referring to the ECG, the P wave represents
atrial contraction
atria repolarization
ventricular relaxation
atrial depolarization
17
An accumulation of excess fluid in the pericardial space
cause valvular stenosis
causes external compression of the heart
depresses the SA node,thereby eliminating pacemaker activity
cause a left-to-shunt
18
which of the following increases systemic vascular resistance, stroke volume, and heart rate?
stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system
stimulation of the vagus nerve
administration of a sympathetic drug
stimulation of the parasympathetic nervous system
19
The mitral and the bicuspid valves
"see" only unoxygenated blood
are the same valves
are semilunar valves
are both located on the right side of the heart
20
What is normal blood pH level?
7.4
7
7.35 - 7.45
98.6
21
What is the name of the lymph nodes that drain the head and neck region?
Thoracic
Cervical
Pelvic
Inguinal
22
Increased return of blood to the heart stretches the heart muscle thereby...
increasing stroke volume
increasing coronary blood flow
closing the atrioventricular valves
stimulating the vagus nerve
23
What is the largest vein in the body?
kidney
pancreas
aorta
vena cava
24
Binding of the bee venom allergen to antibodies on the mast cells causes a massive release of which substance?
Bilirubin
Intrinsic factor
Vaccine
Histamine
25
Which of the following is the least true of the circle of Willis?
It is supplied by the vertebral arteries
It is the arterial blood supply to the brain
Oxygenated blood is delivered to the circle of Willis by the jugulars
It is supplied by the internal carotid arteries
26
Which of the following best indicates why the left ventricular myocardium is thicker than the right ventricular myocard
oxygen saturation is greater on the left ventricle
the aortic valve is narrower than the pulmonic valve
27
The antithrombin activity of a drug
delays clotting.
is the major cause of petechiae formation.
is reversed by vitamin K.
is caused by a platelet deficiency.
28
Which structure “sees” oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary veins
Tricuspid valve
Pulmonary artery
Right semilunar valve
29
Which of the following is most associated with a blood clot?
Hemophilia
Agglutination
Rh factor
Fibrin strands
30
What is the term that refers to the removal of the palatine tonsils?
lymph node resection
appendectomy
adenoidectomy
tonsillectomy
31
A young woman is diagnosed with breast cancer. She is most apt to have
A sentinal node biopsy before the mastectomy is performed
the sentinel node radiated during the mastectomy
a sentinel node biopsy after breast reconstruction surgery
32
Which condition is caused by defective valves in the lower leg veins?
ascites
absent pedal pulse
portal hypertension
varicose veins
33
An antigen-antibody interaction
is prevented by antibiotics.
is called phagocytosis.
causes agglutination.
is called anaphylaxis.
34
What is the term that refers to an increase in stroke volume in response to the stretching of the heart?
Angina pectoris
Heart block
Starling’s law of the heart
A positive inotropic effect
35
Two arteries branch off of the aorta as it leaves the heart. They are the
jugular arteries
pulmonary arterties
coronary arteries
carotid arterties
36
Which layer of the heart also lines the valves and is continuous with blood vessels?
epicardium
pericardium
myocardium
endocardium
37
Which of the following refers to an insufficient blood supply to an organ or body part?
Pallor
ischemia
paresthesia
paresis
38
Which slinglike structure supports the heart?
Myocardium
Chordae tendineae
Pericardium
Endocardium
39
Which of the following is most likely to develop if the pressure in the pulmonary capillaries increases?
Pulmonary edema
Pulsating jugular veins
Pedal edema
Varicose veins
40
Which of the following is a consequence of sympathetic nerve stimulation?
Increases afterload
All of the above
Increased systemic vascular resistance
Peripheral vasoconstriction
41
These blood vessels are the smallest and most numerous and are composed of a single layer of endothelium
Venules
Capillaries
Arteries
Veins
42
Which of the following best characterizes the effects of hemophilia?
High fever
Bleeding
Infection
Jaundice
43
A person has a severe streptococcal pharyngitis (Sore throat). He is most likely to develop
Painful cervical lymph nodes.
Enlarged inguinal lymph nodes
Cervical lymphoma
Hypertrophied thymus gland
44
A heart rate over 100 beats per minute is referred to as __________.
Normal
Bradycardia
Tachycardia
45
The brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries
supply the arm.
form the circle of Willis.
are part of the hepatic portal circulation.
are present only in the fetal circulation.
46
Which cavity first receives unoxygenated blood from the vena cava?
Right ventricle
Left atrium
Left ventricle
Right atrium
47
the pacemaker of the heart is located in the upper wall of the
right atrium
left ventricle
right ventricle
left atrium
48
PMNs, polys, segs, and “shift to the left” are all terms that
refer to blood clots.
are related to erythrocytes.
are related to white blood cells.
indicate impending hemorrhage.
49
The amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of its resting phase is the
All of the above are true.
end-diastolic volume (EDV).
amount of blood in the ventricle at the end of its resting phase.
preload.
50
Which of the following is (are) described as partially encapsulated lymph nodes located in the throat area?
Lacteal
Thymus gland
Tonsils
Spleen
