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Immunology HIV Flashcards | StudBud
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Immunology HIV
Immunology HIV
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1
What is an anaphylaxis an example of?
Active immunity
Hypersenstivity
Passive immunity
Autoimmunity
2
Blood intravenous administration requires two nurses to check the blood before commencement?
True
False
3
Your patient is receiving a blood transfusion. If a transfusion reaction were to occur it would likely occur during....
After the first 150 mLs have been infused
immediately upon starting the transfusion
After the first hour has lapsed
during the first 15 minutes of transfusion
4
HIV TRANSMISSION:
1 & 3
Body fluids
Handshake
Breast milk
5
If there is a transfusion reaction stop the blood immediately.
False
True
6
Why are powder free latex gloves used in lieu of powdered latex gloves?
to allow the use of alcohol hand rub while wearing gloves
to prevent all three types of skin reactions to gloves
to eliminate the need for hand hygiene after removing the gloves
to limit the spread of airborn latex protein allergens
7
Allograft refers to bone harvested from?
Cow
Pig
One's own body
Cadaver
8
Blood transfusion reactions may include?
All of the above
Headache, chest and lower back pain
Nausea, bleeding, tachycardia or dyspnoea
Fever, chills, pruritus
9
Which of these is an example of passive immunity?
a person develops antibodies against the measles vaccine
a person is vaccinated for hepatitis B
antibodies are passed on from pregnant woman to infant through breast milk
a person develops antibodies to fight off an ear infection
10
Epinephrine is a Bronchodilator
False
True
11
Human Immunodeficiency virus, final stage:
MRSA
Prayer
AIDS
Cells
12
Latex sensitivities has food allergies EXCEPT
milk
avocado
grapes
bananas
tomatoes
peanuts
13
Wheezing and skin wheals can be signs of anaphylaxis
False
True
14
active artificial immunity
mom's milk
immunoglobulin
get disease
immunization
15
Neutropenic precautions include...
No fresh fruit, live house plants and wear a mask
Soft toothettes
No canned vegetables or fruits
No visitors
16
An isograft is a skin graft taken from an identical twin.
True
False
17
What causes the most allergic reactions?
Fragrances
soaps
weather
flowers
18
Secondary immunodeficiencies include:
DiGeorge syndrome
Malnutrition
Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome
19
A client is having anaphylaxis. O2 sat 88%, RR 30, and severe wheezing. How do you evaluate if epi was effective?
O2 sat 92, HR 90, RR 24
O2 sat 98%, decreased urinary output, HR 110
O2 sat 95%, BP 120/80, HR 110
O2 sat 93%, RR 24, Wheezing improved
20
Neutropenic precautions include:
Avoiding fresh fruit and vegetables
Restricting sick visitors
All of the above
Avoiding stagnant water
21
Patient exhibits S/S of anaphylaxis after an allergy injection. What med will likely be given?
diazepam
insulin
epinephrine
dextrose
22
An autograft involves covering an injured area of skin with
a skin substitute, such as an artificial membrane.
skin from an uninjured region of the patients body.
skin from a skin bank.
skin from a person other than the patient.
23
neutropenic precautions
gown
gloves
mask
whistle
24
Latex can cause anaphylaxis
True
False
25
Select all the autoimmune disorders
compartment syndrome
CHF
lupus
RA
26
Blood transfusion reactions may include?
Nausea, bleeding, tachycardia or dyspnoea
All of the above
Fever, chills, pruritus
Headache, chest and lower back pain
27
which is an example of artificial passive immunity?
bee sting
Anti-venom
being bitten by a dog
mother passing antibodies to foetus
28
How soon must a blood transfusion begin and end after leaving the fridge?
Start within 10 minutes and finish within 2 hours
Start within 40 minutes and finish in 5 hours
Start within 20 minutes and finish within 3 hours
Start within 30 minutes and finish in 4 hours
29
Immunosuppression following kidney transplantation is continued:
Until the kidney is not anymore rejected
24 hours after transplantation
A week after transplantation
For life
30
What is the most important intervention for a patient on neutropenic precautions
Hand hygiene
Monitor for confusion
Prevent falls
Watch for s/s of bleeding
31
Where would you get latex to make a pencil eraser?
By Mining
Trees from South America
Trees from California
From the ocean
32
all are effects on the aging immune system except:
increased infections
increased auto immune disorders
decreased cancer incidence
decreased immune responses
33
HIV-1 progresses _____ and HIV-2 progresses ______
slowly and slowly
more quickly and slowly
fast and fast
slowly and more quickly
34
AIDS diagnosis:
T4 less than 200
CD8 less than 200
NK cell less than 200
CD4 less than 200
35
On whom should Standard Precautions be practiced
Only with residents infected with HIV
On every resident
Only with residents infected with Hepatitis C
Only with residents infected with Hepatitis A
36
Which statement is true about anaphylaxis?
It's important to act quickly when showing signs.
The effects can be stopped/slowed by using epinephrine.
Victim may have trouble breathing and go into shock.
All statements are true.
37
Which is the general concept behind standard precautions?
Provide info about hazardous chems to the environment within
Assume all body fluids are infected with BBPs.
Maintain a workplace free of environmental hazards
Ensure employees receive workplace hazard training
38
active artificial immunity
get disease
immunoglobulin
mom's milk
immunization
39
The most important infection prevention education for chemotherapy includes:
Do not ever leave your home
No fresh fruits/vegetables/flowers
Avoid sick people/crowds
Handwashing (#1)
40
Immunosupression patient teaching for new kidney transplant
Alteration to Ig status common
meds are used to decrease chance of attack on new kidney
May experience personality changes with new organ
41
A client on HAART is progressing well if CD4 count is >200 cells/ mm3 and viral load is <50 copies/mL
False
True
42
passive artificial immunity
immune globulin injection
taking encough vitamins
getting the disease
immunizations
43
A GB pt is receiving plasmapheresis. They asked why. Which nurse explanation is correct ?
This will help you recover faster
this removes antibodies from you body
This will increase your Hgb
This will decrease your BUN
44
Anaphylaxis
A severe life threatening allergic reaction
extreme vomiting
when your throat closes
Death
45
What does seroconversion mean in relation to HIV and AIDS?
The virus has been identified in the blood and body fluids.
Antibodies for HIV have been identified in the blood.
Active infection has developed in the patient.
HIV was found in lymphocytes.
46
What is done if the HIV testing with HIV-1, HIV-2, AND HIV-1 p24 is positive?
patient will return in 6 weeks for a second round of testing
HIV differentiation assay is ordered
HIV-1 nucleic acid test is conducted
HIV diagnosis is confirmed
47
Which of the following is an autoimmune disorder?
All of the Above
Type 1 Diabetes
Rhuematoid Arthritis
Lupus
48
Thrombotic-Thrombocytopenic Purpura is an autoimmune disorder?
True
False
