stud
bud
Sign up
Log in
Home
Library
Explore
SAT
More
National Counselor Examination Review Flashcards | StudBud
Explore
/
National Counselor Examination Review
National Counselor Examination Review
73 terms
·
StudBud Administration
·
32 plays
Full Review
Flashcards
73 cards
F
Practice quiz
P
Host live
L
Questions
73
Answers
1
Which theorist believed in the zone of proximal development (ZPD)?
Kohlberg
Vygotsky
Piaget
Erickson
2
Which of the following are not included as a concept in deductive reasoning?
Medium premise
Obvious conclusion
Minor premise
Major premise
3
Analytical psychology, clustered people into introverts and extroverts,Anima/Animus,ego, personal/collective unconscious
Brenda Milner
Philip Zimbardo
Carol Dweck
Carl Jung
4
The fact that a group decision will be less conservative than a decision made by an individual can be explained by which
Risky shift phenomenon
Conditioning
Bystander apathy
Skepticism
5
A client in a middle age crisis questioning their life's purpose could benefit from__
Gestalt
Cognitive-behavioral
Existentialism
Client-centered
6
According to Kohlberg, the second level of morality contains two stages a typical level of development known as__
Pre-conventional
Semi-conventional
Conventional
Post-conventional
7
Most behaviors are learned and displayed in a cultural context.
False
True
8
In the United States, each socioeconomic group represents a different culture because they share:
interest in religion
educational levels
similar ideas, behaviors, and values
similar tastes in the arts
9
A counselor sets her monthly fees for consulation on a job-by-job basis. Which of the following reinforcement schedules
variable ratio
variable interval
fixed interval
fixed ratio
10
Holland's trait-factor theory matched which of the following together?
Personality traits with intelligence level
Gender traits with personality traits
Personality traits with job requirements
Professional traits with earning power
11
The ego state that evaluates what is really going on and makes independent decisions about the world is:
Parent
all ego states work together to perform this task
Adult
Child
12
Opened the Institute for Experimental Psychology in 1879, separated psychology from philosophy
Alfred Adler
Sigmund Freud
John B. Watson
Wilhelm Wundt
13
Suppression and repression are different because
repression is involuntary
they are not different
repression is voluntary
suppression is involuntary
14
Fritz Perls developed which type of counseling in the 1940s that focuses heavily on self-awareness?
Person-centered therapy
Humanistic therapy
Gestalt counseling
Existentialism
15
A(n) _______ is a form of descriptive research and requires a return rate of 50-57% to be accurate.
Case study
Analysis
Survey
Observation
16
________________ results when ideal standards are violated. According to Freud, this is a function of the ______________
Guilt, Super-Ego
Shame, Id
Anger, Ego
Guilt, Ego
17
Cross-cultural counseling:
None of the above
Recognizes culture as a marginal factor in counseling.
Is a consideration in some but not all counseling interventions.
Recognizes culture as a fundamental factor in counseling.
18
In the early 1900s ___, known as the father of guidance, began the Vocational guidance movement
Frank Parsons
Sigmund Freud
Carl Rogers
Alfred Adler
19
Personality tests or interest inventories measure:
Maximum Performance
Typical Performance
Goals
Academic Potential
20
Sociocultural theory-
adults and peers influence individual learning, cultural beliefs and attitudes affect development
Philip Zimbardo
Lev Vygotsky
Michael Posner
Martin Seligman
21
Which of the following is
NOT
a specialization in the counseling field:
Psychiatric Nurse
Addictions Counseling
Family Counseling
Mental health counseling
22
Of the following, which type of disorder occurs when an individual is defiant, throws temper tantrums, like a child
ODD
Conduct disorder
ADHD
Autism
23
Which is true about Freud's idea of the preconscious mind:
It contain only what is happening in the present.
It's our mind's state before we're born.
It contains both hidden memories and what is happening.
It contains only hidden or forgotten memories.
24
LOGOTHERAPY
Existential view; humans search for purpose that humans are good, rational, and retain freedom of choice
Sigmund Freud
Viktor Frankl
William James
Rollo May
25
(Albert Bandura) Therapists adhering to which of the following theories would believe that aggression is learned through
Behavioral
Social Learning
Psychodynamic
Humanistic
26
Ginzburg and his colleagues believe career decision making is done in three phases. In phase one, the child:
Pretends
Begins thinking about careers
All are correct
Role plays
27
Self-report tests like the BDI:
Depend much on the present state of the person taking it
Consistently and accurately measure its intended criterion
May not always be accurate
B and C
28
Of the following, which is NOT a curative factor of group, as outlined by Yalom?
Universality
Instillation of hope
Intrapersonal learning
Group cohesiveness
29
When you see the letter P in relation to a test of significance, it means:
Possibility
Probability
Positivity
Psychoanalysis
30
An operational definition:
outlines a procedure
describes the purpose of an experiment
is deductive logic
can be measured on a Likert Scale
31
A counselor who chooses their theory and techniques in order to match the client's attributes, resources, and situation
eclectic
holistic
informal
eccentric
32
It is ___to administer a test to a client from a certain population when the test has not been normed to that pop.
Illegal
Appropriate
Unethical
Unfair
33
Developmental career theorists view career choice as:
Ongoing
Optimistic
Fixed
Stable
34
Nosology, the process of formal diagnosis, is most closely related to:
sampling
the medical model
individualized education plans (IEP)
psychoanalysis
35
Using deductive reasoning to gain knowledge has been called:
Syllogism
Cross section research
Quantitative research
Qualitative research
36
Which of the following is true about counseling within a cultural context?
Counseling interviews hold less meaning.
The consequences of problems are more ambiguous.
Personal identity becomes more clearly defined.
Behaviors cannot be measured as accurately.
37
What do the adulthood theories of Levinson, Gould, Perry, and Jung all have in common?
They believed development happens only during young adulthood.
They agree that development continues into adulthood.
They believed adulthood is a reflection of one's younger years.
They believed adulthood is a time of stagnancy and being settled.
38
Scores from standardized exams that are based on and compared to the scores of other similar individuals are known as __
Valid
Reliable
Norm-referenced
Criterion-referenced
39
How many stages are there of moral reasoning, according to Kohlberg?
Eight
None
Two
Six
40
Kohlberg's theory of moral development has three progressive levels ending in:
sexual ambiguity
self-realization
principled thought
personhood
41
How does the study of human development help us understand developmental abnormalities in children?
It tells us what children with developmental abnormalities should be doing
It helps us detect visual and/or hearing impairments at an early age.
what most children should be capable of doing at different stages of their
It is typically concerned with the study of abnormal behavior.
42
According to Piaget's stages of moral judgment, a child younger than age ten will think which of the following is worse?
Not controled the dog who jumped up on the table and broke a glass of water
Someone who was trying to help his mother set the table and broke five dish
stealing a cookie from the e jar when he wasn't allowed, and knocked a cup
accidentally dropped a dinner knife which could have hurt someone
43
TRANSITIONAL ANALYSIS, Messages learned about self in childhood determine whether person is good or bad, "life scripts"
Claude Steiner
Albert Bandura
Eric Berne
Friedrick Nietzsche
44
Reliability tells:
where the counseling process should focus.
if the client can be trusted.
how consistently a test measures an attribute.
if a test measures what it says it measures.
45
You asked your current clients to offer an anonymous testimonial, telling others how useful therapy has been. In ethics
prohibited under any circumstances
allowed since it is a successful group that would benefit future clients
allowed, only if they sign a voluntary testimonial release
use a pseudo-name and do not provide a photo
46
This publication provides key information about a job, including training needed, salary, job outlook, etc.
ACA
NBCC
OOH
ASCA
47
A counselor career counseling group in such a way that it presents a "field and levels" approach whose theory is it?
Tiedeman
Holland
Roe
Super
48
Your supervisor suggests that you give your client a Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI) Test. This is a(n)_
achievement test
aptitude test
self-report test
intelligence test
49
Which is the correct order of Tucker & Jensen's stages of group development?
forming, norming, storming, performing, adjourning
norming, forming, storming, performing, adjourning
forming, storming, norming, performing, adjourning
performing, forming, storming, norming, adjourning
50
When a client becomes aware of a factor in his or her life which they were previously unaware, counselors refer to it as
deeper understanding
Aha! moment
insight
Both a and c
51
A Master's degree counselor with a doctorate (PhD) in Technology and Operations Management can advertise as
Dr. Jane Doe, PhD, LPC
Jane Doe, MA, LPC
Dr. Jane Doe, LPC
Jane Doe, PhD
52
Group members feel relief that they are not alone and that others share similar problems.
Instillation of hope
Universality
Imitative behavior
Imparting information
53
Ipsative measures:
show what a client needs to improve.
contrast traits with other personality factors.
compare traits within the same individual.
compare traits of people who took the assessment.
54
Nathan struggles w/drinking. He tells you he passed a state store and 'found my car pulling to the bar that behavior is
The superego
The Id
The Ego
The Conscious Mind
55
What do dual career families often lack?
Health Insurance
Money
Pets
Leisure
56
Jeremy, "really enjoys his job" as a watch repair man. His
strong Interest Inventory
would score high on:
Conventional
Realistic
Social
Investigative
57
Which of the following is
NOT
a factor in the sleep patterns of adolescents?
Biorhythm changes
Defiance
Increased academic and social demands
Increased need for sleep
58
In an experiment monitoring energy level and depression. a pregnant subject reports feeling "very tired", tired is a(n):
An intervening variable
All of the above
A dependent variable
A correlate
59
GESTALT -Experiential/existential approach -Focus on here-and-now -People are part of their environment-"Whole"
Ivan Pavlov
Carl Rogers
Leon Festinger
Fritz Pearls
60
When present in females, the Oedipus Complex is referred to as the:
Oedipa Complex
Electric Complex
Electra Complex
Feelings of Reciprocity
61
Your relationships with those in _____ can help you with accreditation and licensing.
hospitals
professional organizations
drug treatment centers
the justice system
62
What are the three levels of social groups?
First, second, and third
Small, medium, and large
Primary, secondary, and tertiary
High, medium, and low
63
Which is NOT one of the original 3 stages of career development identified by Ginzberg and his associates?
Exploratory
Tentative
Fantasy
Realistic
64
Which career theorist talked about life roles?
Ginzberg
Super
Parsons
Holland
65
Which of the following would be the most accurate way to describe the three major forms of parental abuse?
Emotional or mental abuse, physical abuse, and neglect
Mental abuse, bullying, and rejection
Physical abuse, violence, and bullying
Emotional abuse, physical abuse, and mental abuse
66
Perhaps best known for cognitive dissonance and social comparison theory.
Leon Festinger
Sigmund Freud
Jean Piaget
B. F. Skinner
67
In counseling___ is refraining from providing ineffective treatments or acting with malice towards a patient.
Beneficense
Non-Malfeasance
Exploitation
Anti-Consumerism
68
(William G. Perry) A college student viewing a situation as good or bad or right or wrong is using :
Erroneous Thinking
Pessimism
Dualistic Thinking
Relativistic Thinking
69
INDIVIDUAL PSYCHOLOGY -stresses the unique qualities we all possess -emphasizes drive for superiority
Lev Vygotsky
Erik Erikson
Alfred Adler
Carl Rogers
70
According to Berne, which following ego states occurs when individual makes independent decisions about the world
Adult
Adolescent
Child
Parent
71
Which of the following is not considered a subjective test?
TAT
None; all are subjective
Rorschach
WISC-III
72
One of the first formal therapeutic groups was held by:
Carl Rogers
Joseph Pratt
Wilfred Bion
Irvin Yalom
73
___ the process of gathering data to make evaluative comparisons
Experiment
Experimental Research
Thought experiment
Investigation
