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BUSM-1110_Business Law_Ch 1-7 Flashcards | StudBud
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BUSM-1110_Business Law_Ch 1-7
BUSM-1110_Business Law_Ch 1-7
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1
Imposing a ban on public smoking can serve as an example of law that adheres to what school of jurisprudence?
analytical
law and economics
command
sociological
2
What refers to monetary damages that are awarded to punish a defendant who intentionally or recklessly injured plaintiff
punitive damages
nominal damages
consequential damages
reliance damages
3
Which is enacted under state police powers?
personal property laws
corporate goverance laws
intellectual property laws
equal opportunity laws
4
What is "causation in fact"?
a defendant's negligent act that caused the plaintiff's injuries
a defendant's defense against a case of negligence
a defendant's plea of guilt due to negligence
the facts stated by a plaintiff during trial
5
Why have checks and balances been built into the US Constitution?
to prevent any one branch from becoming too powerful
to ensure that people of all races are uniformly represented
to ensure that the judiciary is not biased or corrupt
to keep a check on the number of amendments made to the constitution
6
Which courts are the federal court system's trial courts of general jurisdiction?
US courts of appeals
US courts of federal claims
US district courts
US tax courts
7
If competitor reverse engineers a trade secret, the competitor is_____
allowed to use the trade secret but not the trademark name
obliged to inform the original owner of the trade secret
no allowed to gain commercially from the trade secret
rightfully allowed to co-ownership to the trade secret and its trademark
8
What is a product, formula, pattern, design, compilation of data, customer list, or other covert business information?
trademark
patent
copyright
trade secret
9
T/F: The US considers Native American tribes as "domestic partner" nations with limited sovereignty.
False
True
10
Which courts hear matters of specialized or limited nature?
chancery courts
intermediate appellate courts
general-jurisdiction trial courts
inferior trial courts
11
T/F: The US government can gag citizens from criticizing the president.
True
False
12
Libel and slander constitute what?
misappropriation of the right to publicity
invasion of the right to privacy
defamation of character
the tort of outrage
13
What branch of govt. has power to enact laws?
legislative
judicial
executive
consulate
14
T/F:
Voir dire
is when judge and attorneys ask prospective jurors questions to see if their decisions are biased
False
True
15
Dr. Alex performed a kidney transplant on a patient. The surgery was not successful and the patient died. What is true?
Alex and the medical staff are all strictly liable for the death
Alex can be held strictly liable for the death
Alex cannot be held strictly liable because he is providing a service
The donor of the kidney can be held strictly liable for the death
16
State governments are given what type of powers by the US Constitution?
statuatory
enumerated
police
reserved
17
T/F: According to strict liability doctrine, all bystanders are entitled to same protection as consumer.
True
False
18
When the states ratified the US Constitution they delegated what powers to the federal government?
police
statutory
reserved
enumerated
19
T/F: The first 12 circuits of the federal court system are geographical.
False
True
20
Which of the following is an intentional tort?
disparagement
negligence
strict liability
defect in product manufacture
21
The Analytical School of jurisprudence maintains that the law is____.
based on morality
based on social behavior
shaped by logic
set by the ruling class
22
What refers to alteration/modification of product by party in the chain of distribution that absolves all prior parties?
assumption of the risk
abnormal misuse
supervening event
generally known danger
23
When the container of a product are not tamperproof, it is termed as what?
defect in manufacture
failure to warn
defect in packaging
defect in design
24
Which of the following protects the functionality of a patent?
a utility patent
a fair use patent
a trade secret patent
a design patent
25
What function of law allows the US citizens to practice any religion of their choice?
maximizing individual freedoms
facilitating planning
faciliting orderly change
maintaining status quo
26
What is NOT an example of intellectual property?
copyright
trademark
royalty
patent
27
What is cross-examination?
inspection of evidence by the trier of facts
prospective jurors being questioned by the judge and lawyers
witnesses being questioned by the defendant's attorney
witnesses being questioned by the plaintiff's attorney
28
What is a threat of immediate harm or offensive contact?
libel
battery
assault
disparagement
29
T/F: Courts can apply a consumer expectation test to evaluate the adequacy of a product's design
True
False
30
What refers to an official notice that the US Supreme Court will review a case?
writ of certiorari
stare decisis
sua sponte review
en banc review
31
What is true about the state's police power?
police force of a state is controlled by federal police dept.
states are allowed to regulate army activities within their borders
states given authority to make laws & regulate conduct in their borders
police powers restrict states from regulating interstate commerce
32
How many justices are on the US Supreme Court?
Three
Six
Nine
Thirteen
33
T/F: The reasonable person standard is a test used to determine whether a tort is intentional or unintentional.
True
False
34
Which Article of the US Constitution created the US Supreme Court?
Article III
Article VII
Article I
Article V
35
T/F:
Stare decisis
means to adhere to precedent.
True
False
36
T/F: Deliberation is when jurors consider the evidence and attempt to reach a decision
False
True
37
What branch is responsible for making federal law?
president
executive branch
supreme court
legislative branch
38
What term refers to all mfg's, distributors, wholesalers, retailers, and parts mfg's involved in the transaction?
chain of distribution
chain of command
value chain
demand chain
39
What is considered an example of shaping moral standards, as seen as a function of the law?
laws providing rights to peaceful protest
laws granting freedom of speech and religion
laws preventing overthrow of a government
laws discouraging drug and alcohol abuse
40
T/F: A tie decision in the US Supreme Court sets precedent for later cases
False
True
41
What term refers to the oral testimony given by a party or witness prior to trial?
interrogatory
intervention
deposition
class action
42
What is true when there is a defect in the design of a product?
There was a failure to warn customers about the dangers of using product
A single item is defectively designed, and has potential to cause injury
All products are defectively designed and have potential to cause injury
There was a failure to provide adequate instruction on use of product
43
What is considered as the supreme law of the land in the US?
the Constitution of the USA
executive orders passed by the president
federal statutes passed by the US Congress
judicial decisions issued by the state courts
44
What statute was enacted by congress to protect trade secrets?
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act
the Economic Espionage Act
the Lanham Act
the Telecommunications Act
45
If all justices on the US Supreme Court agree to the outcome and reasoning used to decide a case, it is considered what?
plurality
tie
majority
unanimous
46
What type of intellectual property is protected by the Lanham Act?
copyright
trade secret
trademark
patent
47
What restricted a newly created US fed govt from levying and collecting taxes and regulating interstate & foreign trade?
Bill of Rights
Articles of Confederation
US Constitution
Declaration of Independence
48
T/F: The liability of mfg's for injuries caused by defective products is commonly referred to as product liability.
True
False
49
What form of government does the US operate with?
communism
federalism
socialism
monarchy
50
What is described as the science or philosophy of the law?
justice
ethics
jurisprudence
morality
51
What is true about a plurality decision of the Supreme Court?
It affirms the decision of the lower court
It causes a case to be reviewed again at a later date
It settles a case and sets precedent for later cases
It settles a case but does not set precedent
52
T/F: Laws should not attempt to shape society's moral standards
True
False
53
What function of law is being served when passing laws to protect the U.S. govt. from the risk of forceful overthrow?
facilitating orderly change
promoting social justice
shaping moral standards
maintaining status quo
54
The obligation people owe each other not to cause any unreasonable harm or risk of harm is know as what?
good samaritan law
libel
res ipsa loquitur
the duty of care
55
The first 10 amendments to the US Constitution are called what?
Bill of Rights
Articles of Confederation
Privileges and Immunities Clause
Due Process Clause
56
The geographical area served by each US court of appeals is referred to as what?
range
circuit
district
county
57
In litigation, the party who files a complaint is called _____.
prosecutor
plaintiff
defendant
bailiff
58
Law is described as ________.
rules of action/conduct prescribed by controlling authority w/ legal force
system that builds and organizes knowledge w/ testable explanations
study of fundamental problems
group of hypotheses employed to explain a phenomenon
59
Which doctrine says a person is liable for harm that is the foreseeable consequence of his/her actions?
unintentional tort
the tort of outrage
disparagement
the tort of misappropriation
60
T/F: In small claims courts, the parties must be represented by a lawyer.
False
True
61
T/F: Legal precedent is a key feature of the Historical School of jurisprudence
True
False
62
What doctrine says a plaintiff who is partially at fault for their own injury cannot recover from a negligent defendant?
comparative fault
assumption of risk
comparative negligence
contributory negligence
63
T/F: A tort can be considered an assault without any actual physical contact.
True
False
64
What doctrine raises the presumption of negligence & switches the burden of proof to the defendant?
proximate cause
comparative negligence
negligence per se
res ipsa loquitur
65
T/F: In Federalism, the federal government and the state governments share powers.
False
True
66
What is a majority decision in the US Supreme Court?
Equal number of judges vote for and against
All judges agree to outcome and reasoning
Majority of judges agree to the outcome but not the reasoning
Majority of justices agree to the outcome and reasoning
67
What function of the law is being served when passing laws that prohibit discrimination at work?
providing a basis for compromise
maintaining the status quo
keeping the peace
promoting social justice
68
T/F: The president is elected by popular vote.
False
True
69
What statue relieves medical professionals from liability of negligence when they stop and render aid in emergencies?
Good Samaritan Law
assumption of the risk
strict liability
res ipsa loquitur
70
T/F: Patents are considered as a part of intellectual property.
True
False
71
What court hears appeals from trial courts?
intermediate appellate court
highest state court
inferior trial court
court of record
72
Decisions of which court are final unless a question of law is involved that is appealable to the US Supreme Court.
highest state court
courts of records
court of appeals
general-jurisdiction trial courts
73
What does the Supremacy Clause of the Constitution establish?
President is the supreme and sovereign ruler of the US
Constitution, federal treaties, laws, & regs are the supreme law of land
Legislative branch is the supreme law-making authority
Judiciary is the supreme law-enforcing authority
74
What is direct examination?
prospective jurors being questioned by the judge or lawyers
inspection and verification of documents related to trial by the jurors
inspection and verification of documents related to a trial by the judge
witnesses being questioned by the plaintiff's attorney
75
What must be obeyed and followed by citizens subject to sanctions or legal consequences?
religion
philosophy
law
morality
76
What is a compact made between two or more nations?
amendment
statute
charter
treaty
77
What branch of govt. has the power to enforce the law?
commissary
judicial
legislative
executive
78
T/F: In deciding the motion for judgment on the pleadings, the judge also considers facts outside the pleadings.
False
True
79
T/F: Laws in the US do not evolve with changes in social norms
True
False
80
What clause prohibits the government from promoting one religion over another?
Privileges
Free Exercise
Due process
Establishment
81
T/F: The trademark symbol "TM" is used to indicate a registered mark.
False
True
82
T/F: The US Constitution limits the government's ability to restrict individual rights.
True
False
83
Statue of limitations establishes what?
amount of time a motion for judgment on pleading can be made by either side
time period when a plaintiff must bring a lawsuit against a defendant
how long a defendant has to file a written answer against a complaint
time when a defendant can file a cross-complaint
84
Mike shot at Gary, but accidentally hit Stella with the bullet. Which can Stella use to recover damages from Mike?
assumption of risk
transferred intent doctrine
contributory negligence doctrine
comparative negligence doctrine
85
What refers to the authority of a court to hear a case because of jurisdiction over the property of the lawsuit?
private
in rem
en personam
quasi in rem
86
If Feds are not regulating an area of interstate commerce that they have power over what clause comes into effect?
Dormant Commerce
Due Process
Privileges and Immunities
Free exercise
87
What refers to a court's jurisdiction over the parties to a lawsuit?
in rem
in personam
sua sponte
quasi in rem
88
Which of the following is suitable for copyrighting?
product logos
business methods
musical compositions
buildings
89
Intellectual property falls into a category of property known as what?
intangible property
real property
tangible property
physical property
90
Which of the following torts constitutes battery?
stealing a person's wallet
blackmailing a person
threatening to shoot a person
poisoning a person's drink
91
What provides that federal law takes precedence over state or local law?
executive branch
free exercise clause
preemption doctrine
due process clause
92
T/F: The Indian Gaming Regulatory Act sets the terms of casino gambling on tribal land.
False
True
93
T/F: Philosophers of the Natural Law School of jurisprudence emphasize a moral theory of law.
False
True
94
A written law enacted by the legislative branch that establishes certain courses of conduct to which parties must adhere
statute
executive order
charter
treaty
95
Casual sales and transactions are covered under the strict liability doctrine.
False
True
96
T/F: No new evidence or testimony is heard in the state supreme courts
True
False
97
Intentional misrepresentation occurs when a seller or lessor
conceals a defect in a product
fails to assemble a product carefully
shows negligence in product design
fails to warn customers about the dangerousness of a product
98
What courts established by US Congress have limited jurisdiction?
special federal courts
state appeals courts
state supreme courts
courts of records
99
What is a form of limited protected speech?
violent speech
dangerous speech
defamatory language
offensive speech
100
T/F: Negligence requires a defendant to be at fault for causing the plaintiff's injuries.
True
False