During harsh conditions what can rotifers do?

Produce a haploid male which can make eggs.

Hydra are hermaphroditic which means:

It has both male and female reproductive organs

What green algae chloroplast configuration is this?

Joined to the cell wall (Parietal)

Which three Cyano-algae have the highest pH, and as a produce toxic substances, and deplete O2 after death?

Anabaena, Microcystis, Aphanizomenon

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Food Webs and Trophic Levels

159 termsStudBud Administration76 plays

Explore the intricate relationships between organisms in a food web and test your knowledge on trophic levels

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Questions 159

Answers

1
Which crustacean has 2 shells that form a carapace.
Ostracoda
Isopoda
Anostraca
Decapoda
2
Which chlorophyta is responsible for turning toxic compounds into even more toxic compounds?
Charophyta
Chlamydomonas
Ankistrodesmus
Nitella
Desmids
Volvox
3
The size and weight of each specimen, base should be much larger than top.
Pyramid of energy
Pyramid of biomass
Food web
Pyramid of numbers
4
To wake up a tardigrade it must be activated by:
Temperature
Water
Oxygen
Day/night cycle
5
In food chains, the trophic role a species plays in a community is more important than the species itself.
True
False
6
The simplest form of sexual reproduction in algae is called?
Balls to the wall
Mitosis
Fission
Conjugation
7
Unionid mussels have laval life stage where they:
Attach to an organim
Not true
Burrow underground
Originally have a fish-like tail
8
When populations of cladocera are low, what meathod do they use to reproduce?
Sexual reproduction
None of the above
Pathenogenesis
Syngamy
9
Hair like structures surrounding the organism, that move in a pulsing fashion.
Conjugation tubes
Cilia
Flagella
Pseudopodia
10
The nucleus divides and cells separate into daughter cells, features that couldn't be split will be gerated overtime.
Microcysts
Microsis
Lymphocystic
Mitosis
11
Out of Mike, Fannie, and Annie, which one contains toxins that have similar effects to an overdose, and result in CA?
none of the above
Fannie (aphenizomenon)
Mike (microcystis)
Annie (anabaena)
12
During harsh conditions what can rotifers do?
Produce a haploid male which can make eggs.
Produce a cocoon for reproduction
Cryptobiosis
Produce an enzyme
13
The more trophic levels there are, means energy is transferred less efficiently.
False
True
14
To introduce a lower trophic level to the food web is called:
Fishing Down
Top Down management
NSCIN
Bottom Up management
15
Cyano-bacteria, or Blue Green Algae, can be toxic if enough is ingested.
True
False
16
Hydra are hermaphroditic which means:
It reproduces via cloning
It has both male and female reproductive organs
It is a greek god
It mates for life
17
What do Cyano-bacteria have that allows them to regulate depth, and take advantage of optimum water parameters.
Cyan pigmentation
Akinete
Heterocyst
Gas vesicles
18
Sponges grown their own amoeba to carry out basic processes for it.
False
True
19
What are the ways energy is lost in the food chain?
Digestion
Respiration
Heat production
Reproduction
Growth
All of the above
20
Chloroplasts evolved from cyano-bacteria that was engulfed by non-photosynthetic cells, only has a fraction of the genes
False
True
21
Meteorological conditions (rain, temp) are important for the release of algae from the natural environment.
True
False
22
Organims liked by feeding relationships, going in one direction is an example of:
Food web
Food chain
Ecospecies
Trophic cascade
23
Gastrotrichia have two types of eggs, thin-shelled and thick shelled.
False
True
24
Algae attatched to animals is reffered to as "epianimalitic".
True
False
25
The three trophic levels of the food web are, Producers, Consumers, and Decomposers.
True
False
26
What is the name of the habitat niche in water currents.
Plankton
Littoral
Benthic
Neustons
Psammon
Nektons
27
What is the name of the habitat niche in open water.
Psammon
Littoral
Neustons
Benthic
Plankton
Nektons
28
When a food chain is altered at a trophic level, it results in:
Trophic cascade
High energy transfers
Fishing down
Low energy transfers
29
The term "meta-" means...
Wandering
Adjacent to
Rock
Attatched to something
Plant
Growing around
30
Spongest draw water into its body through pores to feed itself.
True
False
31
Which name would mean "attatched to plants"?
Epilithic
Metaphytic
Episammic
Epiphytic
Planktonic
Peripsammic
32
The body of a tardigrade is a fluid-filled cavity that transfers oxygen across the skin.
True
False
33
The term "plankton" means...
Adjacent to
Growing around
Attatched to something
Plant
Wandering
Rock
34
The term "epi" means attatched to.
True
False
35
Which algae group is non-motile, and filamentous.
Chrysophyta
Chlorophyta
Euglena & Phacus
Charophyta
Dinoflagellates
36
Which chlorophyta is along side pandorina in being responsible for bad tasing water with and poor smell?
Desmids
Charophyta
Volvox
Chlamydomonas
Ankistrodesmus
Nitella
37
What are the rods inside a sponge made of?
Algae
Keratin
Detritus
Silica
38
The new economic approach to fish harvesting that starts at the top of the food chain, and harvest larger fish down is:
Trophic cascade
Fishing down
Top down management
Bottom up management
39
What is the name of the habitat niche within the spaces of grains of sand.
Psammon
Neustons
Plankton
Littoral
Nektons
Benthic
40
Feeding on dead, and dying biota, of producers and consumers.
Decomposer
Secondary consumer
Producer
Primary consumer
41
What green algae chloroplast configuration is this?
None of the above
Joined to the cell wall (Parietal)
Star-like, paintballs splat, along central axis (axial)
Ribbon found in the center of cell (axial)
42
What term means sand?
-psammic
-phytic
-lithic
Meta-
Epi-
Plankton
43
Takes into accoutn the energy in each food item. Some items may have the same mass but contain different energy amount.
Pyramid of biomass
Pyramid of pandorina
Pyramid of energy
Pyramid of numbers
44
Which three Cyano-algae have the highest pH, and as a produce toxic substances, and deplete O₂ after death?
Lyngbia
Anabaena
Microcystis
Ocillatoria
Gloeocapsa
Aphanizomenon
45
In the Lake Opeongo case study, there is low species diversity and fewer trophic levels, this means a low energy loss.
True
False
46
Cyano-bacteria have both plant and bacterial (heterocysts), characteristics.
False
True
47
Chlorophyta are the most primitive organisms that do sexual reproduction.
False
True
48
When to protozoans fuse together permanently to produce a fertilized cell, it is called:
Syngamy
Mitosis
Conjugation
Collaboration
49
What is the name of an organism that reproduces by cloning itself?
Duplicator
Parthinogenic
Doppleganger
Replicator
50
The adaptation of stress induced growth, is done by true algae when nitrate levels are low, what is this process called?
Hermes
Hormesis
Homogenious
Homeostasis
51
What is the name of the thick walled cell for food storage in Cyano-bacteria?
Heterocyst
Akinete
Keratin
Crop
52
What is an individual called who has both male and female sex cells in the same individual?
Monoecious
Biecious
Clones
Non-binary
53
Cyano-bacteria are often covered in mucilage sheathes.
True
False
54
Which name would mean "mixed with sand"?
Epiphytic
Periphytic
Episammic
Metaphytic
Peripsammic
Planktonic
55
Rotifers have a gizzard-like organ called a:
mastax
crop
akinete
shad
56
Feed on others. Two levels to this food web component.
Shredder
Decomposer
Consumer
Producer
57
Anostraca use what to collect food?
Leg movements
Claws
Sickle-shaped arms
Fan-like antennae
58
Cyano-bacteria have developed which adaptation?
Red-eye spot
Warm water cooling
Glowing flourescence when disturbed
Positive buoyancy
59
Cyano-bacteria are able to form large colonies that are able to change shape, to make it hard for predator consumption.
False
True
60
Which is NOT a nontypical source of nitrogen only available to Cyano-bacteria?
Atmosphere
Nitrogen granules stored in cells.
Water
Blue nitrogen rich pigment.
61
The body of a tardigrade is a hollow cavity with a groove for respiration.
True
False
62
What protozoa have false feet (pseudopoda)?
Amoeba
Rotifers
Tardigrades
Snails
63
What is the main method of reproduction in Jellyfish
Eggs
Polyps
Conjugation
Sexual reproduction
64
The term "peri" means...
Plant
Growing around
Rock
Wandering
Adjacent to
Attatched to something
65
A normal cyano-bacteria cell can transform into a heterocyst during periods of low NO₃
False
True
66
Cyano-bacteria only have chlorophyll, and are classified as plants.
True
False
67
What organism inhabits surface tension (neuston) habitat niche?
Daphnia
Springtails
Cladophora
Rotifers
68
What causes the green color in hydra?
Bacteria
Chlorophyll in hydra
Algae
Viruses
69
Amoeba act like a sponges blood stream, moving water and food within, and carrying waste away from each cell.
True
False
70
Different taxa, or groups, have the same trophic role or feeding level. What is the counterpart of Red-Bellied Dace?
Algae
Daphnia
Northern Pike
Phantom midge
71
What kind of chlorophyll does Cyano-bacteria produce?
Chlorophyll "ab-"
Chlorophyll "o"
Chlorophyll "a"
Chlorophyll "b"
72
The wider the base, the greater the stability at the top. A simple count at each level:
Pyramid of numbers
Pyramid of energy
Pyramid of biomass
NSCIN
73
What crustacean uses backward movements to avoid predators?
Crayfish
Isopods
Copepods
Sponges
74
How many legs does a tardigrade have?
4
8
16
6
75
A fish such as a pike is considered what in the food web?
Decomposer
Secondary consumer
Primary consumer
Producer
Shredder
76
What classification by habitat does a sponge belong to? (growing around a plant)
Epilithic
Perilithic
Periphytic
Metapsammic
77
Chlorophyta contain which chlorophyll?
Chlorophyll a and b
Chlorophyll b
Chlorophyll a
Chlorophyll o
78
Bluegreen algae have a nucleus, and are eukaryotic.
False
True
79
Rotifers attach to objects using:
A sticky foot
Crown of cilia
Byssal threads
Anol prolegs
80
Parasitic larval mussels are called:
Babies
Veliger
Mussilids
Glochidium
81
The wider the base of a pyramid, the greater the stability, and then the greater the number of top consumers.
False
True
82
What did the first forms of life rely on for energy?
Methane
Sulfate
Oxygen
Ammonia
83
Animal mass usually has ___ more energy per unit mass.
100%
90%
10%
20%
84
Bryozoans feed by trapping diatoms and algae using feeding tentacles called:
locomotion
l'autobus
A crown of cilia
lophophore
85
On average, how much energy is lost at each trophic feeding level?
95%
10%
50%
90%
86
A caddis fly larvae is considered what level in the food web?
Secondary consumer
Primary producer
Primary consumer
Autotroph
87
What habitat niche do rotifers occupy?
Benthic
Psammon
Nektons
Plankton
Littoral
Neustons
88
How many pairs of appendages do ostracoda have?
11
6
8
7
89
The term "epi-" means
Adjacent to
Growing around
Plant
Attatched to something
Wandering
Rock
90
What term means rock?
-psammic
Plankton
Meta-
Epi-
-phytic
-lithic
91
What unique development do adult unionid mussles have:
Siphon
Byssal threads
Lures, made from their mantle
Muscular foot
92
Cilia is another term for flagella
False
True
93
What sub-phylum of protozoa has a life cycle stage in the form of a spore, and is parasitic.
Proifera
Sessile
Sporozoa
Benthic
94
What is the name of the habitat niche on surface tension/film of water.
Psammon
Neustons
Benthic
Plankton
Nektons
Littoral
95
The higher up the food chain you go, the more efficient the transfer of energy becomes.
False
True
96
Tardigrades have a lobed brain, brain and partial nervous system.
False
True
97
The biomass at the bottom of the pyramid will be smaller than the amount at the top.
True
False
98
What advantage do invasive zebra and quagga mussels have over our native varieties?
C. Toxic chemicals
A and B
A. Fewer predators.
B. Large numbers
D. can survive in both types of water
B and D
99
Typicall tardigrades are diecious, which means they need a male and female to reproduce.
False
True
100
Which algae group is a heterotroph, has a flagella and a red eye spot?
Euglena & Phacus
Chlorophyta
Chrysophyta
Dinoflagellates
Charophyta
101
Anostraca eggs can survive freezing temps and drying out.
True
False
102
What term means plant?
-lithic
Plankton
-psammic
-phytic
103
Protozoa are unicellular and they have a nucleus.
True
False
104
The term "peri" means grows around.
False
True
105
What were the first forms of life?
Archeops
Anaerobic microbes
Aerobic gleotrichia
Euglena
106
Sponges contain both male and female organs, this is called:
Conjugation
Monoecious
Reproduction
Lonely
107
The term monoecious and hermaphroditic both mean that the organism has both male and female reproductive organs.
True
False
108
When two similar organism fuse to exchange genetic material and then break apart, this is reffered to as ___
Mitosis
Slam and scram
Conjugation
Shoot and scoot
109
Which name would mean free-floating algae?
Metaphytic
Periphytic
Planktonic
Peripsammic
110
Which chlorophyta biotransform toxic compounds?
Volvox
Ankistrodesmus
Chlamydomonas
Pandorina
Desmids
Charophyta
111
What industry used mussles in the 1800's before the collapse?
Button
Rings, and earrings
Fake-eyeballs
Electronics
112
Cladocera (daphnia) go through a seasonal change in head shape called:
Metamorphosis
Cyclomorphosis
Parthenogenesis
Chemomorphosis
113
How do flat worms overcome starvation?
Absorbtion of it's own body
Photosynthesis
Increases metabolism
Binary fission
114
Cladophora inhabits littoral areas.
True
False
115
What algae uses false feet (pseudopoda)?
Chrysophyta (golden algae)
Pyrrophyta (Dinoflagellates)
Amoeba
Charophyta (nitella and chary)
116
Rotifers have a chewing jaw.
False
True
117
Which are the three chloroplast shapes in chlorophyta?
Colonies
Undulating
Lobed
Single cells
Filamentous
Entire
118
What green algae chloroplast configuration is this?
Joined to the cell wall (Parietal)
None of the above
Star-like, paintballs splat, along central axis (axial)
Ribbon found in the center of cell (axial)
119
Which algae group forms from a collection of small cells into a large mass, that may appear chain-like?
Cyano-bacteria
Chlorophyta
Chrysophyta
Pyrrhophyta
120
Which chlorophyta flourish in acidic waters?
Charophyta
Ankistrodesmus
Volvox
Pandorina
Chlamydomonas
Desmids
121
What is the term for asexual reproduction performed by protozoa?
Balls to the wall
Conjugation
Mitosis
Fission
122
What is the name of the habitat niche on the water bottom, and sediments.
Nektons
Neustons
Plankton
Benthic
Littoral
Psammon
123
A lake containing Lake trout, that feed on 2000 daphnia a day, what does the fishery look like?
Plentiful with whales
Few lake trout, large size
Lots of lake trout, small size
One giant lake trout that the others follow
124
Which cyano-bacteria is an up-and-coming food product, and high in protein?
Spirulina
Aphanizomenon
Lyngbia
Microcystis
Ocillatoria
Gloeocapsa
125
Eukaryotic organism have a nucleus.
False
True
126
What is the larval form of a copepod called?
Nauplii
Babypoda
Copopii
Goongi
127
Cladocera (daphnia) may go through a physical change depending on water chemistry.
Chemomorphosis
Cyclomorphosis
Parthenogenesis
Metamorphosis
128
Out of Mike, Fannie, and Annie, which one contains toxins that cause hemorrhaging and death within 2 hours?
none of the above
Mike (microcystis)
Annie (anabaena)
Fannie (aphenizomenon)
129
To introduce a higher trophic level to the food web is called:
Top Down management
Bottom Up management
NSCIN
Fishing Down
130
Whic organisms are hermaphroditic, or contain both male and female reproductive organs?
All of the above
Sponges
Bryozoa
Gastrotrichia
Hydra
131
A sponge is unable to move, so how does it avoid predation?
Hardened keratin shell
Poisonous
Extreme regenerative abilities
Symbiotic relationship with godzilla
132
What green algae chloroplast configuration is this?
Star-like, paintballs splat, along central axis (axial)
None of the above
Joined to the cell wall (Parietal)
Ribbon found in the center of cell (axial)
133
What is the name of the habitat niche in shallow water areas.
Nektons
Neustons
Plankton
Benthic
Psammon
Littoral
134
Cyano-bacteria has nitrogen fixing capabilities due to it containing heterocyst cells.
True
False
135
A food web is a single food chain that contains many different species in an ecosystem.
False
True
136
How is energy lost in energy transfers up the food chain?
Head production
All of the above
Digestion
Respiration
137
Cyano-bacteria converts N₂from that atmosphere into NH₄ (ammonium) and ___
H2O (water)
NO3 (Nitrate)
O2 (Oxygen)
NH3 (Ammonia)
138
Which name would mean "attatched to rocks"?
Epiphytic
Epilithic
Planktonic
Metaphytic
Peripsammic
Episammic
139
Cyano-bacteria developed the ability to photosynthesise energy from the sun, water, and CO₂ and produce carbs and oxygen
False
True
140
How does Cyano-bacteria reproduce?
D, C and B
D. Breaking off, fragmentation
B. It doesnt; from the dawn of time, there has only been one pillar of life
C. Sexually
A and D
A. Cell division, through fission
141
What kind of niche do cladocera (waterfleas) and Copepods inhabit?
Planktonic
Phytic
Benthics
Psammic
142
Which green algae shape does not have any motile members?
Colonies
Filamentous
They all can be motile
Single cells
143
Which algae group is capable of producing bioluminescence
Chrysophyta
Euglena & Phacus
Charophyta
Dinoflagellates
Chlorophyta
144
What do bivalves use to attatch itself to substrate or burrow?
Muscular foot
Radula
Anol prolegs
Mastax
145
How do copepods reproduce?
Monoecious
Parthenogenesis
Syngamy
Spermatophores and swimming legs
146
Different organism taxa, serving the same role or feeding level, in different food chains, are reffered to as:
Apex predators
Twins
Ecospecies
Producers
147
Which organism has a digestive system, complete with a mouth, esophagus and pharynx?
Rotifers
Bryozoa
Gastrotrichia
Nematoda
148
A Northern Pike serves what role in a food chain?
Primary consumer
Primary producer
Decomposer
Secondary consumer
149
1000 algae = 2000 mayflies which = 3000 walleye
False
True
150
The introduction of Cisco to Lake Opeongo created a higher energy loss, but more efficient energy transfer.
True
False
151
Which is a motility in protozoa
Wings
Pseudopodia: false feet
Knuckle dragging
Anol prolegs
152
Algae attatched to animals is reffered to as "epizooic".
False
True
153
Longer hair like structure used by protozoans to move through the water:
Conjugation tubes
Cilia
Pseudopodia
Flagella
154
Without Cyano-bacteria, life as we know it would have been impossible.
False
True
155
The energy transferred is stored and used for:
Growth
Reproduction
All of the above
New cells
156
Zooplankton, AKA Copepods use what for movement?
Fins
Pseudopoda
Swimming legs and antennae
Anol prolegs
157
The base of all food webs, includes plants and autotrophs that photosynthesize and produce their own food.
Producers
Shredders
Consumers
Decomposers
158
Out of Mike, Fannie, and Annie, which one contains toxins that result in nervous system disorders and suffocation?
Mike (microcystis)
Fannie (aphenizomenon)
Annie (anabaena)
none of the above
159
Which algae group is an important food source for zooplankton, and has a cell wall made of glass (silica).
Dinoflagellates
Euglena & Phacus
Chrysophyta
Chlorophyta
Charophyta

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