Which best describes how ice cores are analyzed and interpreted by scientists?

Layers of ice at the bottom are older than layers at the top

What do earthquakes tell scientists about the history of the planet?

The continents are continually moving.

Which best explains the difference between an element and a compound?

Elements cannot be broken down, while compounds can be.

What happens to water molecules during the boiling process?

They move faster and farther apart as they absorb heat.

How does a balanced chemical equation satisfy the Law of Conservation of Mass?

The total amount of matter stays the same.

Why could the mass of the products be less than the mass of the reactants after a reaction?

Gases were released to the atmosphere.

Which would indicate that a series of fossil represent the evolution of the horse?

All of the fossils show similarity to modern horses.

What is the main source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean?

plants and algae that live near the surface.

Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?

increasing atomic number from left to right

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Hydrosphere, Chemistry, Geology and Evolution EOG Review

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NC 8th Grade Science EOG Review

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Questions 18

Answers

1
Which would best allow a species to survive environmental changes?
similar physical features
low mutation rate
genetic diversity
small population
2
Where is evidence most often found to represent a record of Earth's history?
rocks, fossils and ice cores
air, lava and fossils
water, air and rocks
lava, water and ice cores
3
Which will most likely result if there is increased upwelling in a coastal area?
less nutrients in the water
fewer nitrates
more aquatic life
higher water temperatures
4
Tigers and household cats are in the same family, but have different sizes. What is the cause?
behavioral makeup
habitat size
genetics
biochemical makeup
5
Which best describes how ice cores are analyzed and interpreted by scientists?
Layers of ice in a particular ice core are the same age.
Layers of ice in the middle are older than the top & bottom
Layers of ice at the bottom are older than layers at the top
Layers of ice at the top are older than layers at the bottom
6
What do earthquakes tell scientists about the history of the planet?
The continents are continually moving.
Dinosaurs became extinct about 65 mya.
The oceans are much deeper today than millions of years ago.
Earth's climate is constantly changing.
7
Scientists think dolphins & whales evolved from a common ancestor. What evidence supports this?
They live in the same area of the ocean.
They have similar anatomies.
They eat the same food.
They swim the same way.
8
Which best explains the difference between an element and a compound?
Elements cannot occur naturally, while compounds can.
Elements can be broken down while compounds cannot.
Elements cannot be broken down, while compounds can be.
Elements have specific properties, while compounds do not.
9
Which is the best example of a heterogeneous mixture?
brass
salad
salt water
sugar
10
In winter fur of the arctic fox is white. In summer the fur is reddish-brown. What's the cause?
the fox's genes
the fox's age
the fox's habitat
the amount of sunlight present
11
What happens to water molecules during the boiling process?
They move faster and remain close as they absorb heat.
They move faster and farther apart as they absorb heat.
They move more slowly but farther apart as they lose heat.
They move faster and farther apart as they lose heat.
12
How does a balanced chemical equation satisfy the Law of Conservation of Mass?
The total number of atoms increases.
Matter is destroyed.
The total amount of matter stays the same.
One or more new substances are formed.
13
What do transitional fossils best support?
Theory of Continental Drift
Law of Superposition
Theory of Biological Evolution
Theory of Geological Evolution
14
Why could the mass of the products be less than the mass of the reactants after a reaction?
Gases were released to the atmosphere.
A physical change occurred.
Atoms involved in the reaction lost mass.
Precipitates were created in the new solution.
15
Which would indicate that a series of fossil represent the evolution of the horse?
The fossils were located in the same place as the horse.
All of the fossils are identical to the horse bones.
All of the fossils show similarity to modern horses.
All of the fossils were found in the same layers of rocks.
16
What is the main source of dissolved oxygen in the ocean?
animals that live near the surface
plants and algae that live near the surface.
decay of living organisms
underwater earthquakes
17
Which statement best explains how periods on the periodic table are organized?
decreasing number of electrons from left to right
increasing number of neutrons from left to right
decreasing atomic mass from left to right
increasing atomic number from left to right
18
Which factors have the greatest effect on the health of a river system?
human consumption and pH
natural disasters and tidal changes
nitrate levels and turbidity
type of soil and salinity

Hydrosphere, Chemistry, Geology and Evolution EOG Review Flashcards | StudBud