What philosophy wants to find is...

An underlying reality in order to explain the universe of phenomena

"Hypokeimenon" means...

The foundation, the underlying reality

Cause, principle, rule, Source, foundation, origin

Anaximander's arché...

Is similar to the quantum sea of particle and anti-particle of the vacuum, Produces every determined reality with no consumption

Anaximander thought that Thales was right about the reduction of all phenomena to...

A physical "arché", but this explanatory source cannot be a finite thing

According to Aristotle, Cratylus...

argued that words cannot represent reality

Pluralism can explain well...

the birth, growth and death of things even if reality is still

Anaximenes maintained that the real arché...

Was infinite but not indefinite

Philosophy started in...

A Greek colony in Turkey, Miletus, an importan Ionic polis of the 6th century B.C.

Melissus wanted to amend Parmenides' thought, because...

It was impossible for the only being to be perfect

The reality of phenomena conceived as someting alive, "Kosmos", i.e. the rational and material reality we live in

According to Aristotle, the Milesians...

Wanted to know the "hypokeimenon" of the physical reality

Consider the propositions in the picture. What can you say about them?

They recall Anaximenes' philosophy of the physis

"Hylozoism" (hylé-zoon) means....

That the material reality is not inert, but alive

A possible solution to the problem of combining Elea and Ephesus together is...

to recognize that relaity is ruled by the "polemos"

Modern science agrees with ancient philosophy about...

The necessity of finding a rational explanation for everything

Heraclitus did not agree with Parmenides...

the reality as such does not change

Agrees with ancient philosophy that multiplicity and becoming need a cause, Is still working on the origin of the universe

Anaximenes tried to explain...

The transition from one state of matter into another, Why Thales and Anaximander were both right, to some extents

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Ancient Greek Philosophy: how everything started

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Greek philosophy (the fist rational investigations on the basic laws of the so-called "physis",the difference between "mythos" and "logos", the Milesians, few notions on Pythagoras).

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Questions 25

Answers

1
"Logos" means...
Word and reason
Reason and calculation
Fairytale and wonder
Wisdom and inquiry
2
Thales said that the principle of everything is...
Wine
Matter
Indefinite
Water
3
Consider this argument and pick the right conclusion
Empedocles is right or Pythagoras is wrong
Pythagoras is right
Anaximander is wrong
None of the previous options
4
What philosophy wants to find is...
An underlying reality in order to explain the universe of phenomena
A scientific evidence about the existence of the gods
The rules of reasoning that can prove our arguments right
The divine revelation that sweeps away the mystery of the world
5
"Hypokeimenon" means...
The foundation, the underlying reality
Abyss, primordial vacuum
The first explanation of something
Order, harmony
6
"Arché" means...
Divine origin, creation
Cause, principle, rule
Wonder and thus also acknowledge of one's own ignorance
Source, foundation, origin
7
Anaximander's arché...
Is similar to the quantum sea of particle and anti-particle of the vacuum
Is the empty space just like the mythological "chaos"
Produces every determined reality with no consumption
Can be compared to the components of modern atomic theory
8
Anaximander thought that Thales was right about the reduction of all phenomena to...
A physical "arché", but this explanatory source cannot be a finite thing
Water, but it was necessary to find another principle for the sky
One single underlying being, but this reality had to be spiritual
Triangles and proportions, but geometry cannot be the ultimate explanation
9
Broadly speaking, the term "philosophy" means...
Scientific narrative on the origin of the Universe
Reason and physics
Love for wisdom
Mythological description of phenomena
10
According to Aristotle, Cratylus...
said that you cannot talk because things are illusions
maintained that everything flows except language
argued that words cannot represent reality
suggested to think the world in terms of stillness
11
Pluralism can explain well...
life, because living beings imply a plurality of things
the birth, growth and death of things even if reality is still
the development of the universe as based on contradiction
the multiplicity of phenomena, since they are illusions
12
Anaximenes maintained that the real arché...
Could not turn into water
Was infinite but not indefinite
Was abstract but concrete
By getting finer, became fire
13
Philosophy started in...
A Greek colony in Turkey
Miletus, an importan Ionic polis of the 6th century B.C.
Italy
Athens and Ephesus
14
The "Big bounce" theory is consistent with...
Thales' philosophy
Hesiod's cosmogony
Anaximenes' thought
Anaximander's physics
15
Melissus wanted to amend Parmenides' thought, because...
It was absurd to maintain that being is and cannot not-be
It was impossible for the only being to be perfect
It was wrong to think the the being as such was just one
It is clear that nobedy can step twice into the same river
16
"Physis" means...
The reality of phenomena conceived as someting alive
"Kosmos", i.e. the rational and material reality we live in
Matter as the opposite of spirit
The whole material reality and its mechanical properties
17
According to Aristotle, the Milesians...
Wanted to know the "hypokeimenon" of the physical reality
Found a plurality of "archai" and so they were pluralist
Dealt with the mathematical models of the universe which are still valid
Were the firts philosophers because they they were very wise
18
The Pythagoreans are...
Philosophers but not astronomers
devoted to the infinite
Musicians but not mathematicians
Monists
19
Consider the propositions in the picture. What can you say about them?
They are absolutely false
They recall Anaximenes' philosophy of the physis
They mainly refer to Anaxagoras' philosophy
They seem in harmony with Thales' theory
20
"Hylozoism" (hylé-zoon) means....
That living beings are always material
That the "physis" is not the ultimate reality
That the material reality is not inert, but alive
That the world is just matter an mechanical laws
21
A possible solution to the problem of combining Elea and Ephesus together is...
to deny the plurality of things, and to emphasize that reality is one
to admit that the arché of everything must be infinite
to suppose that becoming is just illusion
to recognize that relaity is ruled by the "polemos"
22
Modern science agrees with ancient philosophy about...
Nothing, because science is empirical, not A PRIORI
The idea that the universe is a living organism
The importance of maths
The necessity of finding a rational explanation for everything
23
Heraclitus did not agree with Parmenides...
the reality as such does not change
that it is impossible to move from A to B
that people can realize the truth or be deceived
that real reality is just one
24
Modern science...
Agrees with ancient philosophy that multiplicity and becoming need a cause
Has nothing to do with philosophy
Deals with the universe as a living being (hylozoism)
Is still working on the origin of the universe
25
Anaximenes tried to explain...
The transition from one state of matter into another
Why Thales and Anaximander were both right, to some extents
The ideal reality beyond the physical one
The plurality of beings and their becoming

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