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Copy of 2024 Bio Study Guide
Copy of 2024 Bio Study Guide
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1
What is passive transport?
The movement of molecules using ATP energy
The movement of molecules from low to high concentration
The movement of molecules across the membrane without energy, high to low
The process of active transport
2
What molecules carry electrons in photosynthesis
NADPH and NADP⁺
ATP and NADP⁺
Glucose and Oxygen
NADPH and NADH
3
Lysosome
Produces energy (ATP), found in both plant and animal cells
Breaks down waste, found in animal cells
Makes ribosomes, found in both plant and animal cells
Transports materials, found in plant cells
4
Something that controls the growth or size of a population is:
A niche
A limiting factor
A predator
A mutation
5
Define herbivore:
An organism that decomposes organic material
An organism that eats both plants and animals
An organism that feeds on plants
An organism that feeds on other animals
6
What is osmosis?
The movement of molecules through the plasma membrane with energy
The movement of water into cells by active transport
the movement of water molecules from low to high concentration
7
What is exocytosis?
The process of cells releasing substances to the outside
The movement of molecules through a semipermeable membrane
The movement of molecules against their concentration gradient
The process of cells taking in large particles or liquids
8
During a controlled experiment, a scientist isolates and tests a _?
a conclusion.
a control group.
a mass of information.
a single variable.
9
What are lipids?
Organic compounds that are the main source of energy for cells.
Molecules that speed up chemical reactions in the body.
used for long term energy storage, insulation and making cell membranes
Large molecules that store genetic information.
10
What is alcoholic fermentation?
A process that occurs in mitochondria to produce ATP
A process that produces lactic acid in muscles
used by yeast and some bacteria to convert glucose into ethanol and CO2
A process that occurs in the presence of oxygen to break down glucose
11
What is the role of the Krebs cycle?
To produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation
To produce high-energy electron carriers for the electron transport chain
To produce oxygen for cellular respiration
To break down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate
12
What is a population?
A group of individuals of the same species living in the same area.
All the organisms in an ecosystem.
A group of different species living in the same area.
The physical environment where organisms live.
13
What is M
Plasma membrane
Golgi apparatus
Smooth ER
Rough ER
14
What is parasitism?
A relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed.
A relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected.
A relationship where both species are harmed.
A relationship where both species benefit.
15
Organic nitrogen is converted back to atmospheric nitrogen gas through the process of:
Ammonification
Denitrification
Nitrogen fixation
Nitrification
16
What is a concentration gradient?
The difference in the amount of energy between two areas
The equal distribution of molecules across a membrane
The process of molecules moving through active transport
The difference in the concentration of molecules between two areas
17
What is active transport?
The movement of molecules from high to low concentration without energy
The movement of molecules from low to high concentration using energy
The movement of molecules with the concentration gradient without energy
The movement of water molecules across a membrane
18
Why is phosphorus important to living organisms?
It is a key component of DNA, RNA, and ATP.
It helps organisms breathe.
It provides energy for metabolism.
It regulates body temperature.
19
How do density-dependent factors affect populations?
They have no impact on population growth.
They increase as population size decreases.
They have a greater effect as population size increases.
They limit population growth regardless of population size.
20
Define consumer:
An organism that decomposes organic material
An organism that uses sunlight to produce energy
An organism that feeds on other organisms
An organism that makes its own food
21
What is the defining feature of a tundra biome?
Warm temperatures and year-round rainfall.
Cold temperatures, permafrost, and low precipitation.
Hot temperatures and dry conditions.
Rich soil and dense forests.
22
What is exponential growth?
Growth that slows as resources become limited.
Growth that occurs only in small populations.
Growth that happens in a straight line.
Growth that occurs at a constant rate, accelerating over time.
23
Why is cellular respiration considered aerobic?
It produces oxygen as a byproduct
It requires oxygen to produce ATP
It occurs in both plants and animals
It takes place in the cytoplasm
24
What is the best solution to determine carbohydrates?
Benedict's solution
Iodine solution
Biuret solution
Lugol's solution
25
The primary function of the cell wall is to
help the cell move.
support and protect the cell.
store DNA.
direct the activities of the cell.
26
When the exponential phase of a logistic growth curve of a population ceases, the population:
Experiences no further changes in size.
Declines rapidly due to resource depletion.
Reaches its carrying capacity and growth slows down.
Continues to grow exponentially.
27
The process by which organisms keep everything inside their bodies within certain limits is called
Respiration
Homeostasis
Evolution
Metabolism
28
Without phosphorus, living beings cannot grow, reproduce, or move. This is because phosphorus
forms part of the structure of DNA and RNA.
provides structure to cell membranes.
all of the choices
is needed for energy transport in cells.
29
What are the three steps in cellular respiration?
Glycolysis, Calvin cycle, and Fermentation
Photosynthesis, Fermentation, and Glycolysis
Krebs cycle, Photosystem I, and Electron transport chain
Glycolysis, Krebs cycle, and Electron transport chain
30
Where does the electron transport chain occur?
In the nucleus
In the mitochondria's inner membrane
In the cytoplasm
In the chloroplast's thylakoid membrane
31
What type of organisms have the most energy in a trophic pyramid?
Primary consumers
Producers
Tertiary consumers
Secondary consumers
32
What is the polymer for proteins?
Polysaccharides
Peptides or polypeptides
Triglycerides
DNA and RNA
33
What describes a tropical rainforest biome
A cold environment with coniferous trees and long winters.
A hot, dry environment with sparse vegetation and little rainfall.
A cold, rocky environment with minimal plant life.
A warm, humid environment with high biodiversity and dense vegetation.
34
Why do populations of predator and prey often cycle?
redators and prey evolve at the same rate.
Prey evolve to outcompete predators.
Predators avoid areas with large prey populations.
As prey increase predators have more food equals an increase in predators
35
What is primary succession?
The regrowth of an ecosystem after a disturbance like fire.
new ecosystem in an area with no previous life, like after a volcano erupts
The competition between species in a stable ecosystem.
where new species gradually replace older species in an ecosystem.
36
What is biomass:
The energy transferred between trophic levels
The total energy stored in living organisms
The total number of organisms in an area
The total mass of living organisms in an area
37
What is G
microfillament
Golgi apparatus
ECM
Chromitine
38
What is commensalism?
A relationship where one species benefits and the other is unaffected.
A relationship where both species benefit.
A relationship where one species benefits and the other is harmed.
A relationship where both species are harmed.
39
Which of the following describes the steps of the scientific method?
Experiment, Data Collection, Hypothesis, Observation, Conclusion
Hypothesis, Observation, Experiment, Conclusion, Data Collection
Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment, Data Collection, Conclusion
Observation, Experiment, Conclusion, Data Collection, Hypothesis
40
What is endocytosis?
The movement of molecules down their concentration gradient
The movement of molecules through a semipermeable membrane
The process of cells taking in large particles or liquids
The process of cells releasing substances to the outside
41
How does carrying capacity limit population growth?
It prevents species from reproducing.
It increases the population size of a species.
the max population size a environment can support on available resources
It allows a population to grow indefinitely.
42
What are proteins used for?
Storing genetic information
Quick energy storage
providing structural support, and aiding in transport and communication
Forming cell membranes
43
what is D
Vesicles
centrosome
Smooth ER
Rough ER
44
What is the main product of cellular respiration?
Carbon dioxide
Glucose
Oxygen
ATP
45
Nitrogen fixation is carried out primarily by
Animals
Nitrogen-fixing bacteria
Fungi
Plants
46
An animal cell that is surrounded by fresh water will burst because the osmotic pressure causes
water to move out of the cell
solutes to move into the cell
water to move into the cell.
solutes to move out of the cell.
47
Not all cells are alike. Which of the following is NOT a true statement about differences between cells?
Most cells have a membrane, but some do not.
Some cells have a nucleus, but others do not.
Different kinds of cells are different sizes.
Cells come in many different shapes.
48
What role does a control group play in experiments. what is the control if your testing various insecticides on crops
It introduces a new variable; different insecticide concentrations
It provides a standard for comparison; plants with no insecticide
It manipulates conditions; plants with excessive sunlight
It controls the experiment’s outcome; different soil types
49
Label the microscope parts: 2
stage
body
base
arm
50
All of the following are problems that growth causes for cells EXCEPT
excess oxygen.
expelling wastes
more demands on DNA.
obtaining enough food.
51
Label the microscope parts: 3
condenser
Mechanical Stage
base
aperture
52
Label the microscope parts: 6
Objective lense
Stage clip
Coarse Focus
Fine adjustment
53
What does Hydrophilic mean?
Does not dissolve in water
Breaks down water
Attracted to water
Repels water
54
What process follows glycolysis in the absence of oxygen?
The Krebs cycle
Photosynthesis
Lactic acid fermentation or alcoholic fermentation
The electron transport chain
55
What is produced in the Calvin cycle?
NADPH and Oxygen
Glucose and Oxygen
Glucose
Oxygen and ATP
56
What is an organism's niche?
What is an organism's niche?
Its physical characteristics
Its food source
The role it plays in its ecosystem
57
Nucleolus
Contains genetic information, found in both plant and animal cells
Produces energy for the cell, found in both plant and animal cells
Makes ribosomes and RNA, found in both plant and animal cells
Transports materials within the cell, found in animal cells
58
Which sequence correctly traces the path of a protein in the cell?
ribosome, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum
ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus
endoplasmic reticulum, lysosome, Golgi apparatus
ribosome, endoplasmic reticulum, chloroplast
59
How much energy is transferred from one trophic level to the next?
1%
0.1%
10%
100%
60
Label the microscope parts:9
diaphragm
condenser
Nose piece
Stage clip
61
Where do the light-dependent reactions occur?
In the mitochondria
In the chloroplast stroma
In the cytoplasm
In the chloroplast thylakoid membranes
62
Which of the following statements about the nucleus is NOT true?
The nucleus is the site of protein assembly.
The nucleus is surrounded by a nuclear envelope, lets materials in and out.
The nucleus stores the coded instructions for making the cell's proteins.
The nucleus contains a nucleolus region where ribosome assembly begins.
63
Where do light-independent reactions take place
In the cytoplasm
In the chloroplasts' thylakoid membranes
In the mitochondria
In the chloroplasts' stroma
64
An interaction in which an animal feeds on plants is called:
Mutualism
Herbivory
Predation
Parasitism
65
How does the greenhouse effect support life?
It increases the amount of oxygen in the atmosphere.
It traps heat from the sun, keeping Earth warm enough to support life.
It filters harmful rays from the sun.
t decreases the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.
66
Nucleus
Contains genetic information, found in plant and animal cells
Supports and suspends organelles, found in both plant and animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Packages proteins for transport, found in animal cells
67
Label the microscope parts:8
condenser
diaphragm
Arm
Illuminator
68
Label the microscope parts: 1
objective lense
Eyepeice
body
Arm
69
what is N
centrosome
Vesicles
Lysosome
70
In the nitrogen cycle, bacteria that live on the roots of plants:
Decompose organic matter into nitrates.
Absorb nitrogen gas directly from the atmosphere.
Convert nitrogen gas into ammonia through nitrogen fixation.
Release nitrogen gas back into the atmosphere.
71
Why does available energy decrease at higher trophic levels?
Energy is lost as heat during metabolism and movement.
Energy is stored in decomposers and not passed to consumers.
Energy is used more efficiently by higher trophic levels.
Organisms at higher trophic levels eat less food.
72
The diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane is called
active transport.
osmotic pressure.
Osmosis.
Pinocytosis.
73
What is the monomer for proteins?
Nucleotides
Amino acids
Monosaccharides
Nucleic acids
74
What is homeostasis?
The process of growing and developing
The ability to maintain stable internal conditions
The way organisms obtain energy
The process of reproduction
75
Amino acid is to protein as
DNA is to RNA.
Simple sugar is to starch.
sugar is to fat.
fat is to lipid.
76
What is L
lysosome
centrosome
Nucleus
Ribosome
77
Vacuole
Makes ribosomes, found in both plant and animal cells
Transports materials, found in animal cells
Produces energy, found in both plant and animal cells
Stores water and nutrients and wastes, found in both plant and animal cells
78
What is facilitated diffusion?
The movement of water molecules across a membrane
The movement of molecules against the concentration gradient using energy
The move of molecules with the concentration gradient thru membrane protein
The movement of molecules without the use of any transport proteins
79
What is an ecosystem?
A community of organisms interacting with each other and their environment.
The process by which organisms adapt to their environment.
The physical space where organisms live.
A group of similar species living in the same area.
80
What happens to energy as it moves through an ecosystem?
It is completely recycled.
It decreases at higher trophic levels due to energy loss.
It increases at higher trophic levels.
It stays the same at all trophic levels.
81
What type of pyramid measures energy transfer?
Biomass pyramid
Pyramid of numbers
Population pyramid
Energy pyramid
82
What is lactic acid?
A protein produced during cellular respiration
A type of carbohydrate produced during photosynthesis
A byproduct of fermentation in muscles when oxygen is low
A type of fat used for energy storage
83
What are the reactants and products of photosynthesis
Reactants: Water and Oxygen, Products: Glucose and Carbon Dioxide
Reactants: Glucose and Oxygen, Products: Carbon Dioxide and Water
Reactants: Glucose and Oxygen, Products: Carbon Dioxide and ATP
Reactants: Water and Carbon Dioxide, Products: Glucose and Oxygen
84
Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of all living things?
response to the environment
ability to reproduce
ability to move
85
What type of cells does photosynthesis take place:
Only prokaryotic cells
Only plant cells
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells
Only animal cells
86
Define heterotroph:
An organism that makes its own food
An organism that feeds on other organisms
An organism that uses sunlight to produce energy
An organism that decomposes organic material
87
What is mutualism, and provide an example?
one species benefits and the other is unaffected: barnacles on whales
one species benefits and the other is harmed: parasitism.
A relationship where both species benefit example: bees pollinating flowers
both species are harmed: competition for resources.
88
Label the microscope parts:14
Nose piece
Nose piece
Arm
head
89
What role do plants play in the carbon cycle?
They store carbon in the soil for long periods.
They release carbon dioxide into the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
They absorb carbon dioxide from the atmosphere during photosynthesis.
They convert carbon into nitrogen.
90
Chromatin
Makes ribosomes, found in both plant and animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Transports materials within the cell, found in animal cells
Stores genetic material, helps cell division, found in plant/animal cells
91
What is secondary succession?
colonization in an area with no soil, like after a volcanic eruption.
regrowth of a ecosystem after a disturbance such as a forest fire
The establishment of an ecosystem in a barren area with no life.
The creation of new species in an ecosystem.
92
Label the microscope parts: 4
Fine adjustment
condenser
aperture
Illuminator
93
Centriole
Produces energy (ATP), found in both plant and animal cells
Stores water and nutrients, found in plant cells
Helps in cell division, found in animal cells
Packages and modifies proteins, found in both plant and animal cells
94
What is the process (equation) of photosynthesis
CO₂ + O₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + H₂O
CO₂ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂
C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP
H₂O + O₂ → CO₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆
95
Define detritivore:
An organism that makes its own food
An organism that feeds on plants
An organism that decomposes organic material
An organism that feeds on dead organic matter
96
What is the process (equation) of cellular respiration?
CO₂ + H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂
H₂O + O₂ → CO₂ + C₆H₁₂O₆
CO₂ + O₂ → C₆H₁₂O₆ + H₂O
C₆H₁₂O₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O + ATP
97
The work of scientists usually begins with
Data Analysis
Observations
Experimentation
Hypothesis
98
The lowest level of environmental complexity that includes living and nonliving factors is the
Ecosystem
Biome
Community
Population
99
Why do plants appear green
Because they produce green pigments only
Because they absorb green light for photosynthesis
Because they have chlorophyll in their roots
Because they reflect green light
100
what is C?
Golgi apparatus
ribosome
Rough ER
Smooth ER
101
What are the reactants and products of cellular respiration?
Reactants: Glucose and Water, Products: Oxygen and ATP
Reactants: Glucose and Oxygen, Products: Carbon Dioxide and Water
Reactants: Oxygen and ATP, Products: Glucose and Carbon Dioxide
Reactants: Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen, Products: Glucose and Water
102
Why is energy transfer between trophic levels inefficient?
Energy is lost as heat during metabolism and movement.
Energy is stored in plants and not passed to herbivores.
Organisms at higher trophic levels consume more energy than they need.
Consumers only feed on one type of organism.
103
What does it mean when a scientific hypothesis is revised?
The hypothesis is replaced with a new theory.
The hypothesis is modified based on new data or observations.
The hypothesis is rejected and discarded.
The hypothesis is proven to be true.
104
What is the monomer for nucleic acids?
Nucleotides
Amino acids
Fatty acids
Monosaccharides
105
What type of consumer eats both plants and animals?
Carnivore
Omnivore
Herbivore
Decomposer
106
How do animals obtain nitrogen?
By producing nitrogen through metabolism
By fixing nitrogen in their roots
By absorbing nitrogen gas from the atmosphere
By consuming plants or animals that contain nitrogen in their proteins
107
As resources in a population become less available, the population
reaches carrying capacity.
declines rapidly.
enters a phase of exponential growth.
increases slowly.
108
How do scientific theories compare to hypotheses?
Theories unify a broad range of observations and hypotheses.
Hypotheses combine the ideas of several theories to explain events.
Theories are the same as hypotheses.
Hypotheses are the dominant view among scientists.
109
Where does energy flow?
In a continuous loop within the producers
In cycles, from decomposers to producers
From producers to consumers and decomposers
In a straight line from producers to consumers
110
What type of cells does cellular respiration take place
Only animal cells
Only prokaryotic cells
Both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; mitochondria
Only plant cells
111
What is transpiration?
The absorption of carbon dioxide by plants.
The release of water vapor from plants into the atmosphere.
The movement of nutrients through plant cells.
The process of water moving through soil into plant roots.
112
What are the products of the light-dependent reactions?
Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide
Oxygen and ATP
Glucose and Oxygen
Glucose and NADPH
113
What role do legumes play in nitrogen fixation?
host nitrogen-fixing bacteria in root that convert nitrogen gas into amonia
They absorb nitrogen from the atmosphere and release it into the soil.
They prevent nitrogen from being absorbed by other plants.
They help break down nitrogen compounds into usable forms for plants.
114
Information gathered from observing a plant grow 3 cm over a two-week period is called:
Inference
Data
Variable
Hypothesis
115
Nuclear Membrane
Transports materials within the cell, found in animal cells
Protects and encloses the nucleus, found in both plant and animal cells
Supports and suspends organelles, found in both plant and animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
116
A model of the complex feeding interactions among organisms in a community from producers to decomposers is called a:
Trophic pyramid
Food web
Energy flow diagram
Food chain
117
cytoplasm
Packages proteins for transport, found in animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Stores genetic information, found in both plant and animal cells
Supports and suspends organelles, found in both plant and animal cells
118
When salt is dissolved in water, water is the
Solvent
Solution
Reactant
Solute
119
Cell membrane
Stores genetic information, found in animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Provides structure and support, found in plant cells
Regulates what enters and exits the cell, found in plant and animal cells
120
What is the polysaccharide for carbohydrates?
polysaccharide
Amino acids
DNA and RNA
Glucose
121
Why do muscles ache after exercise?
Due to the buildup of lactic acid during anaerobic fermentation
Due to a decrease in ATP production
Because muscles are using too much oxygen
Because muscles are growing larger
122
What is E
Nucleus membrane
Nucleolus
mitochondrion
Peroxisome
123
What are nucleic acids used for?
Acting as enzymes
Building cell membranes
Providing energy for cellular processes
Storing and transmitting genetic information
124
Label the microscope parts:15
Mechanical Stage
Nose piece
Eyepeice
head
125
Label the microscope parts:12
Objective lense
Coarse Focus
Eyepeice
Nose piece
126
Define producer:
An organism that decomposes organic material
An organism that feeds on plants
A organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
An organism that feeds on other animals
127
Label the microscope parts:7
base
Arm
head
aperture
128
What is the best solution to find proteins?
Sudan III
Biuret solution
Iodine solution
Benedict's solution
129
What is equilibrium?
When molecules stop moving across a membrane
When the concentration of molecules is higher on one side of the membrane
When there is no movement of molecules
When the concentration of molecules is the same on both sides of a membrane
130
What are pioneer species?
Species that cause the extinction of other species.
Species that depend on other species for survival.
Species that are the first to colonize a disturbed or barren environment.
Species that are the last to leave an ecosystem.
131
What is I
lysosome
Microtubule
Microvilli
Centrosome
132
Each of the following is a density-dependent limiting factor EXCEPT
disease.
Crowding.
Competition.
Temperature.
133
Define carnivore:
An organism that feeds on plants
An organism that feeds on other animals
An organism that decomposes organic material
An organism that eats both plants and animals
134
Cell Wall
rovides structure and protection, found in animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Stores genetic information, found in both plant and animal cells
Provides structure and protection, found in plant cells
135
Carbon cycles through the biosphere in all of the following processes EXCEPT
burning of fossil fuels.
Photosynthesis.
decomposition of plants and animals.
Transpiration.
136
Label the microscope parts: 5
Coarse Focus
Fine adjustment
condenser
Nose piece
137
Label the microscope parts:11
Stage clip
base
Coarse Focus
Mechanical Stage
138
Define autotroph:
An organism that feeds on plants
A organism that makes its own food through photosynthesis or chemosynthesis
An organism that feeds on other animals
An organism that decomposes organic material
139
A symbiotic relationship in which both species benefit is
Parasitism
Commensalism
Competition
Mutualism
140
What are the two phases/reactions of photosynthesis?
Krebs cycle and Citric acid cycle
Light-dependent reactions and Calvin cycle
Fermentation and Respiration
Glycolysis and Electron Transport Chain
141
What is an example of a density-independent factor?
Predation
Disease outbreaks
Natural disasters like hurricanes
Competition for food
142
An example of a human-caused disturbance is
Deforestation
A volcanic eruption
A drought
A forest fire caused by lightning
143
What organelle does cellular respiration take place in?
Chloroplast
Mitochondrion
Nucleus
Ribosome
144
Label the microscope parts:10
diaphragm
condenser
Fine adjustment
Eyepeice
145
What is a limiting factor?
A factor that prevents a population from growing indefinitely.
A factor that has no effect on population growth.
A factor that speeds up population growth.
A factor that increases the birth rate of a population.
146
What is an isotonic solution?
solution with a lower concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside
A solution where water moves out of the cell faster than it moves in
solution where the solute concentration equal inside and outside the cell
solution with a higher concentration of solute outside the cell than inside
147
Where is phosphorus primarily found?
In the Earth's crust, primarily in rocks and minerals
In the air as a gas
In the atmosphere
In oceans and lakes
148
What is diffusion?
The movement of molecules from lower concentration to higher concentration
The active transport of molecules through a membrane
The movement of molecules from higher concentration to lower concentration
The movement of water across a membrane
149
In a logistic growth curve, exponential growth is the phase in which the population:
Stabilizes and reaches carrying capacity.
Fluctuates in response to environmental changes.
Grows at a constant rate, rapidly increasing in size.
Decreases due to resource limitations.
150
What is the competitive exclusion principle?
Two species can occupy the same niche without competition.
Species will always share resources equally.
A species will outcompete and exclude the other species from the niche
Species will evolve to fill different niches.
151
Where does photosynthesis take place:
In the nucleus of plant cells
In the cytoplasm of prokaryotic cells
In the mitochondria of animal cells
In the chloroplasts of plant cells
152
Golgi Body
Stores genetic material, found in both plant and animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Makes ribosomes, found in both plant and animal cells
Packages and modifies proteins/lipids, found in both plant and animal cells
153
What is the monomer for carbohydrates?
Nucleotides
Monosaccharides
Fatty acids
Amino acids
154
Lipids do not have true monomers like other macromolecules, but they are typically composed of:
Nucleotides
. Amino acids
Monosaccharides
Glycerol and fatty acids
155
What is b
lysosome
flagellum
vesicles
ribosome
156
The simplest grouping of more than one kind of organism in the biosphere is
An ecosystem
A population
A community
A biome
157
What are carbohydrates used for?
Providing a quick source of energy and structural support
Storing genetic information
Building cell membranes
Long-term energy storage and insulation
158
What is the dependent variable if you’re testing various insecticides on plant crops?
Type of insecticide
Plant growth or health
Type of soil
Amount of sunlight
159
What is the purpose of constants in experiment and what are examples of constants if testing insecticides on plant crops
To allow variation; plant type, soil, and sunlight
To maximize results; different plant types and water levels
To ensure accuracy; same plant type, soil, sunlight, water
To create randomness; insecticide concentration, crop size
160
What type of consumer is a scavenger?
Carnivore
Omnivore
Herbivore
Decomposer
161
What is the difference between a scientific theory and a hypothesis?
A theory is an experiment; a hypothesis is data.
A theory is well supported by evidence, hypothesis is a testable prediction
A theory is a testable explanation; a hypothesis is a proven fact.
A theory is a guess; a hypothesis is a law.
162
How many ATP molecules are produced in total during cellular respiration?
2
100
36-38
18
163
What is the best solution to find lipids?
Biuret solution
Iodine solution
Sudan III
Benedict's solution
164
Where do light-dependent reactions take place?
In the cytoplasm
In the mitochondria
In the nucleus
In the chloroplasts' thylakoid membranes
165
How do most primary producers make their own food?
By breaking down dead organisms
Through cellular respiration
By consuming other organisms
Through photosynthesis
166
Mitochondria
Stores genetic information, found in both plant and animal cells
Transports proteins and lipids, found in both plant and animal cells
Produces energy (ATP), found in both plant and animal cells
Makes ribosomes, found in both plant and animal cells
167
What happens to the steps of cellular respiration when there is no oxygen?
Only glycolysis occurs, and fermentation takes place to produce ATP
The Krebs cycle continues, but the electron transport chain stops
ATP is no longer produced
Both glycolysis and the Krebs cycle stop completely
168
How is energy released from ATP?
By breaking the bond between the first and second phosphate groups
By combining ATP with glucose
By adding a phosphate group to ADP
By breaking the bond between the second and third phosphate groups
169
What is a hypertonic solution?
A solution where no water moves into or out of the cell
Solution with higher concentration of solutes outside the cell than inside
A solution with lower concentration of solutes outside the cell than insid
solution where the solute concentration, equal inside and outside the cell
170
Label the microscope parts:13
Objective lense
diaphragm
Fine adjustment
aperture
171
Which of the following is a biological aspect of an organism's niche?
composition of soil
amount of sunlight
the way it gets food
the water in the area
172
What molecules carry electrons?
NADH and FADH₂
Oxygen and Glucose
ATP and NADP⁺
Water and Carbon Dioxide
173
What are the limiting factors of photosynthesis
Light intensity, temperature, and carbon dioxide concentration
Oxygen levels, water availability, and nitrogen levels
Glucose levels, temperature, and water availability
Chlorophyll levels, carbon dioxide concentration, and glucose
174
what is J
ribosome
lysosome
Cell Wall
cell membrane
175
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Makes ribosomes, found in both plant and animal cells
Converts sunlight into energy, found in plant cells
Transports proteins and lipids, found in both plant and animal cells
Stores genetic information, found in both plant and animal cells
176
What are density-dependent factors?
Factors that affect a population's growth regardless of its size.
Factors that increase population size.
Factors that become more impactful as population density increases.
Factors that only affect small populations.
177
Which part of the water cycle is a biological process?
Transpiration
Precipitation
Condensation
Runoff
178
Based on your observations, you suggest that the presence of water could accelerate the growth of bread mold. This is
an experiment.
a hypothesis.
an analysis.
a conclusion.
179
What characteristic of living things explains why birds migrate south for the winter?
Reproduction
Response to environment
Growth and development
Metabolism
180
What is O
Nucleus
ribosome
Mitochondrion
vesicles
181
What is a scientific hypothesis?
A detailed experiment
A random guess
A proven fact
A testable explanation for observations
182
What is K
Microtubles
rough ER
Microvilli
Ribosome
183
Water lilies do not grow in desert sand because water availability to these plants in a desert is
a limiting factor.
the logistic growth curve.
the carrying capacity.
a competition factor.
184
Animals get the most of the nitrogen they need
By absorbing it through their skin.
By converting atmospheric nitrogen directly.
By consuming plants or other animals.
By breathing in nitrogen gas from the atmosphere.
