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Biology MCAS Review
Biology MCAS Review
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2018 Biology MCAS Prep Edited from Mr. Ehle's 2015 Version Framingham High School
Flashcards
50 cards
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Practice quiz
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Host live
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Questions
50
Answers
1
Which statement describes a way in which plant cells and animal cells are similar?
Both types of cells are autotrophic.
Both types of cells have cell walls.
Both types of cells are prokaryotic.
Both types of cells contain mitochondria.
2
Which carries nerve impulses from pressure receptors in the skin to the central nervous system?
sensory neuron
marrow
capillary
motor neuron
3
What blood vessel transports deoxygenated blood from the heart to lungs?
Aorta
Pulmonary Vein
Superior Vena Cava
Pulmonary Artery
4
Which of the following is the
best
example of natural selection?
The average toxin level of frogs increase due to predation
Population of giraffes increase due to immigration
Bone density in humans increase as a result of sports
Lifespan of a chimpanzee is extended 60 years in captivity
5
Which law/principle states that two alleles of a gene pair separate during gamete formation?
principle of dominance
law of independent assortment
principle of linkage
law of segregation
6
Some cells contain 1000s of mitochondria. These cells are likely to use large amounts of which?
DNA
ATP
Nitrogen
Carbon Dioxide
7
Which component of blood is directly responsible for transporting oxygen to body cells?
red blood cells
plasma
white blood cells
platelets
8
Sperm whales have vestigial hip bones. What best explains the presence of these structures?
Embryonic development takes a long time
These structures are acquired during their lifetime
Whales evolved from ancestors that walked on land
Whales are in the process of evolving into land animals
9
Green(G) peas are dominant over yellow(g). What cross will produce 100% yellow peas?
GG x gg
Gg x Gg
gg x gg
GG x GG
10
Which of the processes relies directly on the complementary base pairing of nucleotides?
pairing of chromosomes in meiosis
formation of peptide bonds
synthesis of ATP
replication of DNA
11
What type of evidence for evolution is shown?
vestigial structures
analogous structures
freaky structures
homologous structures
12
How do prokaryotic cells appear different from eukaryotic cells?
The prokaryotic cells do not have a nucleus
The prokaryotic cell has a less distinct shape
The prokaryotic cell has mitochondria
The prokaryotic cell is much larger
13
What is the primary role of photosynthesis in the carbon cycle?
releasing carbon to the oceans
transferring carbon from the soil to organisms
transferring carbon from producers to decomposers
removing carbon from the atmosphere
14
What is the function of a ribosome?
Synthesize Proteins
Breakdown Lipids
Remove Cell Waste
Store Energy
15
Which of the following characteristics
best
classifies organisms into their taxonomic level?
Method of reproduction
Eating habits
Gene sequence
Location of habitat
16
A mutation occurs in a individual but the individual’s phenotype does not change what happened?
Mutation caused a section of DNA to repeat
Mutation changed the amino acid sequence
Mutation affected the nucleotide sequence but not amino acid
Mutation deleted a section of DNA
17
Which of the following is the function of the Nucleus?
Release Usable Energy
Storing Genetic Material
Absorb Sunlight Energy
Producing Food Molecules
18
Whale fins and bat fins are anatomically similar, what does this suggest?
Whales and bats move in the same way
Whales and bats have existed for the same amount of time
Whales and bats have common ancestry
Whales and bats were once adapted for the same enviornment
19
Which of the following happens when a phosphate bond is broken in an ATP molecule?
Water is transported into the cell
Energy is Released
Lysosome contents are released into cell
Light energy is stored in plants
20
What type of selection leads to speciation?
catastrophic
disruptive
directional
stabilizing
21
In a strand of DNA, 30% of nitrogenous bases are T. What % of nitrogenous bases are C?
30
60
40
20
22
Where does an oxygen molecule go once inside the alveloi? and by what process does this occur?
Exhaled Out, Osmosis
Turns into CO2, Active Transport
Into the Heart, Facilitated Diffusion
Into the Capillaries, Diffusion
23
What allelic combos for blood produce Type A?
IAIA and IAi
IAIB and IAIA
IAIA and ii
IBIB and IAi
24
Which of the following elements are most abundant in peptidoglycan = cell wall of bacteria?
Aluminum and Sodium
Iron and Magnesium
Potassium and Iodine
Carbon and Hydrogen
25
Which of these is
not
a factor that must be present for Natural Selection to occur?
Variation of offspring
All organisms survive
Organisms with the best traits for that environment survive
Overproduction
26
Why do X-linked recessive traits (in humans) occur more frequently in males than in females?
Males take longer to develop to maturity
Males and females have different hormones
Traits are found only on the Y chromosomes
Males have one X chromosome, Females have 2 X chromosomes
27
The scientific name for the cougar is
Puma concolor
. Which organism is most closely related?
Corythaixoides concolor
Panthera tigris
Lynx rufus
Puma yagouaroundi
28
What is probability X
H
X
h
x X
H
Y will have baby with hemophilia?
25%
0%
50%
100%
29
Which of the following processes removes carbon from the atmosphere?
Cell Respiration
Transpiration
Photosynthesis
Nitrogen Fixation
30
How many chromosomes should be in a baby's cell? How many are contributed by each parent?
46, 23 and 23
92, 46 and 46
46, 46 and 46
23, 12 and 11
31
For the quickest source of energy, someone should eat food that contains the most?
Carbohydates
Lipids
Proteins
Nucleic Acids
32
Which of the following is most likely to change when an enzyme is added to a reaction?
The rate of reaction
The temperature
The products of the reaction
The pH
33
What would happen if producers were removed in an ecosystem?
The consumers would begin making energy for the food web
The remaining populations would increase
The food web would collapse over time
The food web would depend on decomposers for energy
34
A scientist is studying enzymes in prokaryotes. Which species could the scientist be studying?
Caenorhabditis elegans, a roundworm
Lycoperdon pyriforme, a fungus
Leucobryum glaucum, a moss
Bacillus subtilis, a bacterium
35
Which process is directly responsible for the formation of the bud on the hydra?
spore formation
osmosis
mitosis
cellular respiration
36
What is the most likely inheritance pattern for this pedigree?
autosomal dominant
x-linked recessive
autosomal recessive
x-linked dominant
37
A cross btwn a red flower
(RR)
and white flower
(WW)
make pink
(RW).
Name the inheritance pattern.
Incomplete Dominance
Multiple Alleles
Codominance
Polygenic Trait
38
How many cells are produced in meiosis? How many chromosomes does each daughter cell contain?
4 and 46
2 and 23
4 and 23
2 and 46
39
What organisms convert atmospheric nitrogen into a form that plants can use?
Nitrogen-Fixing Bacteria
Decomposers
Denitrifying Bacteria
Legumes
40
Thyroxine and Estrogen are hormones secreted by endocrine glands. What is the role of hormones?
Regulate bodily functions
Stimulate electiral nerve impulses
Remove toxins from body
Supply energy to cells
41
Where does food go when it leaves the stomach?
liver
small intestine
pharynx
large intestine
42
What phase of mitosis is shown here?
Cytokinesis
Anaphase
Metaphase
Interphase
43
Black hair(
B
) is dominant to brown(
b
). BB x Bb, What is probability of black-haired offspring?
75
25
100
0
44
Which of the following is an example of a mutation?
A strand of mRNA is produced from DNA.
A red blood cell loses its nucleus.
A zygote receives two X chromosomes.
A nucleotide is missing in a replicated DNA strand.
45
What happens in Transcription?
DNA produces RNA
DNA produces DNA
RNA produces Proteins
RNA produces DNA
46
Elk are herbivorous. What is their trophic level?
Secondary Consumer
Producer
Primary Consumer
Decomposer
47
What is the genetic material in the chromosomes of an animal’s cells?
RNA
ATP
DNA
JTP
48
What vocabulary term is used to describe the genotype Gg?
Heterozygous
Homozygous
Hemizygous
Hippizygous
49
In what 3 organs of the Digestive System does chemical digestion occur?
Mouth, Esophagus, Stomach
Mouth, Stomach, Small Intestine
Pancreas, Stomach, Large Intestine
Mouth, Esophagus, Large Intestine
50
Evolution by natural selection causes:
animals to produce more offspring than can survive
changes in the environment
the formation of fossils
changes in the allelic frequencies of a population
