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AP Statistics first semester Review
AP Statistics first semester Review
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This is my version of a practice midterm test for the best class ever, AP Stats. Happy learning:)
Flashcards
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Questions
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Answers
1
What is a random variable?
The randomness of an experiment
A number generated in a simulation
Value based on the outcome of a random event
The mean number of surveys ran in a simulation
2
A study where it starts now and goes into the future is called a
Retrospective study
Perspective study
3
A placebo is
A blind group
Something that was on greys anatomy
A fake treatment
A type of experiment
4
For questions that give you a percent and have you find an X , we use
Invnorm
Normal Model
5
When describing the data distribution of quantitative data, we use the acronym
DUFuS
SHOE
SOCS
NASA
6
What type of graph is this?
Segmented bar graph
Histogram
Bar chart
Pie chart
7
Describe the association.
Positive, Linear, Strong
No association whatsoever
Negative, Linear, Strong
Positive, curved, moderate
8
This is when you multiply 0.05n and subtract that number from the data to figure out New mean
5% data
5% trimmed mean
0.05 cut mean
0.05% trimmed mean
9
What is the equation for LinReg?
Y=X
Ax+By=C
y=a+bx
Y=mx+b
10
We use venn diagrams for
Finding z scores
Probability
Comparing AP classes
Statitics
11
Describe the shape of this distribution.
Bimodal
Unimodal and Symmetric
Skewed Right
unifrom
12
The 5 number summary is used for this type of graph.
Histogram
Bar graph
Box plot
Pie chart
13
The Normal Model is also known as the
The 68-95-99.7 Rule
The 25-50-75-100 Rule
Best model
Fundamental Theroem of Stats
14
SAT scores
Categorical
Quantitative
15
When data is skewed, the mean is pulled
Towards the graph
In the direction of the skew
And is increased
In the direction of the title
16
If you calculate a positive residual, the actual value was
More than the predicted value
Less than the predicted value
17
The closer our proportion gets to the hypothetical probability
Law of small numbers
Theorem of stats
Law of statistics
Law of large numbers
18
Formula for Figuring out midrange
Range-1/2
Min+max/range
1/2Range
Range^2
19
A ____study is where the data has already been collected and you study certain aspects.
Perspective
Retrospective
20
True or false. The picture is an example of the normal model.
False
True
21
Age groups
Categorical
Quantitative
22
____% of the variation in y can be explained by X. This is
Y in context
R^2 in context
X in context
R in context
23
If x and y are swapped,
R doesn't change
R flips
R changes
R may change
24
According to the model, ____ increases/decreases approx ____ by ____. This is
R in context
X in context
Slope in context
Y in context
25
Describe the association.
Positive, gap, very weak
Negative, curved, weak
Trumpet
No association whatsoever
26
The median is the
The center number when data is sorted
The monkey in the middle
Middle number
The average
27
The proportion of times the outcome would occur for a large number of repetitions is called
A simulation
An event
Independence
Probability
28
The word or in a probability question signifies
Division
Subtraction
Multiplication
Addition
29
The two types of data we studied are
Categorical and quantitative
Statistical and categorical
Research and analytical
Quantitative and qualitative
30
A simple random sample is
Really easy
Really simple
when you pick one person from each homogenous group
Everyone in a space that has the same chance of selection
31
The first bulls eye is on the 3rd arrow
Normal model
Binomial model
Stats model
Geomertic model
32
An effect is ____ _____ if it is too great to be caused by chance.
Quite significant
Systematically significant
Systematically wrong
Very significant
33
When re-exppressing data, you must run the ____ to check for a curve.
LinReg
Model
Simulation
Stats buttom
34
if I multiply each X by 100, add 12 to each y, and switch X and y, r
changes
decreases
stays the same
increases
35
In the LinReg equation, A stands for
Slope
R^2
Strength
Y-int
36
Data are not curved if a residual
Shows no form
Shows form
Shows a curve
Shows a circle
37
Which of the following is not a good way to sample a population?
Stratified
Cluster
Convience
Systematic
38
Another way to express y=a+bx is
y=bo+b1x
Bo+Bix
y=my+b
Y=mx+b
39
What is the interquartile range?
Q4-Q3
Q2-Q1
Q3-Q1
Q2-Q4
40
Which of the following is not a form of design?
Double blind
Completely Randomized
Matched pairs
Blocking
41
The word and in a probability question signifies
Addition
Division
Subtraction
Multiplication
42
Formula for finding a range.
Max-Min
Min-Max
Max/Min
Max+Min
43
Quadratic data has an r of
1
0.8
-1
0
44
When the sample need to be less than 10% of the population, it is called the
10% rule
10% model
10% condition
10% theorem
45
If a point is far left or far right from the mean, then it has
skewness
weight
leverage
height
46
For describing a association, we use the acronym
DUFS
SuFUD
CUSS
USA
47
Describe the shape of this distribution.
Bimodal and skewed.
Skewed left
Unimodal and symmetric
Uniform
48
If this point was removed from this association, would it increase or decrease?
Increase
Decrease
49
You can display categorical data on all of the following charts except
Pie chart
Bar graph
Contingency Table
Histogram
50
When questions ask if there is a relationship in the association, remember that
It is always true
Correlation means causation
Correlation does not mean causation
Correlation is independent
51
Lying is a type of
No response bias
Response bias
Cluster sample
Mean act
52
A and B have an r of 0.56. If A was less than the mean by 1.3 SDs, then B was _____ the mean
0.386 SDs above the mean
0.728 z scores below the mean
0.728 SDs below the mean
.0987 SD above the mean
53
Type of sample. Randomly select a department and survey all the people in it.
Stratified
Systematic
Cluster
SRS
54
How do you mathematically figure out if a point is an outlier or not?
If it looks weird it must be an outlier
Determine if it changes the slope of the data
Figure out the lower and upper fences
See if it looks unusual
55
Weight
Categorical
Quantitative
56
If a segmented bar chart shows notable differences of data, then it is
Even
Not independent
Unique
Independent
57
The experimental condition being imposed on the group is called the
Control group
Treatment
Level
Subjects
58
A type of study where no treatments are imposed and cannot show cause and effect are called
Retrospective Studies
Perspective Studies
experimental study
Observational studies
59
True or false. Categorical data does not make sense to calculate a mean.
False
True
60
true or false. You must control variables, randomize, and replicate an experiment to be valid.
True
False
61
A 5 number summary is used for a
Box plot
Histogram
Bar Graph
Pie chart
62
Which is correct?
Both+Given
Both|Given
Both-Given/Both
Given|Both
63
What is a residual?
The difference b/t the observed y value+predicted y value
A plot that shiws a curve or no curve
A plot
A number indicating how many SD you are from the mean
64
Things that cannot happen at the same time are
Mutually inclusive
Mutually exclusive
Variance
Independence
65
You ask people if they are right handed until you get a left handed. This is a
Geometric model
Normal model
Algebraic model
binomial model
66
A type of bias that only people that feel strong respond is called a
Voluntary response bias
Response bias
Under coverage
No response bias
67
What is the term for the most common number?
Midrange
Mode
Median
Standard Deviation
68
All of the following are ways you can rexpress data except
1/y
Log y
Log X, log y
x^1/2
69
This reduces variation and splits the subjects into homogenous groups.
Blocking
Randomizing
Blinding
Matching
70
The group where no treatment is applied is called the
Uncontrolled group
Good group
Control group
Homogenous group
71
Any point that doesn't fit with the rest is called an
Outlier
Genius
Gap
Influential
72
Are a snow day and the number of car crashes that day positively or negatively associated?
Positive
Negative
73
The binomial model tells you
Number of people
The two models
Percents
Probabilities
74
If you calculate a negative residual, that means that the actual value was
Less than the predicted value
More than the predicted value
75
Making a prediction outside of the data given means you are
Hypothesizing
Exploring
Extrapolating
Inferring
76
___blinding is when the subject does not know what group they belong to or what the study is on
Some
Double
Single
Triple
77
What results from samples that do not represent the population?
People are upset they were left out
Inaccurate numbers
Bias
Under coverage
78
All of the following are types of graphs used to display quantitative data except
Histogram
Pictogram
Stem and Leaf
Timeplot
79
All of the following are types of quantitative data except
Distance
Zip codes
Height
Weight
80
All of the following are stated in the Bernoulli trials except
10% rule
Only 2 outcomes
Trials are independent
Probability of success doesn't change
81
What does SOCS stand for?
Shape, outlier, center, spread
Center, unique, spread, skewed
Centroid, unusual, shape, spread
Center, shape, spread
82
In the LinReg equation, what does B stand for?
y int
Strength
slope
X int
83
A tree diagram is used for
Simulations
Finding z scores
Designing experiments
Calculating probabilities
84
A z-score is
How far you are from A
How far you are from the mean
Your IQ score
How many standard deviations from the mean a value is
85
This association has a r of
-1
1
0.3
0
86
A parameter is
A unit of stats
The distance around a shape.
A number calculated from a population.
A number calculated from a sample.
87
What does DUFS stand for ?
Direction, unusual, form, scatter/strength
Direction, Unusual, Formality, Strength
Distance, Unusual, Form, Scatter
Direction, Unique, Form, Scatter
88
T/F: Experimental deisgn, principles,treatment, blinding, +response variable are needed 4 expe
False
True
89
Describe the association.
Negative, curved, moderate
Negative, curved, weak
Positive, curved, moderate
Positive, curved, strong
90
An attempt to try to get everyone in the population is called a
Representative sample
Experiment
Approval
Census
91
If a ___ ____ is done correctly, it can determine cause and effect.
Stats simulation
Response bias
Stats study
Experimental design
92
A sampling scheme that combines several sampling methods
Simulation
A process
Multistage
Multi processed
93
Being an _____ point means that it affects the slope
Noninfluential
Unique
Influential
Unusual
94
An example of a systematic sample would be asking
Everyone in one group
Every 10th person
Everyone you like
Everyone in your school system
95
When running a simulation, you should _____ it several times.
Invent
Try
Create
Repeat
96
The association in this picture has a r of
-1
0.3
0
1
97
Describe the association.
Positive, Quadratic, Strong
Negative, gap, quadratic moderate
Negative, outlier, linear, moderate
Positive, trumpet, weak
98
Phone numbers
Quantitative
Categorical
99
For questions that ask for a percent to be calculated, we use
Invnorm
Normalcdf
