EQM 38, FAM 36 & 37

This surgical procedure is not treatment for a breeding animal and usually repairs urethral ruptures.

WOTF can be used to decrease urethral spasm in small ruminants?

WOTF is influenced by trimming for horses?

How can we modify the urinary tract design in small ruminants to prevent uroliths?

What are the most ideal sedative medications to use on small ruminants when doing a urethral process amputation?

With FAMACHA, you always treat an animal with bottle jaw.

Which strains do sheep and goats get from Johne's Disease?

This stage of equine laminitis will start to have a rotation of P3.

No treatment is available for Johne's Disease.

What findings will you seen on an ultrasound that confirms a small ruminant has urolithiasis?

At rest, horse shifts weight b/t forelimbs; horse is sound @ walk; gait is stilted @ trot and when turning.

5 y/o sheep presents w/ weight loss despite a normal appetite. You notice the development of bottle jaw. Dx?

Which image represents a horse with sinking laminitis?

This stone is known as "gold beads" and is difficult to treat.

Clostridium perfringens type ___ is most common in the US.

When interpreting a venogram of a horse, how should the contrast be distributed in the vessels of the hoof?

It is recommended to vaccinate SR at 6 weeks of age & keep carb levels consistent to prevent enterotoxemia.

Which structure of the equine hoof is a significant prognostic indicator in acute stages of laminitis?

Females are more vulnerable to developing urolithiasis in small ruminants.

When treating a horse w/ laminitis, which medication can cause colic and excitation at high doses?

It is highly recomended to give antibiotics when treating E. coli in small ruminants.

This surgical procedure in SR provides a permanent outlet for urine to be released. Similar to a tube cystotomy.

How can we diagnose E. coli in small ruminants?

Gait is stilted @ walk and the horse turns w/ difficulty, but one forelimb can be lifted.

What treatment protcol do you want to follow for kids that are clinically affected by coccidiosis?

How can we support the bony column when treating a horse with laminitis?

What is the most important thing to keep in mind when treating a horse with acute laminitis?

What is the blue line measuring on the hoof of this horse? What is the normal length for this structure?

WOTF is true regarding cryotherapy for a horse with laminitis?

2 month old kid was recently weaned & is anorexic, dehydrated, and has diarrhea w/ constant straining. Dx?

WOTF medications can be used as a CRI to provide analgesia to a horse w/ laminitis?

This form of enterotoxemia causes rapid onset of abdominal pain, severe depression, diarrhea, and neurologic signs.

WOTF is a risk factor for the development of calcium carbonate stones in large animals?

Pair the correct virulence factors of E. coli with their appropriate clinical signs.

This stage of equine laminitis has heat in hoof, increased digital pulse, lameness & founder stance, & no rotation.

WOTF has a higher prognosis for a tube cystotomy?

This surgical procedure is ideal for bucks & rams. Success is 65-80%. It creates urinary diversion & lowers inflammation

When would you consider doing a hoof wall resection for a horse with chronic laminitis?

Horse is reluctant to walk, and one forelimb can only by lifted w/ great difficulty.

How can we increase urine volume in small ruminants to prevent uroliths?

Which medication is used in treating horses w/ neuropathic pain and has to be used in conjunction w/ other meds?

WOTF is an advantage of a tube cystotomy in small ruminants?

This is the most important small ruminant GI parasite in the US. It causes anemia, bottle jaw, & chronic weight loss.

This dz is not as well known in goats & causes more severe damage to the villus than rotavirus.

How can we prevent and control the development of coccidiosis in small ruminants?

WOTF medications can cause polio in goats at high doses when treating for coccidiosis?

This stone is normal in urine, found in some plants, & low solubility may be partial component.

This stone comes in multiple calculi and is found in high concentrate, low roughage diets.

Mare is presents w/ founder stance, reluctant to move, & walks heel to toe. How would you describe these clinical signs?

Answer the question below.

3 day old lamb presents with diarrhea, dehydration, & is depressed. This dz infects the villus tips of small intestine.

8 y/o gelding presents with lameness & you see P3 coming out of the foot. How would you describe these clinical signs?

Which electrolyte disturbances correlate appropriately with urolothiasis?

WOTF is recommended as a therapeutic option when treating a horse w/ laminitis that has insulin resistance?

We can decrease the matrix component in small ruminants by feeding forage over concentrate & giving mineral supplements

How can we prevent the development of uroliths in small ruminants?

When performing a lumbosacral epidural on a small ruminant, beware of lidocaine toxicity.

This stage of equine laminitis will have a clear rotation of P3 and reduction in pain as inflammation resolves.

This form of enterotoxemia is similar to peracute, but less severe.

WOTF is a sequelae to urethral rupture of small ruminants?

Describe the pathogenesis of urolithiasis in large animals.

Whis stone is found in sheep, resides in the grasses of western North America & Canada, and rations w/ high Ca:P ratios.

WOTF diseases are zoontotic in small ruminants?

Medical treatment can be initiated in small ruminants w/ urolithiasis if not completely obstructed.

WOTF organisms of small ruminants infect the abomasum?

Which group of rotavirus commonly infects lambs and kids?

WOTF is an advantage of performing a bladder marsupialization in small ruminants?

The goal of instilling acidifying agents in a small ruminant w/ urolithiasis is to break down the crystals and stones.

This dz is caused by eimeria spp & has a life cycle of 21-28 days. Has sexual & asexual stages allowing for re-infection

Which stones are more likely to pass with conservative treatments in SR? Which stones require surgery?

WOTF is true when using a percutaneous urinary catheter on a small ruminant w/ urolithiasis?

What radiographic findings in the hoof of this horse is indicative of a grave prognosis?

What is the #1 reason for anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants?

The horse will only move if forced to.

This stage of laminitis in horses has no clinical signs.

This form of enterotoxemia causes diarrhea and weight loss.

3 day old kid presents w/ diarrhea, acidosis, & dehydration. You hear a splash in the abomasum on auscultation. Dx?

WOTF is a type of shoe that is used to support a horse with chronic laminitis?

How can we prevent salmonella from occurring in small ruminants?

WOTF is true regarding Salmonella in small ruminants?

What is the yellow line measuring on the hoof of this horse? What is the normal length for this structure?

Describe the prevalence of urolithiasis in large animals.

WOTF is a urine acidifying agent that can be used in small ruminants?

This is known as pizzle rot & is caused by corynebacterium renale. Clinicals signs include ulcers & swollen prepuce. Dx?

What is the significance in performing a venograph on a horse with laminitis?

What is the significance of the circled area in the venogram of this equine hoof?

When would you treat a SR with haemonchus when it has a FAMACHA score of 3?

What is the only effective visual method to assess for Haemonchus in small ruminants, but it cannot be used by itself?

When placing corrective shoeing on a horse w/ chronic laminitis, we want ___ toe to ease breakover & reduce pull of DDFT

How is Johne's Disease transmitted in small ruminants?