Chemistry Test 12

What is the pH of 1 x 10⁻³ M solution HCl?

The type of substance that consists of two or more elements chemically combined is a compound

What is the semiconductor most commonly used to make computer chips?

sodium or potassium salts of fatty acids

the position and momentum of small particles such as electrons cannot be precisely measured simultaneously

the entropy of the universe is always increasing

an atom that gains electrons in a chemical reaction is said to undergo _____

What is the most abundant element in the universe

Plastic and other materials made from small molecules that nave been linked together to form larger molecules = polymers

ionic compounds composed of any cation except H⁺ and any anion except OH⁻ are called salts

More compounds are formed from _____ than from all other elements combined

the name of MgSo₄Magnesium sulfate

What group of lipids includes cholesterol, bile salts, and vitamin D?

Nuclear radiation that consists of high-speed electrons is called _____ radiation.

The precious metal, more expensive than gold, that is commonly used in industrial and automotive catalysts

a substance that produces hydroxide ions when dissolved in water

A chemical bond characterized by the sharing of one or more electron pairs between two atoms in a molecule is called a

If the forward and reverse reaction of a reversible chemical reaction are proceeding at the same rate, then the system

A substance that dissociates or ionizes in water to produce ions that can conduct an electric current is a electrolyte

The process of oxidation in an electrochemical cell always occurs at the _____

An important 6-carbon sugar found in both animals and plants is _____

DNA and RNA are polymers of _____

What is the oxidation number of carbon in the iron ore siderite (FeCO₃)?

A triglyceride is a(n) fat molecule

A mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended and do not settle out over timed

biological polymers composed of long chains of sugars are called polysaccharides

the complex mixture of liquid hydrocarbons found in the earth's crust is called aromatic hydrocarbons

Which law relates the volume, pressure, temperature, and number of moles of a gas?

Citric acid, acetic acid, and lactic acid are examples of carboxylic acids

the reaction HNO₃(aq) + NaOH(aq)→H₂O(l) +NaNo₃(aq) is a _____ reaction

the outermost electrons in an atom, which are involved in chemical bonding, are called the atom's _____ electrons.

A list of metals arranged by their relative ease of oxidation is an chemical series

Nylon is a common name for a group of polymer

As a rule of thumb, the rate of a given chemical reaction doubles when the temperature is increased by _____

rubbery polymers made from silicon-oxygen chains rather than carbon chains

Chemical reactions and physical changes that release heat to their surroundings

What element is ozone a form of?

compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of atoms

The elements lithium, sodium, potassium, and cesium gelong to the group of elements known as the _____ metals.

Hydrocarbons containing one or more double bonds usually have names ending in -ene

a distance of 3.2 km is equal to ____ m.

Electrons that circulate freely throughout a molecule instead of being bound to a single or pair of atoms are said to be

the study of chemical compounds containing carbon is chemical kinetics

Protein molecules consist of long chains of smaller molecules are called amino acids

Name the following compound.CH₃CH₂CH₂CH₂CH₃

An atom of a particular element is distinguished from atoms of other elements by the number of _____ in the nucleus.

Compounds that contain this functional group and can be thought of as derived from ammonia are called amines

A nuclear reaction in which a single large nucleus splits into two smaller nuclei

substituted hydrocarbons containing one or more hydroxyl groups (₋OH) is amines

Individual "packets" or quanta of light are called photons

How many carbon atoms does the hydrocarbon 2-butene contain?

in a reversible reaction represented A+B⇌AB, how would adding more of substance A to the system affect the equilibrium

Elements with the largest atoms are located in the _____ region of the periodic table.

The concentration of a solution in terms of moles solute per liter of solution is known as its molarity

the reactions of alkanes and other hydrocarbons with oxygen to produce CO₂, H₂O, and heat reactions

hydrocarbons characterized by one or more triple bonds between carbon atoms

The study of the chemistry of living things is biochemistry

hydrocarbons consisting of rings containing delocalized electrons

alkanes and other organic compounds consisting of only hydrogen and carbon

sulfur is extracted from petroleum and natural gas using the ____ process

A mixture containing tiny clumps or particles that remain suspended and do not settle out over timed is a

Kinetic energy is energy associated with and object's motion

formula for phosphorus trichloride

the complex mixture of liquid hydrocarbons found in the earth's crust is aromatic hyddrocarbons

When a carboxylic acid reacts with an alcohol, an ester is formed

If a strip of blue litmus paper turns red when dipped into a solution, the pH must be

The amount of fissionable material at a given density required to sustain a chain reaction

The strong force responsible for unexpectedly high boiling points of water, ammonia, and hydrogen fluoride is the _____

protein catalysts found in living things

The shorter the half-life of a radioactive substance, the greater its activity.