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Duplicate of AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review
Duplicate of AP World History Modern- Unit 3 and 4 Review
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1
How did the Unit 4 European Empires MOST differ from earlier land-based empires of Units 1, 2, & 3?
Merchants were involved for the first time in these empires.
They were built by maritime conquest of regions oceans away
They were the first to transmit diseases between regions.
They were the first to try to culturally convert people.
2
What is the best explanation for the demographic trend you see in this chart?
Smallpox, measles, & malaria killed 90% of Mesoamerican peoples.
There were a large number of migrants from Iberia to Mesoamerica.
Mesoamerican chinampas were replaced with European field agriculture.
European guns & cannons killed many Mesoamericans.
3
All of these civilizations participated in Unit 2 Trans-Saharan trade. How did their trade
CHANGE
in 1450-1750?
They reduced their reliance on trade in favor of domestic production.
They captured slaves for Atlantic export in exchange for European goods.
They used slaves for domestic household and agricultural tasks.
They traded salt and gold north and east into the Mediterranean system.
4
SLAVES
forcibly taken to work on the plantations of the maritime empires came mostly from
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
The Caribbean & Brazil
5
China's process of charging European merchants in silver coins
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
6
"Yasak" or forcing Siberians to give furs to the Russian Empirewould be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Developed military professionals.
Created tribute collection systems
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated revenue through trade
7
Which of the following BEST describes the symbolism of this portrait of Mughal Emperor Jahangir?
It shows the growing power of the Empire, justified by religion.
It shows the scientific advances of the Mughal Empire.
It shows the economic dominance of the Indian Ocean Trade
It shows his devotion to Islam, the religion of Mughal rulers.
8
After its victory in conquering all of South Asia, what best describes the Mughal Empire?
It was mostly Muslim with a Hindu minority.
It was dominated by a new religion called Sikhism.
It had a small Muslim minority governing over a large Hindu majority.
It was split roughly 50-50 between Buddhists and Hindus.
9
The "trading posts" of European maritime empires were most similarly comparable to which Unit 2 trade network?
Trans-Saharan Trade Routes
Exchange in the Indian Ocean
Regional trade in the Americas
The Silk Road
10
These portraits of Emperors show how land-based imperial authorities used their__________ to legitimize their rule.
Economic powers
Cultural religious powers
Technological powers
Social powers
11
"Port factories" for foreign merchants in Tokugawa Japan
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Created tribute collection systems
Generated revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Developed military professionals.
12
Which transfer between hemispheres would have been
MOST
responsible for the demographic trend you see after 1500 C.E.?
Sugar, bananas, & coffee from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
Chilies, cacao, & tobacco from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Maize (corn), potatoes, & beans from Americas to Afro-Eurasia
Horses, cattle, & pigs from Afro-Eurasia to Americas
13
Which empire relocated their capital to Tabriz?
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
C) Safavid Empire
14
This is the Spanish silver mine Potosi (modern Bolivia) in
1590
; the workers are
Native American
. Which is true?
They were slaves forced to labor for the Spanish
They were completely and legally equal to the Spanish
They used this silver to freely trade for Spanish crops
They were free but were taxed by the Spanish
15
Which breakthrough of the Scientific Revolution most challenged traditional religious views?
The study of mathematics that led to ideas of probability, binomials, & -#s
The study of the anatomy of the human body
The study of astronomy & the place of the sun in the solar system
The study of mechanics that led to breakthroughs in machinery
16
Sunni Muslims ruling over a majority Hindu population. Were religiously tolerant until Emperor Aurangzeb.
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
B) Mughal Empire
C) Safavid Empire
17
So, labor was needed on plantations, much of it forced. Which type of coerced labor had been used by the Inca Empire?
Indentured Servitude
Chattel Slavery
Encomienda System
Mit'a
18
The Spanish discovered that they could get Asian luxury products in exchange for the
SILVER
they were mining in
The Caribbean & Brazil
West and Central Africa
South & Southeast Asia
Andean South America
19
What happened as a result of this transition in Chinese dynasties?
Japanese "Ming" warriors conquered all of China.
End of Mongol Empire led to takeover by classically Chinese dynasty.
The Korean "Ming" asserted their power & took over China
The Mongols changed their name from "Yuan" to "Ming".
20
What's the
MOST
likely reason this painting was commissioned (paid for) by Ottoman Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent?
To glorify Sunni Islam.
To explain Islamic science & technology.
To glorify Turkish values & rulership of the Sultan.
To export to Europe as a luxury product.
21
Located in Agra, India, this mausoleum was built for the tomb of Shah Jahan favorite wife Mumtaz.
Ming to Qing Empire
Safavid Empire
Mughal Empire
Ottoman Empire
22
Economically, what drove rivalries between the major states of Eurasia between 1450-1750?
The challenge to authority by local elites.
Conflict both within Christianity & between Christians with other faiths.
Disputes about the legitimacy of dynastic rule.
Competition over trade routes & resource rich territories around the world.
23
Which is an accurate definition of the Columbian Exchange?
The deal made between Portugal and Spain to divide world in half.
The exchange of new plants, animals, & diseases between hemispheres.
The agreement between Columbus & Spain to explore a route to India.
The tribute relations that existed between Indian Ocean trading nations.
24
BQ: Sikhism is a good example of a syncretic religion that developed in this time period. What religions were combined?
Hinduism and Islam
Christianity and Judaism
Islam and Confucianism
Hinduism and Buddhism
25
Context: The example of
Zheng He
before 1450 demonstrates that land empires like the Ming were increasingly
shutting themselves off from the rest of the world.
seeking to expand trade over the Silk Road
looking to create empires in the Americas.
projecting state power and encouraging overseas foreign trade.
26
All of the images below deal
MOSTLY
with which time period in European history?
The Enlightenment
The Scientific Revolution
The Artistic Renaissance
The Age of Exploration
27
For the Ottomans, "Devshirme" was a system that;
Killed people as sacrifices to their gods.
Forced all people in their empire to become Muslim.
Abolished slavery within the empire.
Took Christian children as tributes for the army or civil servants.
28
Guru Nanak founded the Sikh religion in which region? (Roll the Dice )!
Russia
Middle East
China
South Asia
29
What was a unique innovation of The Netherlands and England to unit 4 economics?
silver-backed currencies.
colonies in the Americas.
mercantilist joint-stock companies.
caravels using lateen sails.
30
Our Lady of Guadalupe (1746)
MOSTLY
reflects a syncretic blending of
Protestant and Catholic Christianity
Catholic Christianity and Native American culture
Christianity and Islam
Native American and African cultures
31
All of the following were parts of Martin Luther's arguments against the Catholic Church
EXCEPT
He argued that doing good works was more important than faith.
He argued the Bible should be translated to local languages.
He argued against the sale of indulgences.
He argued that all Catholic customs should be questioned.
32
Before 1450, this empire ruled the largest land-based empire in history & "set the stage" for most Eurasian Empires.
Roman Empire
Han Dynasty
Mongol Empire
Egyptian Empire
33
"The Janissaries" of the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
34
This image shows 6 years in the nearly 400 year Atlantic slave trade. What was
NOT
an effect of this trade?
Fossil fuel burning increased to power steam engines for labor.
The coerced labor of slaves on plantations enriched imperial economies.
Diseases spread because of the deplorable condition of slave ships.
African crops like okra, yams, & rice were diffused to the Americas.
35
The empire from Unit 3 that
MOST
threatened European culture & economy (trade), spurring Portugal to explore, was
the Mughals
the Ottomans
the Manchu Qing
the Safavids
36
The first voyages of BOTH Spain and England to the Americas were motivated MOST by a
missionary impulse to spread either Catholic or Protestant Christianity.
desire to find a new route to trade with Asia for luxury products.
competitive urge to establish settler colonies.
need to find new fishing grounds to feed growing populations.
37
What's the best definition of "Mercantilism"?
An economic system where governments promote free trade between merchants.
An economic system of simple barter in basic commodities between merchants.
An economic system that equally distributed the profits of merchant trade.
An economic system controlling merchants for the benefit of the state.
38
Portugal was the 1st to create a "transoceanic interconnection" of
trading posts
between the
Atlantic Ocean and Pacific Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Arctic Ocean
Atlantic Ocean and Hawaii
Atlantic Ocean and Indian Ocean
39
This cross from mid-16th century central Mexico would have been carved in the context of
Aztecs trying to preserve culture despite Spanish conquest.
Edicts by the Pope which attempted to ban local religions.
The development of early Aztec culture and mythology.
Aztec empire building through an alliance of the "3 tribes."
40
While it was diffused by the Mongols, who were the original inventors of gunpowder?
The Romans
The Byzantines
The Egyptians
The Chinese
41
The BEST explanation for Europe's ability to make breakthroughs in navigation technologies would be that...
all navigation technologies were invented independently in Europe.
technologies from other civilizations were diffused & improved upon.
Marco Polo's book had everything Europeans needed to travel Silk Roads.
they came to them as a result of the Columbian Exchange.
42
Farmers who had to pay a landowner in the Ottoman Empire
would be an example of how land-based empires_____.
Developed military professionals.
Generated revenue through trade
Recruited bureaucratic elites
Created taxation systems
43
All of the following are true, but what was a
POLITICAL
effect of the Reformation?
Luther's emphasis on reading encouraged literacy.
Kings & rulers used the protest to increase their power.
New Christian churches emerged: Lutherans, Anglicans, etc.
Peasants admired Luther's message of Christian equality.
44
"Civil Service Examinations" of the Qing Dynasty
would be an example of how land-based empires_________.
Generated Revenue through trade
Created Tribute collection systems
Developed military professionals.
Recruited bureaucratic elites
45
What was
NOT
a reason for Unit 4 European maritime exploration and empire building?
Europe wanted more luxury products like spices, silk, porcelain, etc.
Europe wanted to rely on the Ottoman Empire for its trade.
European monarchs competed with rivals to gain status & wealth.
Europe wanted to diffuse Christianity to new territories & peoples.
46
What was the Mughal Empire's policy toward different religions for most of its history (up to Emperor Aurangzeb).
Rulers tried to impose Islam on the conquered peoples of South Asia.
Rulers were religiously tolerant, allowing majority Hinduism to continue.
Rulers converted to a new religion: Sikhism
Rulers were converted to Buddhist traditions.
47
Which region(s) supplied the most
COTTON, SPICES, & SILK
to the world market circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
Andean South America
West and Central Africa
The Caribbean & Brazil
South & Southeast Asia
48
This map of the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade could
BEST
be used to demonstrate that
Europeans were invading Africa to capture slaves
Brazil & the Caribbean were major African slave destinations
East Africa was the main source for slaves to the Americas
The Ottoman Empire never used African slaves
49
Which of the following environmental innovations was UNIQUE to the challenges of sailing in the
Indian Ocean
?
An understanding of seasonal monsoon wind patterns
Applying paper technology to maritime maps
Learning about magnetic poles & latitude to create the astrolabe & compass
Creating ways that lateen sails could move with square sails.
50
The expansion of Ottoman and Safavid empires led to conflict . What was TRUE about the cultural reasons these two fought
One was a Muslim Empire while the other was a Hindu Empire.
They were fighting about Christianity: Catholics vs. Eastern Orthodox.
The Ottomans were Sunni Muslims while the Safavids were Shia Muslims.
They were fighting over who built the best monumental architecture.
51
Which region(s) supplied the most
SUGAR
to feed the 'sweet tooth' of the world circa 1450-1750 C.E.?
South & Southeast Asia
West and Central Africa
Andean South America
The Caribbean & Brazil
52
This system of early state-sponsored Spanish colonization that relied on coerced Native labor was called
indentured servitude
encomienda
chattel slavery
Voluntary Labor
53
Which empire was ruled by a Sultan?
C) Safavid Empire
B) Mughal Empire
D) Ottoman Empire
A) Qing Empire
54
Why did the vast majority of Latin America become Catholic after 1492?
Spanish & Portuguese priests were aided by imperial rule
Chinese explorer Zheng He had spread it on his voyages there
Martin Luther made a trip there to convert people
Merchant traders encouraged it to ease trade
55
In setting "transoceanic interconnections" in motion, Portugal's primary motivation before 1450 was
To get direct access to the lucrative Indian Ocean trade network
To find a mythical African Christian King named Prestor John
To establish new bases on the land-based silk routes
To get African slaves to work on Brazilian sugar plantations
56
This description of the Ottoman Empire shows that a continuity from Unit 1 to Unit 3 is that Ottomans were originally;
merchant trading Mediterranean peoples.
settled agriculturalist Byzantine peoples.
pastoralist Turkish peoples.
Christian peoples.