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1
Clinton's mastery of 'spin', or influencing communication to his advantage, earned him what nickname?
"Billy Fibber"
"Tricky Will"
"Sly Bill"
"Slick Willie"
2
What was one reason that the US did not capture Hussein?
It was doubtful that they would be able to reform Iraq as it was so divided
They feared a secret nuclear arsenal if they tried to displace him
The people of the US were widely against it
It was highly likely that he would be killed in rebellion anyways
3
What characteristic of the terrorist groups mentioned was unlike terrorism in Spain and Ireland?
Weaponry tended to be very different
Spanish and Irish terrorism was primarily foreign, while this was domestic
They were often solitary and not connected to larger organizations
Some were 'suicide bombers' and seemed eager to die for their cause
4
What experience helped shape the way Reagan felt about taxes?
Personal struggles with economic recession
His childhood
His work as a Hollywood actor
The influence of political mentors
5
Which was
not
a downside mentioned about the tax-plan induced national debt?
Spending money for social programs was unavailable
National debt set a poor example for personal debt
The government seemed to not have control of the economy
It led to a government shutdown spanning 3 weeks
6
Which did the verdict of the Rodney King case do?
Indicate the presence, still, of strong class, racial, and ethnic tensions
Incite destructive riots, which in LA killed 55
All of the above
Highlight racial tensions between Asian Americans & other people of color
7
What was
NOT
a display of growing materialism and wealth expectations in America?
Increased support for independent party candidates
McMansions and growing average household square footage
Teenagers who expected to earn three times the actual median income
The success of Who Wants to Be a Millionare
8
What attorney general nominee had to withdraw after 'Nannygate' scandal?
Tina Hicks
Hillary Rodham Clinton
Zoe Baird
Janet Reno
9
Which act was passed during the Bush administration?
Americans with Disabilities Act
Native American Graves Protection
Clean Air Act
All of the above
10
What region posed the biggest threat to the aspirations of Democratic liberals?
rural New England and Atlantic Coast
the rapidly growing Sunbelt
industrial Midwest
urban Northeast and Pacific Coast
11
What did the 1996 electoral map expose?
A high number of swing states voting Democratic
An abnormal number of Republican coastal states
The highest margin of support for a Democratic candidate in decades
Increasingly sharp and predictable regional cleavages in votership
12
How did Perot run his presidential campaign?
As a career politician, he relied on public funding for his campaign
He funded his own campaign, appearing on television late in the race
He used money allegedly embezzled from the organization he headed
He used his reputation as a decorated military officer to gain support
13
What tragedy occured on April 19?
Battles of Lexington and Concord
All of the above
Deadly explosion in the compound of Branch Davidians in Waco
Oklahoma City Bombing
14
What extremist group killed 241 US Marines with a truck bomb?
al-Qaeda
Hamas
Hezbollah
Islamic Jihad
15
Which country's growing economic power seemed to threaten US?
Russia
Cuba
Germany
Japan
16
How did Reagan combat rumors he didn't spend a lot of time working and was napping instead?
He ignored the rumor as he found it childish
He began working more hours and taking less vacations to prove he was not
He joked about the rumors to disarm them, poking fun at himself
He criticized the rumor for being cruel about his age
17
What quality of Reagan's helped keep him in public favor?
His talent for public speaking
His speechwriting ability
His religious denomination
His impartial attitude
18
Which was
NOT
a reason Clinton's ambitious plans for healthcare reform were unsuccessful?
Clinton didn't recommend a single-player plan, which upset liberals
Senator Moynihan denounced Clinton's desire to end welfare as unneccesary
Hillary Clinton & Ira Magaziner, assigned to the project, were secretive
The plan was very brief and vague, causing confusion
19
What was an effect of Reagan's PATCO ultimatum?
It sent a strong message about Reagan's determination
11000 air traffic controllers were fired and the union was destroyed
All of the above
The annual number of strikes reached all-time lows
20
What was dictated by the Powell Doctrine, which provided stipulations for war directives?
The rules of Cold War negotiations
The best response to terroist attacks
Decisions regarding the Gulf War
The best response to Soviet invasion of Afghanistan
21
How much was the tax cut Dole called from in his campaign?
10.5%
15%
12%
30%
22
Which was
not
something Reagan was accused of being?
At the mercy of his aides who sheltered him
A fraudulent tax payer
Lazy and not focused enough on his job
At the mercy of his wife, Nancy, and her strong opinions
23
What Bush-vetoed act was Clinton quick to sign off on?
Cable Television Consumer Protection and Competition Act
Family Planning Amendments Act
Emergency Unemployment Compensation Act
Family and Medical Leave Act
24
What was the main criticism of the invasion of Grenada?
Fear that it would incite war
It involved several human rights violations
Reagan seemed to have unbalanced power
It seemed uneccesary, reckless, and dangerous
25
What was a reason for anti-American feelings in the Middle East after the Gulf War?
Authoritarian Arab leaders worried the war would rouse rebellious feelings
All of the above
Lack of protection from the retaliation after a rebellion against Hussein
Resentment towards American military presence
26
What sentiment remained constant during Reagan's presidency?
His support for the virtue of spreading freedom and democracy
All of the above
His anti-Communism
His optimism
27
Who was Paul Tsongas?
A lawyer involved in the case of Rodney King and the LAPD
A Democratic senator who was Clinton's main competitor in the 1992 campaign
Bush's first Supreme Court nominee
A businessman hurt greatly by the 1990-91 recession
28
Which two sportswear companies were involved in the 1992 Olympic endorsement skirmish?
Adidas and Under Armour
Reebok and Nike
Under Armour and Reebok
Adidas and Nike
29
Which was
not
a way the worldwide popularity of American liberty ideals was shown ?
Latin American countires drew inspiration from US Constitution
Immigration to the US increased, specifically of young people
Increased fascination with American culture and media
The Statue of Liberty symbols worn by protesters at Tiananmen Square
30
What was the new direction of educational reform?
Push towards specialized rather than comprehensive learning
Push towards comprehensive rather than specialized learning
Ensuring wider academic access rather than better academic results
Ensuring better academic results rather than wider academic access
31
Why did Reagan get the nickname of "Teflon President"?
Liberals considered him 'slippery' after the PATCO strike situation
Critics used it to insult his appearance
He was a big supporter of innovations like Teflon pans
Conservative supporters praised that 'nothing stuck to him'
32
What was a facet of media production and consumption mentioned in the reading?
All of the above
Domination of large multimedia coporations
Exorbitantly high payed celebrities making millions of dollars
Difficulties for majority of authors/publishers but major success for a few
33
What was one reason Clinton's alleged adultery didn't ruin his chances?
Claims also sprang up against his competitors, leveling the playing field
The newer generation cared less about the personal lives of candidates
He was easily able to put down claims with distinct proof
They were pacified by Hillary Clinton's standing by her husband
34
Why didn't Clinton take more extreme action against Bin Laden?
Ford's ban on governmentally backed assasination during peacetimes
It was impossible to prove his affiliation to terrorist attacks
He didn't view Bin Laden as the most major threat to the US
Such attempts would be costly and ultimately wasteful
35
What was the result of Clinton's hustling and use of soft money to fund his campaign?
Pressure from campaigning and fundraising placed tensions on his marriage
He formed agreements with other countries that would later go awry
Democrats and Republicans raised nearly the same amount of money in 1996
He had to respond to critisism from the GOP, who did not use soft money
36
What event on August 28 caused Clinton to authorize participation in NATO air strikes?
The murder of over seven thousand Muslim men and boys in Srebrenica
An attack on the marketplace of Sarajevo, killing 38 civilians
NATO commitee ruling that essentially peer pressured him into action
The failure of the first negotiation with President Milosevic
37
Who was one non-fiction author who enjoyed success and large sales?
Richard Ford
James McPherson
All of the above
Stephen Sondheim
38
What did the ADA do?
Created anti-discriminatory laws for disabled people, such as in employment
Criminally penalized the trafficking of Native American remains & artifacts
Provided welfare services for families below the poverty line
Helped fund the protection and restoration of wildlife
39
Who was
not
mentioned as an authoritarian ruler still in power in the 80s?
Robert Mugabe of Zimbabwe
Boris Yeltsin of Russia
Fidel Castro of Cuba
Muammar el Qaddafi of Libya
40
What
wasn't
something that became worrisome about Reagan?
His hearing loss and passivity in discussion
His 'hands-off' governmental approach
His relaxed stance on Communism
His frequent telling of fictional feats
41
What was America 2000?
It promised the destruction of 90% of nuclear weapons by 2000
It was a plan encouraging state-level academic testing and standards
It outlined plans to deal with the "Y2K bug" in the year 2000
A national enviromental protection campaign focused on the individual level
42
Under Reagan, what happened to the national deficit?
National debt was cut nearly in half
National debt was reduced, but only by a marginal amount
National debt increased, but at the same rate it had been
National debt tripled
43
What was NOT a reason that it was unlikely for violence in the media to be increasing violent behavior in the 90s?
Violence in media had already been present for many years
The reprecussions faced by charcters in said media often scared viewers
Violence in the media was often gratuitous and felt staged, not inciting
Violent crime itself had sharply declined in the 90s despite crime in media
44
What was NOT a part of Clinton's 1993 budget package?
Spending cuts in defense and oversease intelligence
Expansion of taxes on luxury goods
Hikes in corporate and high income tax rates to help lower the federal debt
Expansion of the Earned Income Tax Credit for low-income families
45
After the bombing is Kenya and Tanzania, which of the following did Clinton NOT do?
Send cruise missile attacks on a plant suspected chemical weapons in Sudan
Send cruise missile attacks on a suspected Al Qaeda site in Afghanistan
Launch raids with Britiain over Iraq, called Operation Desert Fox
Demand that Saudi Arabia take action against terroist groups
46
What was one of two widely held beliefs that supported the desire for better social policies?
The notion that the government was able to advance rights and entitlements
That the job of advancing rights and entitlements fell to the people
That the government was responsible for advancing rights & entitlements
That the government was not willing to advance rights and entitlements
47
What issue caused two partial government shutdowns in 1995?
A GOP budget plan that cut taxes and decreased spending on social programs
Disagreements about what to do about Bosnia
The replacement of AFDC with TANF
Presidential investigation in the wake of scandal
48
The 'de-alignment' of parties was the result of what?
All of the above
Candidate centered political styles driven by television
"Culture wars" influenced partisan battles over conflict and scandal
Rise in independent voting
49
What was television becoming aimed toward, according to Robert Lichter?
"the hormones of a 14 year old"
"the excitement of a 7 year old"
"the ambitions of a 30 year old"
"the mind of a 12 year old"
50
Why weren't Reagan's tax plans originally passed?
It was opposed by many Republicans, who had the majority in the House
It needed to be reworked so it didn't lead to economic downfall
It was opposed by many Democrats, who had the majority in the House
Reagan had trouble garnering public support after he took office
51
Who was Caspar Weinberger?
Creator of the Powell Doctrine
Reagan's defense secretary who frequently collaborated with George Shultz
Reagan's defense secretary who frequently disagreed with George Shultz
National security advisor in the center of Iran-contra scandal
52
What political stance did Clinton take?
"gentle conservatism"
"political unification"
"progressive centrism"
"Democratic nationalism"
53
Which nation did
not
make steps towards democracy following the Cold War?
the Philippines
Guyana
Chile
Indonesia
54
What did the new presence of Ginsburg and Breyer to the Supreme Court accomplish?
Two conservative Justices, Harry Blackmun and Byron White, were replaced
It established a new Democratic majority
They ensured a pro-choice majority in abortion-related cases
They were, respectively, the oldest and youngest Supreme Court Justices
55
What unexpected event increased support for Reagan and his tax plan?
The end of the Iranian Hostage Crisis
An assassination attempt by John Wilkes Booth
An assassination attempt by John Hinkley Jr
Response to the Oklahoma City bombing
56
What was
NOT
a main reason TV companies often resorted to "low-level entertainment"?
It was in most cases cheaper to produce
Increasingly competetive market amongst TV networks
Desire for higher views & profit, especially during 'sweep weeks'
This kind of entertainment was highly popular
57
Who is Paul Kennedy?
A Yale professor who wrote a book critiquing US military spending
JFK's nephew who had a failed run for senator
Reagan's fifth national security advisor
A government professor who reminded people of new post-Cold War dangers
58
What was one thing that decreased in the 90s?
The amount of adults reading literary works
None of the above
Both of the above
Education and experience levels
59
Which of these was Bill Clinton slandered as during his presidential run?
"a war-mongering, unmanly, Democrat"
"a pot-smoking, philandering, draft-dodger"
"a raging, reckless, liability"
"a boasting, undiplomatic, egotist"
60
What was
not
a worry about the SDI?
People thought it violated the anti-ballistic missile (ABM) treaty of '72
People worried about 'space trash' from SDI debris creating meteoroids
People thought it might encourage Soviet attack
People feared it was a cover-up for offensive missiles
61
What countries resumed conflict with each other after the Cold War ended?
Israel and surrounding Arab countries
Japan and Vietnam
India and Pakistan
Cuba and Guatamala
62
What was
NOT
an example of growing sensationalism?
Tabloids & magazines that focused on outlandish stories, often insensitivly
Shows like Jerry Springer primarily based in ridiculing bizarre situations
The popularity of new technology like CGI films
Highly-paid TV personalities like Larry King and Geraldo Rivera
63
What was not a characteristic of Robert Dole?
He was a senator from Kansas
His energetic and compelling way of speaking
He was a decorated WWII veteran
His acerbic, but witty nature
64
What was
NOT
a mentioned reason for growing income inequality?
Government spending changes under the Bush administration
Effects of Reagan's tax plans
All of the above were reasons
RIsing numbers of immigrants
65
Which celebrity
DIDN'T
raise concerns over raunchiness in the early 90s?
Roseanne
Micheal Jackson
Hugh Laurie
Madonna
66
What was NOT criticism of TANF?
It would likely force people out of welfare and into low-paying jobs
It was more to save money to go towards an election year tax cut than aid
It subsidized out of wedlock pregnancy
Shifting welfare to a state responsibility was likely to create disparities
67
Which was NOT a development in the issue of abortion during the Bush administration?
The Court upheld a MO law banning abortions at publicly funded facilities
Advocates of choice worried about the domination of Republican majorites
A 1992 case narrowly reaffirmed Roe v. Wade in a 5 to 4 majority
Bush lost support on both sides after a tentative speech on the issue
68
What was the Kyoto Protocol, and did it pass?
An agreement to reduce CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions by 2012, and yes
A new anti-terrorism law that would bolster US intelligence agencies; yes
A new anti-terrorism law that would bolster US intelligence agencies; no
An agreement to reduce CO2 and greenhouse gas emissions by 2012, and no
69
What was a major difference between Bush and Clinton in regards to policy?
Bush was a war hero, and Clinton was an alleged draft-dodger
Bush was a Republican, while Clinton was a Democrat
Bush was much older than Clinton, & they appealed to different generations
Bush focused on foreign issues, while Clinton focused on domestic issues
70
What did the Defense of Marriage Act NOT do?
Define marriage as a union between a man and woman
None of the above
Reaffirm laws that already existed in many states
Reassure foes of gay rights
71
What was special about Bush's approval rating directly following the Gulf War?
His 41% approval rating coincided with his being the 41st president
At 89%, it was the highest approval rating that had been seen
It was the first ever 50%, showcasing the polarity of opinions on the war
An approval rating of 36% was the lowest a president had ever recieved
72
In the beginning of his presidency, what important issues did Reagan focus on?
Enviromental spending, Cold War negotiation, and domestic policy change
Abortion bans, tax exempts for religious schools, and the ERA
Economic overhaul to reduce inflation, unemployement, and national debt
Increasing military spending, social welfare cuts, and lowering income tax
73
By what percent did the Dow Jones industrial average drop on "Black Monday"?
23%
41%
28%
13%
74
Who is Clarence Thomas?
A Black conservative Supreme Court justice
All of the above
Controversial due to his stances & sexual harassment claims from Anita Hill
Former head of the EEOC
75
What did Clinton encourage parents to do?
Help to reduce teen pregnancy and smoking
Help curb gangs and increase community policing
All of the above
Invest focus into their children's education and futures
76
What did Dick Gephardt complain Clinton spend all his time talking about?
Polling numbers
His colleagues
Women
Social welfare programs
77
Which was NOT a reason Mr. James T Patterson mentioned Madonna in this section?
The sexual content in the film Body of Evidence, in which she starred
Her scandalous coffee table book which featured nude images
Her appearance on the David Letterman show in which she spoke profanely
The explicit lyrics in her albums
78
What percent of American workers belonged to unions by 2001, and was this higher or lower than the past?
13.5%, higher
9%, lower
13.5%, lower
17.8%, higher
79
What did R.I.P stand for?
Renovation, Industrialization, Privitization
Revelation, Investigation, Proscecution
Reduction, Instruction, Penalization
Restoration, Innovation, Preservation
80
What was
not
mentioned as an important historical event that took place during Bush's presidency?
Collapse of the Soviet Union
South African apartheid systems began to be dismantled
German reunification
Bombing of US marines in Beirut
81
What percent of guests did major hotel chains report accessing pay-per-view channels?
More than 80%
Over 50%
Roughly 40%
Less than 30%
82
Who is James Baker?
House majority leader who praised Reagan's political skill
Reagan's chief of staff who worried about his disconnectedness
Democratic senator who criticized the harm done to social programs
Reagan's press secratary shot by Hinkley Jr
83
What was an effect of the budget package on Clinton?
Strong performance of the economy affirmed him as an good economic manager
The failed implementation caused his approval rates to temporarily plummet
The discouraging response to the package led to an aggressive redemption
With the plan passed, he turned his attention to foreign affairs
84
What was
not
a reason for continued instability after the Cold War ended?
Conflicts between and within (especially newer) nations persisted
Anarachy became prevalent as new nations attempted to form governments
Several countries remained Communist
The production of nuclear weapons didn't cease
85
What did the term "Bobos", used by David Brooks to describe materialistic Americans, represent?
"Bossy boots"
"Boisterous and boastful"
"Bohemian and bourgeois"
"Idiots"
86
What was one thing that liberals cited as a failing of Reagan's tax acts?
Tax cuts had led to major inflation
Tax cuts had led to instability within unions
Tax cuts benefited the wealthy more than the poor
Tax cuts were driving down the budgets for social programs
87
What highly polarizing military decision did Reagan make in 1983?
Sending US troops to Grenada to restore order after pro-Communist coup
Sold weapons to Iran to fund the Contras in Nicaragua
Retaliation against the bombing in Beirut
Increase of nuclear warheads after failed Soviet negotiation
88
Who did Rush Limbaugh ridicule on his radio talk show?
'new-age hippies' and 'cuckoos'
'feminazis' and 'enviromentalist wackos'
'sick left-wing elitists' and 'pathetic liberals'
'liberal scum' and 'Communist trash'
89
What did NOT help to contribute to Bush's failure to be re-elected, despite his success with the Gulf War?
His weak focus on domestic issues as opposed to foreign affairs
News of personal scandal that damaged Bush's reputation and trustworthiness
Third party candidate Perot splitting the Republican vote
Economic recession and the reneging of the "No New Taxes" promise
90
Who did
NOT
favor Clinton in 1996?
New England
Women
The Rocky Mountains and Plains Regions
None of the above
91
Which was
not
a condition Weinberger said must be met for US to send troops abroad?
Clear objectives and strategy must be set
The US must guarenteed to win overwhelmingly with minimal losses
National interests must be threatened
There must be a 4/5 majority vote in the Senate
92
What concept did writer Samuel Huntington emphazise in "The Clash of Civilizations"?
"It's not them, it's us"
"The West versus the rest"
"The only good Communist is a dead Communist"
"Morning again in America"
93
What move of Carter's did Reagan initially avoid?
Cold War escalation
Immediate economic policy change
Using charismatic speeches to gain support
Sending numerous programs to Congress
94
What was
NOT
one of Patterson's three reasons the US was vulnerable to terrorism when Clinton left office?
Clinton's personal scandals, which grabbed American attention
Republican response to Clinton's scandals to gain political advantage
The prosperous economy spurred pride and complacency
Lack of support for offensive measures in the wake of the Cold War
95
Why was 1989 considered "The Year the Court Turned Right"?
Several Republicans replaced former Supreme Court Justices
The Supreme Court began favoring Republican perspectives on major issues
All of the federal appeals courts had Republican majorities
Correlation of conservative political advertisements & televised basketball
96
The budget bill following the 1981 tax law made cuts in primarily what areas?
Foreign aid spending
Domestic spending
Military spending
Enviromental spending
97
The number of people on public assistant dropped how much from 1996 to 2001?
It did not drop, it remanded fairly steady
From 5.3 to 3.2 million
From roughly 10 million to 6 million
From 12.2 to 5.3 million
98
Reagan's assassination attempt did which of these things?
(C) Fostered support for Reagan and his ideals while he recovered
Both B and C
(B) Left press secretary James Brady permanently disabled
(A) Led to national outcry about presidential security
99
What was FISA?
Federal Investigation Security Act, created a wall between CIA and FBI
Federal Initiative to Stop AIDS, which provided funds for HIV/AIDS research
Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act, created a wall between CIA & FBI
Fradulent Insurance Safety Act, created recovery funds for scammed agencies
100
All of these policies didn't accomplish much, except for:
Don't Ask, Don't Tell
Goals 2000, authorizing funding for educational standards
Proposed health insurance reform
Clinic Entrances Act, outlawing obstruction of clinics & places of worship
